scratch的读法

1. 挖出，扒出
2. 擦
3. 勾掉，勾消，勾划掉
4. 取消
5. 退出比赛
6. 刮，刮坏
7. 删去，删掉
8. 潦草地涂写，乱划，潦草地写
9. 未能践约
10. 艰难地谋生，勉强糊口
11. 抓（表面），搔（痒）
12. 刨，用爪刨洞
13. 抓伤，刺刺地抓，划破（皮肤），划伤，刮伤
14. 作刮擦声
15. 涂写
16. 乱画，乱划
17. 涂掉，划掉，刮掉
18. 划出，刻出
19. 凑（钱）
20. 未得分
21. 侥幸击中
22. 未击中

1. 刮擦声
2. 抓痕，划痕
3. 擦伤，抓伤
4. 起跑线
5. 抓
6. 乱涂，乱划
7. 【牌】零分
8. 弃权者
9. 钱
10. 搔，搔痒
11. 搔痕
12. 微伤
13. 【地】擦痕
14. 【建】刮痕
15. 搔声
16. 未中的一击

1. 打草稿用的
2. 潦草的
3. 东拼西凑的， 临时凑成的，凑合的，匆匆组成的
4. 庞杂的，各种各样的
5. 碰巧的，偶然的
6. 平等比赛的，无让分优待的
7. 无让步的
8. 随便写的
9. 碰巧打中的
10. 发痒的

1. an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off
2. a depression scratched or carved into a surface
3. informal terms for money
4. a competitor who has withdrawn from competition
5. a line indicating the location of the start of a race or a game
6. dry mash for poultry
7. a harsh noise made by scraping;

   "the scrape of violin bows distracted her"
   

8. poor handwriting
9. (golf) a handicap of zero strokes;

   "a golfer who plays at scratch should be able to achieve par on a course"
   

10. an indication of damage

1. cause friction;

   "my sweater scratches"
   

2. cut the surface of; wear away the surface of
3. scrape or rub as if to relieve itching;

   "Don't scratch your insect bites!"
   

4. postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled;

   "Call off the engagement"
   "cancel the dinner party"
   "we had to scrub our vacation plans"
   "scratch that meeting--the chair is ill"
   

5. remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line;

   "Please strike this remark from the record"
   "scratch that remark"
   

6. gather (money or other resources) together over time;

   "She had scraped together enough money for college"
   "they scratched a meager living"
   

7. carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface;

   "engrave a pen"
   "engraved the trophy cupt with the winner's"
   "the lovers scratched their names into the bark of the tree"
   

1.给…搔痒;给…挠痒
If youscratch yourself, you rub your fingernails against your skin because it is itching.

e.g. He scratched himself under his arm...
他在胳膊下面挠了挠。
e.g. The old man lifted his cardigan toscratch his side...
老人撩起开襟毛衣挠了挠身体的一侧。

2.划伤;划出痕迹
If a sharp objectscratches someone or something, it makes small shallow cuts on their skin or surface.

e.g. The branches tore at my jacket and scratched my hands and face...
树枝刮破了我的夹克，划伤了我的手和脸。
e.g. Knives willscratch the worktop.
小刀会在工作台上留下划痕。

3.划痕;擦痕
Scratches on someone or something are small shallow cuts.

e.g. The seven-year-old was found crying with scratches on his face and neck...
那名 7 岁男孩被发现时正在哭泣，脸部和颈部都有划伤。
e.g. I pointed to a number of scratches in the tile floor.
我指向地板砖上的一道道划痕。

4.从零开始;从头做起;白手起家
If you do somethingfrom scratch, you do it without making use of anything that has been done before.

scratch的解释

e.g. Building a home fromscratch can be both exciting and challenging...
建立一个全新的家庭既让人兴奋又富于挑战。
e.g. Hong Kong's manufacturing industry did not start fromscratch in the post-war period.
战后，香港制造业的兴起并非从零开始。

5.苦苦琢磨;绞尽脑汁
If you say that someone isscratching theirhead, you mean that they are thinking hard and trying to solve a problem or puzzle.

scratch的意思

e.g. The Institute spends a lot of time scratching its head about how to boost American productivity.
该协会花费大量时间苦苦思索如何提高美国的生产力。

6.触及表面;隔靴搔痒;浅尝辄止
If you onlyscratch the surface of a subject or problem, you find out or do a small amount, but not enough to understand or solve it.

e.g. Officials say they've only scratched the surface of the drug problem...
官员们说他们只是触及了毒品问题的表面。
e.g. We had only two weeks to tour Malaysia, which was hardly enough time toscratch the surface.
我们只有两周的时间游览马来西亚，连走马观花都来不及。

7.达到标准;合格;令人满意
If you say that someone or something is notup to scratch, you mean that they are not good enough.

e.g. My mother always made me feel I wasn't coming up toscratch.
母亲总是使我觉得自己不够优秀。

1. The dog is always scratching.
   那条狗老是搔痒。
2. The pen scratches badly.
   这支钢笔钩纸钩得利害。

1. He has a curious habit of scratching his ear while he speaks.
   他有一种奇怪的习惯,一讲话就搔耳朵。
2. Please leave off scratching your head.
   请不要搔头了。
3. Scratch yourself if you itch.
   如果你觉得痒,搔好了。
4. The cat scratched my hand.
   猫把我的手给搔了。
5. The cat has scratched a hole in the flowerbed.
   猫在花坛上扒了一个坑。
6. The brambles scratched my legs.
   荆棘刺伤了我的双腿。
7. The knife has scratched the table.
   小刀划坏了桌子。
8. I hope you are not going to scratch me.
   我希望你不会把我的名字从比赛中划去。
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9. The horse was scratched.
   那匹马退出比赛了。

1. His dog just gives a scratch at the door when it wants to come in.
   他的狗想进来时就用爪子抓门。
2. Her face was covered with scratches.
   她脸上有很多划痕。
3. I heard the scratches on the old records.
   我听到旧唱片的沙沙声。

scratch about (v.+adv.)

扒,刨 strip off or dig in light movements
scratch about

The farmyard was quiet, with just a few chickens scratching about.

这农家庭院静悄悄的,只有几只鸡在四处扒食。

scratch away (v.+adv.)

抓; 刮 strip off or dig
scratch away

If you keep scratching away at that spot, you'll break the skin.

你要是不停地抓那个小包会抓破皮的。

scratch sth ⇔ away

Most of the paint has been scratched away by heavy wear.

由于磨损严重,大部分油漆已剥落。

scratch from (v.+prep.)

从…中除名 remove sb's name from sth
scratch sb from sth

We had to scratch two players from the team because of damaged knee joints.

有两名选手膝关节受伤,我们只好不让他们参加比赛了。

Jim should have an easy victory, as two of the best runners have been scratched from the race.

吉姆应该很容易地轻易取胜,因为两名优秀赛跑运动员已经从比赛中除名了。

scratch out (v.+adv.)

勉强维持 make or get with difficultyIt wasn't easy scratching out a living in those hard times.在那段艰难的日子里,糊口真不容易。

scratch up (v.+adv.)

掘起,挖出 dig sth outThat cat has scratched up all my young plants again!那只猫又把我种的那些幼苗给扒出来了!

from scratch

〈非正〉从头做起,从零开始starting from the beginning or with nothing

up to scratch

〈非正〉情况良好,达到标准in(to) good condition or at〔to〕 an acceptable standard

1. scratch的基本意思是“搔”“抓”,多指用带光(而非带刃)的东西如手指甲等去抓搔,也可表示在平面上刮线或穿孔。动作的发出者多没有明确的目的,而动作的承受者多受到一定程度的损害。引申可表示“刮伤”“勾掉”“刻画”“艰难地谋生”“退出比赛”等。
2. scratch既可用作及物动词,也可用作不及物动词。用作及物动词时,接名词、代词作宾语。