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高考英语一轮复习《主谓一致》常考题解析

2024-02-03 来源:客趣旅游网


高考英语一轮复习22:主谓一致

一、单选题

1.There ________ some good advice about how to reduce air pollution on the Internet.

A.are

B.is C.have D.has

【分析】网上有一些关于如何减少空气污染的好建议。there be 句型的主谓一致符合就近原则,句中的advice为不可数名词,谓语动词用单数,同时描述的是现在的客观事实,应该是用一般现在时。故选B。

2.— Have you seen Steven this morning?

—Yes! Steven, together with his wife, ________ the guests of the party now. A.greets

【分析】——你今天早上见到史蒂文了吗?——是的!现在Steven和他的妻子正在一起欢迎宴会上的客人。together with连接两个主语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致,所以空处谓语应与主语Steven保持一致;句中时间状语“now(现在)”和句意可知,句子时态为现在进行时,需使用be doing的形式,主语为单数。故选C。

3.Money is yours but resources (资源) __________________ the whole society.

B.greet C.is greeting D.are greeting

A.belong to

B.result in C.belongs to D.results in

【分析】金钱属于你,但资源属于整个社会。 belong to“属于”;result in “导致”。结合句意应用动词短语belong to,此处是谓语动词,根据 Money is yours 的时态,可知应用一般现在时,主语是复数名词 resources ,故选A。

4.My sister, as well as her classmates, _________ by Mr. Hunt.

A.praised

B.are praised C.was praised D.were praised

【分析】我姐姐和她的同学们都受到了亨特先生的表扬。此处是谓语动词,与主语sister之间是被动关系;当主语后有as well as,with,together with,in addition to等附加结构时,适用就远原则,谓语

动词与前面的主语My sister保持一致,用第三人称单数形式。综上,谓语应用被动语态,单数形式。故选C。

5.When the questions on my mind ________, I don't doubt _________ I've done a good job.

A.get answered, that C.gets answering, that

B.get answered, whether D.gets answering, whether

【分析】当我脑子里的问题得到回答时,我肯定我做得很好。分析句子可知,when引导的从句为一般现在时,主语为 the questions,与answer为被动关系,故用“ get+过去分词”表示被动,谓语动词用复数。第二个空要填宾语从句的连接词,don't doubt 后的连接词用that,故选A。

6.I do not have a job. I would find one but I ___________ no time.

A.had

B.didn't have C.had had D.have

【分析】我没有工作。我会找一个,但我没有时间。由“I do not have a job”是一般现在时可知,说话人是现在没有工作,空格处描述现在的事情,因此时态用一般现在时,表示现在没有时间,主语I 是第一人称,因此空格处是动词原形,故选D。

7.The earth ______ around the sun.

A.moved

B.will move C.moves D.is moving

【分析】地球绕着太阳转。“地球绕着太阳转”是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语The earth单数,谓语单数形式。故选C。

本题涉及一般现在时和第三人称单数作主语。

8.He ________for us ever since he left school.

A.has been worked C.has worked

B.worked D.was working

【分析】自从他离开学校以来,他一直为我们工作。分析句意可知,句中关键词 ever since表示“自从”,后接时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时,主句的主语he是第三人称单数形式,谓语动词用单数;综上分析,空处应该用现在完成时单数形式has worked。故选C。

9.Have you read all the information that this case?

A.relate

B.relate to C.relates to D.relates

【分析】你读过所有与这个案子相关的信息了吗?表示\"与……相关\"短语为relate to,在定语从句中作谓语,且\"that this case\"为定语从句修饰先行词information,先行词在从句中作主语,从句为一般现在时,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,information是不可数名词,故谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故选C。

10.At that time ________two important players ________a big problem for Lang Ping.

A.to lose; is

B.losing; was C.lose; was D.losing; is

【分析】当时,失去两名重要球员对郎平来说是个大问题。第一空,作句子的主语,应用动名词形式;第二空,根据上文At that time可知用一般过去时,主语为动名词,谓语动词用单数。故选B。

11.The woman behind the girls ________a famous actress.

A.is

B.are C.have D.has

【分析】女孩们背后的女人是一位著名的女演员。分析句子结构可知,本句缺少谓语;本句主语是The woman,单数,behind the girls介词短语作后置定语修主语;结合句意可知,本句陈述事实,谓语动词需用一般现在时态,表示\"是\"之意,需用be动词,主语是单数,be动词需用is。故选A。

12.The number of the students in our school ________ about 30, 000 and ________ them study hard.

A.is; a large amount of C.are; large amount of

B.are; a number of D.is; a large number of

【分析】我们学校的学生大约有3万人,他们中的许多人学习很努力。the number作主语,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,所以第一空应用is;a large amount of意为\"大量的,许多的\",修饰不可数名词;a (large/huge/big) number of,意为\"大量的,许多的\",修饰可数名词复数。故选D。

13.Tom, ________Jane and Rose, ________going to the farm on foot.

A.and, is C.as well as, is

B.together with, are D.with, are

【分析】不仅珍妮和罗斯,而且汤姆也打算步行去农场。as well as 或 together with 连接两个主语时,谓语动词的数与第一个主语保持一致,故选C。

14.The percentage of students at high schools who ______ newly diagnosed with depression not dropped

significantly. A.was; has

【分析】最近被诊断患有抑郁症的高中生的比例还没有显著下降。第一空为定语从句中谓语动词被动态;定语从句谓语动词的形式由先行词单复数决定,先行词students at high schools是复数形式,故be动词用复数,且动作发生在过去,用一般过去时复数形式were;第二空为主句谓语动词现在完成时助动词的选择,主语the percentage是单数,故助动词用三单形式has。故选B。

15.These are among the most endangered animals, most of _____ sharks, ______ more than one species

B.were; has C.was; have D.were; have

_____ in the same boat with for half a century. A.which, which, have been. C.them, which, have been.

【分析】这些是最濒危的动物,大部分是鲨鱼,半个世纪以来,不止一个物种都是同样的处境。most of _____ sharks是独立主格结构,指代the most endangered animals,故选them;______ more than one species _____ in the same boat with for half a century是表语从句,句子不缺成分,故用that引导;more than one +名词作主语,谓语动词用单数,故填has been,因此选D。

16.The famous musician, as well as his students________ to perform at the opening ceremony last year.

B.which, which, has been D.them, that, has been

A.were invited C.have been invited

B.was invited D.has been invited

【分析】这位著名的音乐家和他的学生去年被邀请在开幕式上表演。由时间状语last year可知,空处谓语动词需用一般过去时,结合句意可知,此处表示被邀请,所以谓语动词需用一般过去时的被

动语态:was/were done,as well as连接两个并列的主语,谓语动词需用“就前原则”,即谓语动词的形式取决于第一个主语,此处第一主语是单数musician,所以be动词需用was。故选B。

17.You rather than I ________ going to go camping.

A.will be

B.am C.is D.are

【分析】要去野营的是你而不是我。此处为“be going to do sth.”句型,且主语后接rather than时,不影响主语的人称和数,谓语动词应根据主语的人称和数来确定,即谓语动词与You保持一致,应用are。故选D。

要求考生在语境中熟练运用主谓一致和一般现在时。

18.We ________ quite enough work for the morning; now let's take a break.

A.have done

B.will do C.had done D.were doing

【分析】今天上午我们做的工作够多的了,现在让我们休息一下吧。根据后半句“now let's take a break.”可知,做很多工作这件事情是从过去某个时间开始一直到现在,应用现在完成时。故选A。

19.We all feel his parents as well as Jack _________ for the little boy's bad performance at school.

A.is to blame C.are to be blamed

B.is to be blamed D.are to blame

【分析】我们都认为他的父母和杰克都应为这个小男孩在学校表现不好负责。be to blame,应负责任。当 as well as 连接两个成分作主语时,其后谓语的单复数形式通常要与前面一个主语保持一致,所以谓语动词用复数形式。故选D。

20.It is reported that more than one new house________ at present in the disaster area.

A.has been built C.is being built

B.have been built D.are being built

【分析】据报道,目前灾区正在建造不止一幢新房子。根据at present可知,此处应用现在进行时。动词build意为“建造”,和主语house构成被动关系。“more than one+可数名词单数”做主语,谓语动词用单数。故选C。

要求考生会分析句子成分,找出主语,识记 more than one做主语时,谓语用第三人称单数,同时,

在语境中正确运用现在进行时的被动语态。

二、语法填空

21.Either he or his parents (be) going to attend the wedding tomorrow.

【分析】他或他的父母明天要参加婚礼。either...or...固定短语,“或者......或者......”,连接主语时,遵循就近原则,因此谓语动词与 his parents 保持一致,故填are。

22.Neither he nor I (be) well-educated, which keeps us from finding a desirable job.

【分析】他和我都没有受过良好的教育,这使我们无法找到理想的工作。 neither ... nor ...,固定短语,“既不......,也不......”,连接并列主语时,遵循就近原则,因此此空与I保持一致,结合 which keeps us from finding a desirable job ,可知应用一般现在时,故填 am 。

23.What a beautiful view it (be)!

【分析】多美的景色啊!此处是谓语动词,主语是it,属于第三人称单数,故填is。

24. (be)there anything wrong?

【分析】有什么问题吗?此处是谓语动词,主语是不定代词anything,应用谓语动词应用单数形式,故填Is。

25.When to hold the meeting (have) not yet been decided.

【分析】什么时候举行会议还没有决定。此句主语是 When to hold the meeting,谓语动词用单数,故填has。

26.The girl, as well as her friends, (be) fond of the new novel.

【分析】这个女孩和她的朋友们都喜欢这部新小说。此处是谓语动词,当as well as连接主语时,谓

语动词与as well as前面的主语保持一致,即与the girl一致,故填is。

27.Taking part in the activities of annual Career Day sometimes (prove) a golden opportunity

for students to make smart career choices.

【分析】参加每年的职业日活动有时证明是学生做出明智职业选择的黄金机会。陈述客观事实用一般现在时,主语为动名词短语,谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填proves。

28.Forty dollars (be) much for him.

【分析】四十美元对他来说太多了。 forty dollars,表示金钱,作主语,谓语动词用单数,故填is。

29.The fabric (tear) very easily.

【分析】这种织物很容易撕裂。 tear “撕”。此处是谓语动词,主语是单数名词 the fabric ,谓语动词用单数形式,故填 tears 。

30.Not only you but also he (know) the answer.

【分析】不仅你知道答案,他也知道。此处是谓语动词,not only...but also...“不但.....而且.....”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,因此应与he保持一致,故填knows。

31.Neither I nor he (be)to blame.

【分析】我和他都不该受责备。neither...nor...“既不......,也不......”,连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,因此与he保持一致,故填is。

32.My mother, as well as my father, (have) a key to the room.

【分析】我的母亲和父亲都拥有房间的钥匙。此处是谓语动词,as well as连接并列成分作主语时,句子的谓语动词应该与前面那个名词或代词的人称和数保持一致,因此与my mother 一致,故填

has。

33.Not only he but also all his family (be) fond of music.

【分析】不仅他,而且他的家人都喜欢音乐。not only...but also...\"不但.....,而且......“,连接并列成分作主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则, all his family ”他的家人“,指的是家庭成员,谓语动词用复数,故填 are 。

34.One third of the country covered with trees and the majority of the citizens (be)

native Americans.

【分析】该国三分之一的土地被树木覆盖,大多数公民是美洲原住民。第一空因为country指的是三分之一 的国土,不可数名词,故填is;第二空的主语citizens是可数名词,故填are。故答案为:is;are。

35.The teacher, as well as the students, (be) going to climb the mountain. (语法填空)

【分析】老师和学生都要爬山。as well as连接的两个人和物,侧重点在前者,这里的主语只有as well as前面的部分,因此谓语动词与the teacher 一致,故填is。

36. It is the first time that he (bite) by a dog.

【分析】这是他第一次被狗咬。此句是It is the first time that ...固定句式,“第一次做......”,从句中的谓语动词应用现在完成时,主语he与bite是被动关系,应用现在完成时的被动语态,故填has been bitten。

37.When I entered the room, the teacher, together with her lovely students, (dance) to

the music.

【分析】当我进入房间时,老师和她可爱的学生们正在随着音乐跳舞。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语从句When I entered the room的时态,可知应用过去进行时,与主语the teacher保持一致,故填

was dancing。

38.The company is using drones that (design) to plant trees ten times faster than

planters. (动词)

【分析】该公司正在使用专为种植树木而设计的无人机,其种植树木的速度是播种机的十倍。此处是定语从句的谓语动词,先行词是复数名词drones,与design是被动关系,应用被动语态,结合语境应用一般现在时,故填are designed。

39.In my opinion,neither my friend nor my classmates (be) as positive as Tom.

【分析】在我看来,我的朋友和我的同学都没有汤姆那么积极。此处是谓语动词,neither...nor...连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,应与my classmates保持一致,结合语境应用一般现在时,故填are。

40.Either you or one of your students (be) to attend the meeting.

【分析】你或你的一名学生将参加会议。此处是谓语动词,either...or...”或者......或者......“,连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,应与one of your students 保持一致,根据语境应用一般将来时,故填is。

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