Lesson 1 Dedication
Learning Objectives:
1. Describing people and identifying common factors. 2. Defining words and discussing the connotations. 3. Reading a text about a man with an obsession. 4. Discussing body transformations.
Speaking
1. Work in pairs. Look at the photos and discuss these questions. 1) What does each picture show?
2) How would you describe the people in the pictures? 3) What do you thinkthey might have in common?
4) Do you think you are like any of these people? If so, in what way?
Vocabulary : Talking about people
1. Look at these definitions. Can you guess the words? In what way are the words different? Dothey have positive or negative connotations?
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The three words mean unmarried. Single is used to describe men or women and has a neutral connotation. Bachelor is used to describe a man and has a fairly neutral Spinster is used to describe a woman and is an old-fashioned (often disapproving) term with the implication that the woman will never marry. Its connotation is
negative.
2. Can you think of any other similar examples? traditional — old-fashioned — conventional Traditional: in accordance with tradition, beliefs and customs; it can have a positive or negative connotation. Compare It is traditional to give chocolate eggs as Easter presents in the UK with He was a very traditional father and they often had arguments. Old-fashioned: not modern, a person who believes in out-dated ideas and customs; it has a negative connotation. Conventional: following conventions or norms; it can have a negative connotation: He holds very conventional views on politics. It may also have a neutral connotation, e.g. My new car is a very conventional design. 3. Look at the following words, which are all synonymsof determined. Do the words have positive or negative connotations? Divide them into two groups, using a dictionary to help you.
Positive: resolute, unwavering, dedicated Negative: stubborn, wilful, obstinate, dogged ( single-minded, strong-willed and persistent are dependent on context.) 4. Work in small groups and compare your ideas.Use one of the words to describe someone you know.
My 11-year-old daughter is really obstinate — nothing I say can persuade her to read a book, she just watches rubbish on TV all the time.
5. Read the short profiles below and decide which word in Exercise 3 best describes the person. More than one word
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may be appropriate.
1) A politician who always gives her full support to her party leader, even when she does not agree with all the party’s policiesunwavering 2) An employee who works day and night to get apromotion, even though it will probably be given to someone else.dogged/determined/persistent 3) A woman who has recovered from cancer three timesstrong-willed/resolute 4) A man who has failed his driving test ten times and is to take his test again next month. determined/persistent 5) A child who refuses to wear blue trousers today.stubborn/wilful 6) A president defending his club, which refuses membership to women.obstinate 7) A girl who devotes all her free time to tennis practice and has no social life as a result.single-minded 8) A single-parent father working, studying and bringing up two children.resolute/determined
Speaking & Reading: Lexical preparation
(1) go by sth.: to be guided by sth.; to form an opinion from sth. e.g. That’s a good rule to go by.
2) lose count (of sth.): to forget the total of sth. before you have finished counting it e.g. She had lost count of the number of times she’d told him to be careful.
Speaking & Reading
1. Work in pairs. Make a list of the different ways that people typically choose to change their bodies.
2. You are going to read an article about a man called Stalking Cat. What changes do you think he has made to his body?
3. Read the article and check your ideas. He has had tiger-stripe tattoos on his body, a feline cleft lip, a flattened nose, implants to widen the lower part of his forehead, elongated ears and attachments pierced through his lip for him to fix whiskers to.
4. Read the text again and decide if these statements are true (T) of false (F). If false, explain why. (1) Plastic surgery is still relatively unusual. F It is now commonplace
2) Dennis Avner can’t remember how many changes have been made to his body.T 3) It is thought that a psychological illness may be the cause of Stalking Cat’s behaviour.T 4) Because of the changes to his body, Cat is inconstant pain. F The procedures hurt at the time but there is no ongoing pain.
5) The procedures Cat has undergone have been carried out illegally. F He has to have the surgery carried out by a body modification artist because it would be illegal for a medical professional to alter appearance to this extent.
6) Cat does not suffer any pain during the operations. F He cannot have anaesthetic because only qualified doctors can administer it, so the operations are very painful. 7) He does not particularly enjoy making the changes to his body. T
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8) He will probably not make any more changes to his body. F
His goal is to become a perfect cross between a cat and a human, so it is likely he will continue.
5. Look again at the adjectives in Vocabulary, Exercise 3. Which would you use to describe Stalking Cat? 6. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
1) Think of someone you know who has made changes to his / her body. Was he / she happy with the results? Why? / Why not?
2) In what circumstances would you consider making changes to your body?
3) If you could transform yourself into a perfect cross between a human and an animal, which animal would you choose? Why?
7. Translate the following sentences into English. 1)如果可以依据以往的经验，这个航班会晚点的。(go by) If past experience is anything to go by, the flight will be late. 2)失去配偶以后，人们必然要经历一段调整期。(undergo)
People inevitably undergo a period of adjustment after the loss of their spouse. 3)这是首次向公众展出这幅画。 (display)
It’s the first time the painting has been displayed to the public. 4)这条道路穿过沙漠伸向远方。(stretch)
The road stretched (out) across the desert into the distance. 5)政府声称战争是必然的，这种说法显然是错误的。 (claim)
The government’s claim that the war was necessary was clearly mistaken.
Lesson 2 Mind the Gap
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Learning Objectives:
1. Discussing photos from an exhibition about different cultures.
2. Listening to people discussing the exhibition andidentifying their opinions. 3. Pronunciation: How do you pronounce it? 4. Zoom In: Contrasting uses of so.
5. Reading an e-mail from a friend in a different culture. 6. Discussing attitudes and opinions.
7. Revising and practising be used to / get used to.
Speaking & Listening
1. Look at the pictures. They are part of a photographic exhibition by various photographers
about different world cultures.What does each photo show?Where do you think the photos were taken?
2. What is the connection between the pairs of photos (a & b, c & d, etc.)?
a & b: Both photos show traditional dancing with a group of people. c & d: Both photos show fashion/clothes. e & f: Both photos depict weddings.
g & h: Both photos show animals being ridden. 3. Listen to three friends talking about the exhibition. Which pairs of photos do they talk about?
Photographs a—b, e—f, g—h.
Do they agree about the exhibition’s main purpose? No, the speakers don’t agree.
4. Listen again and complete the sentences. 1) The three friends went ... to see an exhibition.
2) Tanya normally gets tired ... after about half an hour or so. 3) What impressed Paul was ...
the fact they seemed to refer to each other — that they dealt with similar themes. 4) Tanya believes that the exhibition talks about ...
what is similar between cultures rather than what is different. 5) She also thinks that our society is ...
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becoming more international. 6) Rashid disagrees with her in that ...
some differences between cultures are impossible to reconcile.
5. Work in pairs. Discuss these questions.
(1) What aspects of your culture are you most proud of?
2) Do you think we should emphasise cultural differences or similarities? Why?
3) What kind of photos would you include in a photographic exhibition about your culture? Think about food, music, architecture, art, customs, etc. compare your ideas with other pairs and decide which exhibition sounds most interesting.
I’d want to include photos of our most impressive and iconic buildings, like the ... Pronunciation: How do you pronounce it?
Student A says a word in phonetic script from his / her card. Student B says a word from the right-hand column of his / her card that goes with the word Student A said.
For example: Student A: /a:'tIstIk/ B: aspirations
Then it is B’s turn. Write down all of the collocations in the space.
Zoom in : So
1. The following sentences all use the word so. Match them to the uses below. 1) It was so good.
2) I normally get tired after about half an hour or so.
3) They’re there so we can see how similar cultures are. 4) A: Is the exhibition on for much longer? B: I don’t think so.
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1) It was so good. very or extremely
2) I normally get tired after about half an hour or so. saying that certain facts are imprecise
3) They’re there so we can see how similar cultures are. expressing purpose
4) A: Is the exhibition on for much longer? B: I don’t think so.
referring back to something that has been said
2. Rewrite the dialogue using so where possible. A: Is John coming to the exhibition? B: Yes, I think that he is.
A: Great. When’s he going to arrive? B: Oh, about 7 o’clock.
A: OK, good. I don’t know how many people are coming today. We had such a large number of people yesterday that we had to close the doors.
B: It’s definitely one of our most successful exhibitions. How did you manage to attract this number of people?
A: Just adverts in newspapers and magazines. You advertise to inform people and then they come — it’s as simple as that.
3. Listen and check. A: Is John coming to the exhibition? B: Yes, I think so. A: Great. When’s he going to arrive? B: Oh, 7 o’clock or so. A: OK, good. I don’t know how many people are coming today. We had so many people yesterday that we had to close the doors. B: It’s definitely one of our most successful exhibitions. How did you manage to attract so many people? Reading & Speaking A: Just adverts in newspapers and magazines. You advertise so that people know about it, and then 1. Work in pairs. You are going to read an e-mail from a British girl who has recently moved to Japan. What they come — it’s as simple as that. aspects of Japanese culture do you think she mentions? 7d
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2. Read the e-mail and check your ideas. What is Heather’s attitude to the cultural aspects she mentions? Sleeping: She doesn’t like getting up early and likes the futons. Food: She likes the food and the sushi restaurants, although doesn’t like raw fish. She’s used to eating with chopsticks. Shopping: She thinks this is fun because she is never quite sure what she is buying and there are unusual things available. Vending machines: She is surprised how many there are and what you can buy from them. Social factors: She says everyone is really polite. 3. Find examples of the following in the e-mail. abbreviations • exclamations
colloquial misspellings• informal linking words grammatical inaccuracies •Abbreviations: BTW (by the way), v. (very) •Exclamations: slurp!, ugh!, huh?, doh!, no kidding •Colloquial misspellings: coz, tho', 'n' •Informal linking words: tho' (though)
4. Work in pairs. Find statements in the e-mail which tell you that Heather ...
1) has started to adapt to life in Japan.
I’m gradually getting used to my new life here. 2) didn’t get up early before she moved to Japan. I’m not used to getting up so early. 3) doesn’t like all Japanese food.
I don’t think I’m ever going to get used to raw fish. 4) finds the packaging in shops confusing. don’t always know what I’m buying.
5) thinks the Japanese are innovative and imaginative. what will they come up with next, I ask myself?
6) believes the Japanese are genuinely respectful of others. how polite everyone is — and they really seem to mean it!
5. Translate the following sentences into English. 1) 这种胶水黏合性不好。 (stick) This kind of glue doesn’t stick very well. 2) 他们把这家人当成客人接待。(treat)
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They treated the family as guests.
3) 我尽力按时完成了这项工程。(manage to do) I managed to finish the project on time.
4) 他可能不在家，但我还是要去碰碰运气。(off-chance, anyway) He may not be in, but I shall call on the off-chance anyway.
5) 史密斯没有回复我们的邀请，显然他是改变主意了。 (apparently) Smith didn’t answer our invitation; apparently he’s changed his mind. Language Focus : be used to / get used to
Practice
1. Complete the sentences with an appropriate form of the words in brackets.
1) I was nervous when I started teaching as I wasn’t used to speaking (be used to / speak) in front of an audience.
2) When I moved to Spain it took me ages _____to get used to meeting_______________ (get used to / meet) friends so late at night.
3) The only problem she’s having in India is that she _________isn’t used to eating________ (be used to / eat) such spicy food.
4) In the USA, British people find it hard to _______get used to driving____________(get used to / drive) on the wrong side of the road.
2. Work in pairs. Would you like to live in a country with a very different culture to yours? What would you find it difficult to adapt to?
I’d like to live in Brazil, but I’m not used to hot weather. 3. Translate the following sentences into English. 他们习惯吃生鱼。 They’re used to raw fish. 2) 她习惯这里炎热的气候。 She is used to the hot weather here. 3) 我们习惯于一起工作。 We are used to working together.
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4) 两个月后他对新环境习惯了。
After two months he had got used to the new environment. 5) 起初我感觉英国的饮食很怪，但很快就适应了。
The food in England was strange to me at first, but I soon got used to it.
Lesson 3 Worlds Apart
Learning Objectives:
1. Understanding an extract from a travel book. 2. Describing geographical and physical features.
3. Describing certainty and uncertainty using a variety of different grammatical forms and items.
Reading
1. Look at the photos and answer the questions. 1) Where do you think they were taken? 2) What elements tell you this?
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3) What do you think life is like for people who live here?
the Democratic Republic of Congo in central Africa
2. Read the introduction to a book describing a journey in the Democratic Republic of Congo in central Africa. What things do you think Kengefound strange and confusing?
3. Read the extract from Colin Turnbull’s book and check your ideas. Which of these things did Kenge confuse? Why was he confused in each case?
the mountains — He thought they were large hills.
snow — He thought they were white rocks.
buffalo — He thought they were insects.
a boat on the lake — He thought it was a floating
piece of wood.
4. Read the text again and choose the correct option to complete the sentences. 1) The storm ...
a) was a common occurrence. b) only lasted for a few seconds.
c) showed a clear view of the mountains.
2) The mountains were ... a) capped with white snow.
b) actually low hills in the forest. c) completely covered in dense forest. 3) The buffalo were ...
a) going to provide Kenge with food. b) twice as big as the forest buffalo. c) actually small insects.
4) Kenge mistook the buffalo for insects because ...
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a) he was not used to seeing things far away. b) it was the first time he had ever seen them. c) they were near some trees.
5. Match the English expressions in Column A with the Chinese expressions in Column B. Column AColumn B
a) mighty range of mountains 1. 在露天，在野外 b) be exposed to2. 睁大眼睛使劲看 c) snow-capped peaks 3. 升入
d) rise into 4. 考虑到所有情况/限制等（因素） e) make an allowance5. 使暴露于
f) roar with laughter 6. 白雪覆盖的山峰 g) strain one’s eyes 7. 崇山峻岭 h) in the open 8. 刮掉泥巴
i) scrape the mud off 9. 开怀大笑
Vocabulary : Descriptive adjectives
1. Find words in the first paragraph that form collocations with these descriptive adjectives. 1) violent ________ 2) mighty ________ 3) dense ________ 4) steep ________ 5) jagged ________ 6) wild ________
2. Which other nouns collocate with the aboveadjectives? Use your dictionaries and compare with your partner.
violent: behaviour, attack, reaction
steep: hill, valley
mighty: empire, power
jagged: edge, glass
dense: population, vegetation
wild: party, animal, night
Language Focus : Certainty & uncertainty
Practice
1. Complete the dialogue with the words in the box.
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A: What are those animals over there?
B: They’re _________ buffalo. There are loads round here. A: What? They ______ be buffalo. They’re far too small. B: I’m not sure then — they ______ be antelopes.
A: It’s _______ they’re antelopes. They haven’t got horns. B: I have no idea what they are then!
2. Replace the expressions in bold with the ones inthebox.
A: What are those animals over there?
B: They’re ______buffalo. There are loads round here.
A: What? They ______ be buffalo. They’re far too small. B: I’m not sure then ______ be antelopes.
A: It’s ______ they’re antelopes. They haven’t got horns. B: I have no idea what they are then! Listen and check.
A: What are those animals over there?
B: I should think they’re buffalo. There are loads
round here.
A: What? There’s no way they’re buffalo. They’re far
too small.
B: I’m not sure then. I suppose they’re antelopes.
Which of the expressions in the two exercises express a) probability, b) possibility and c) improbability? a — I should think they’re, they’re probably
b — They might be, I suppose
c — It’s unlikely, I doubt they’re, they can’t be, there’s no way
3. Complete the sentences with the words in the box.
1) Unless we leave now there’s no way we’ll arrive on time.
2) Simon isn’t answering the phone — I ________ he’s gone out somewhere. 3) Kerry’s nearly always on time so I ________ think she’ll be late.
4) Jim and Sasha have both got a lot of work to do so I __________ they’ll want to come out tonight. 5) Terri passed her driving test today so I __________ think she’ll be going out to celebrate.
4. Imagine a friend has asked you to go travelling in Africa. Answer these questions using the expressions from the Language Focus box. 1) What sort of things would you see there?
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2) What would the weather / food / people / places be like? 3) What would you find most interesting? 4) What would you find most difficult?
Lesson 4 The Other Side of the Story
Learning Objectives: 1. Re-telling a story. 2. Discussing fairy tales.
3. Understanding an alternative version of a fairy tale. 4. Contrasting uses of reckon.
5. Discussing fairy tales and traditional stories. 6. Reading alternative versions of the same story. 7. Vocabulary: Describing character.
Speaking & Reading
1. Work in pairs. Discuss the following questions.
1) What kind of stories did you like when you were a child? Why did you like them?
2) Look at the picture of a well-known fairy tale. Do you know which one it is?
3) What other fairy tales do you know?
The picture is from the story “Three Little Pigs”.
2. Use the words in the box to tell the story of the “Three Little Pigs”. Turn to page 176 and read a summary of the
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story. How many details did you remember correctly?
3. Listen again. Are these statements true (T) or false (F), according to the wolf? If false, explain why. 1) The first little pig asked the wolf to help him. 2) It’s understandable that the wolf ate the first pig.
3) The second pig was unlucky because strong winds are rare in that area. 4) The wolf ate the second pig as a mark of respect.
5) The wolf tried to tell the third pig that his life wasin danger. 6) The Press is to blame for giving the wolf a bad reputation.
The Real Thing : Reckon
1. Listen to these sentences from Transcript 6.4. What is the meaning of reckon here? Everybody reckons they know this story ...
And how do you reckon the third little pigthanked the wolf ...? Everybody reckons = thinks / believes (expressing an opinion)
how do you reckon = think / suppose / guess (asking for an opinion)
2. Listen to two conversations. What are the speakers talking about in each case? (1)about Mark and Jenny’s relationship
2) about a party, guests have just arrived, host is stressed out because there are lots of people there.
3. Listen again. What does reckon mean in each? What do you reckon about ...? I hadn’t reckoned on ...
What do you reckon (about)? — What’s youropinion of? I hadn’t reckoned on…— expected
4. Ask your partner for his / her opinion on a current issue (e.g. a sports result, a politician / celebrity,a recent world event ...). Use I reckon or What do you reckon (about) ...?
Reading & Speaking
1. Answer these questions about another fairy tale.
1) Do you know the story of Cinderella? If not, ask your teacher questions to find out what happens. 2) Does this fairy tale, or a similar one, exist in your country?
2. Work in pairs. You are each going to read a different version of the same story. Student A: Read “The story of Little Burnt-Face” on page 84. Student B: Read “The story of the horned sheep” on page 181.
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1) What similarities and differences are there between “Cinderella” and the story you read? 2) Make notes about the main characters and events in the story. 3) Use your notes to tell your partner the story in your own words.
4) Listen to your partner’s story. Make notes on the similarities and differences between this story and the one you read. 5) Decide together which story is more similar to “Cinderella”. 3. Discuss the following questions.
1) Why do people like to tell each other traditional stories like fairy tales?
2) Traditional stories from different countries and cultures are often very similar. Why do you think this is?
4. Translate the following sentences into English. 1)这位司机经常违反交通规则。 (disobey) The driver often disobeyed traffic regulations. 2)别对这个小姑娘大喊大叫。(shout at) Don’t shout at the little girl.
3)除他以外，我们都去参观了展览。 (except) Everyone except him went to see the exhibition. 4)这样的劣质产品是他们公司的一大耻辱。(disgrace) Such inferior goods are a disgrace to their company. 5)他羞愧地认识到自己从未感谢过她的关心。(shame)
He realized to his shame that he never thanked her for her kindness.
Vocabulary : Describing character
1. These adjectives appeared in the two traditional stories. Which describe positive character traits and which describe negative ones?
Positive: cheerful, generous, sympathetic,
charming
Negative: jealous, moody
2. Add the correct suffixes to the word stems below to make more adjectives for describing character. Add the words to the table.
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3. Which adjective(s) would you use to describe the following people?
1) Someone who likes listening to people’s problems and trying to help them. sympathetic
2) Someone who is happy and friendly one day and miserable and unsociable the next. moody
3) A person who is self-confident and not afraid to speak to other people. outgoing
4) A person who knows when to say nothing! tactful
5) Someone who complains about small things or pays unnecessary attention to detail. fussy
6) A person who makes rude comments, but usually in an amusing way. Cheeky
4. Choose four of the adjectives from the table to describe people you know.
My new boss is so cheerful — he’s always smiling and in a good mood. 精品文档word文档可以编辑！谢谢下载！
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