2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题含答案解析(三套全)

2021-03-26 来源：客趣旅游网

2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案（第一套）

“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。” PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying\"Respectothers,andyouwillberespected.\"youcanciteexamplestoilustrateyourviews.youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200。 PartII

Listeningcomprehension(30miutes) Sectiona

Directions:inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversationsattheendofeachcomversationyouwillhearfourquestions.boththecomversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.afieryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkeda,b)candd).thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswerSheetiwithasinglelinethroughthecentre. Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard 1.a)theyrewardbusinessesthateliminatefoodwast b)theyprohibitthesaleoffoodsthathavegonestale c)theyfacilitatethedonationofunsoldfoodstotheneedy d)theyforbidbusinessestoproducemorefoodsthanneeded 2.a)itimposedpenaltiesonbusinessesthatwastefood b)itpassedalawaimingtostopoverproduction? C)itvotedgainstfoodimportfromoutsideeurope d)itprohibitedthepromotion?ofbulkfoodsales. 3.a)ithaswarmeditspeopleagainstpossiblefoodshortage. b)ithaspenalizedbusinessesthatkeepoverproducingfoods c)ithasstartedanationwidecampaignagainstfoodwaste. d)ithasbannedsupermarketsfromdumpingediblefoods.

4.a)theconfusionoverfoodexpirationlabels. b)thesurplusresultingfromoverproduction c)americans'habitofbuyingfoodinbulk d)alackofregulationonfoodconsumption

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 5.a)ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign. b)ithasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales c)itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround d)itspecializesinthesaleofladiesdesignerdresses 6.a)pricereductionsforitsfrequentcustomers. b)couponsforcustomerswithbulkpurchases. c)freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers. d)priceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase. 7.a)mailagiftcardtoher. b)allowhertobuyoncredi c)creditittoheraccount d)givehersomecoupons. 8.a)refundingforgoodsreturned b)freeinstallingofappliances. c)prolongedgoodswarranty. d)complimentarytailoring Sectionb

Directions:inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearIreeorfourquestions.boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonceAfteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkeda,b,candd).thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre. Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard 9.a)theyarethin,tall,andunlikerealhumanbeings. b)theyhavemorethantwentydifferenthairtextures c)theyhavetwenty-fourdifferentbodyshapesintotal d)theyrepresentpeoplefromvirtuallyallwalksoflife. 10.a)theydonotreflectyounggirlsaspirations b)theyarenotsoldtogetherwiththeoriginal c)theirflatfeetdonotappealtoadolescents d)theirbodyshapeshavenotchangedmuch 11.a)intoystores b)inshoppingmalls. c)ontheinternet d)atbarbieshops Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 12.a)moveablemetaltypebegantobeusedinprinting b)chineseprintingtechnologywasfirstintroduce c)theearliestknownbookwaspublished d)metaltypewasimportedfromkorea 13.a)ithadmorethanahundredprintingpresses. b)itwasthebiggestprinterinthe16thcentury. c)ithelpedthegermanpeoplebecomeliterate.

d)itproducedsome20millionvolumesintotal 14.a)itpushedhandwrittenbooksoutofcirculation. b)itboostedthecirculationofpopularworks. c)itmadewritingaveryprofitablecareer. d)itprovidedreaderswithmorechoices.

15.a)itacceleratedtheextinctionofthelatinlanguage. b)itstandardizedthepublicationofgrammarbooks. c)turnedtranslationintoawelcomeprofession. d)itpromotedthegrowthofnationallanguages Sectionc

c)thecultureofyourtargetcompany. d)theworkenvironmentyouwillbein.

19.a)itisasimportantaschristmasforafrican-americans. b)itisaculturalfestivalfoundedforafrican-americans. c)itisanancientfestivalcelebratedbyafrican-americans. d)itisareligiousfestivalcelebratedbyafrican-americans 20.a)tourgeafrican-americanstodomoreforsociety. b)tocallonafrican-americanstoworshiptheirgods c)tohelpafrican-americanstorealizetheirgoals. d)toremindafrican-americansoftheirsufferings. 21.a)faithinself-determination b)thefirstfruitsoftheharvest c)unityandcooperativeeconomics dcreativeworkandachievement. 22.a)theyreciteaprinciple b)theytakeasolemnoath c)theydrinkwinefromtheunitycup d)theycallouttheirancestors'names.

Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard 23.a)itisoneoftheworld'smosthealthydiets. b)itcontainslargeamountsofdairyproducts. c)itbegantoimpacttheworldinrecentyears. d)itconsistsmainlyofvariouskindsofseafood.

4.a)itinvolved13,000researchersfromasia,europeandamerica. b)itwasconductedinsevenmid-easterncountriesinthe1950s c)itisregardedasoneofthegreatestresearchesofitskind. d)ithasdrawntheattentionofmedicaldoctorstheworldover. 25.a)theycaremuchabouttheirhealth. b)theyeatfoodswithlittlefat. ?c)theyuselittleoilincooking d)theyhavelowermortalityrates PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes) SectionA

InNigeria,wheretomatoesareastapleoflocaldiets,theinsect'seffectsaredevastating.Retailpricesfora???30??oftomatoesatlocalmarketshaverisenfrom$0.50to$2.50.Farmersarereportingsteeplossesandanew$20milliontomato-pastefactoryhas???31??productionduetotheshortages.

Giventhemoth'sabilityalsotoattackcropslikepepperandpotatoes,?AuduOgbeh,Nigeria'sministerofagriculture,haswarnedthatthepestmay\"createseriousproblemsforfood???32?\"inthecountry.Ogbehsaysexpertsareinvestigatinghowtocontrolthepest’sdamageandpreventitsspread,whichhasgonelargely???33?untilnow. Despitebeingthecontinent'ssecond-largestproduceroftomatoes,Nigeriais?34???on$1billionworthoftomato-pasteimportseveryyear.asaround75%ofthelocalharvestgoestowastethankstoalackofproperstoragefacilities.Afurther?35??inlocalsuppliesisyetanotherunwelcomesetbacktotheindustry.

A)?dependent??????????????????I）originated B)?Embarking??????????????????J)reduction C)?emergenc???????????????????K)reproduces D)?feeding????????????????????L）security E)?grazes?????????????????????M）terror F)?halted?????????????????????N)unchecked G)?handful????????????????????O）unchecked H)?multitude SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2. who'sreallyaddictingyoutoTechnology? A.\"Nearlyeveryoneiknowisaddictedinsomemeasuretotheinternet,\"wrotetonySchwartzinTheNewYorkTimes.it'sacommoncomplaintthesedays.Asteadystreamofsimilarheadlinesaccusethenetanditsoffspringapps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction

B.There'slittledoubtthatnearlyeveryonewhocomesincontactwiththenethasdifficultyconcentrationthanittakestopostastatusupdate.asonepersonironicallyputitinthecommentssectionofSchwartz'sonlinearticle,\"AsIwasreadingthisveryexcellentarticle.Istoppedatleasthalfadozentimestocheekmyemail.

C.There'ssomethingdifferentaboutthistechnology:itisbothinvasiveandpersuasive.butwho'satfaultforitsoveruse？Tofindsolutions,it'simportanttounderstandwhatwe’redealingwith.Therearefourpartiesconspiringtokeepyouconnectedthetech,yourboss,yourfriendsandyou.

D.Thetechnologiesthemselvesandtheirmakers,aretheeasiestsuspectstoblameforourdiminishingattentionspans.NicholasCarr,authorofTheShallows：

whattheinternetisdoingOurbrains,wrote,Thenetisdesignedtobeaninterruptionsystem,amachinegearedtodividingattention. E.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,twitterandthelike,arecalledoutofmanipula-tion--making，

productssogoodthatpeoplecan'tstopusingthem.afterstudyingtheseproductsforseveralyears,Iwroteabookabouthowtheydoit.Ilearneditallstartswiththebusinessmodel.sincetheseservicesrelyonadvertisingrevenue,Themorefrequentlyyouusemoneytheymake.It’snowinderthesecompaniesemployteamsofpeoplefocusedonengineeringtheirservicestobeasengagingaspossible.theseproductsaren'thabit-formingbychance;it'sbydesign.theyhaveanincentivetokeepushooked.

F.However,asgoodastheseservicesare,therearesimplestepswecantaketokeepthematbay.Forexample,wecanchangehowoftenwereceivethedistractingnotificationsthattriggeroururgetocheck.Accordingtoadammarchick,ceoofmobilemarketingcompanykahuna,lessthan15percentofsmartphoneuserseverbothertoadjusttheirnotificationsetlings--meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaulttotheappmakers'everypresettrigger.GoogleandApplehavemadeitfartoodifficulttoadjustthesesettingssoit'suptoustotakestepsensurewesetthesetriggerstosuitourownneeds,nottheneedsoftheappmakers. G.WhilecompanieslikeFacebookharvestattentiontogeneraterevenuefromadvertisers,othertechnologieshavenosuchagenda.takeemail,forexample.thissystemcouldn'tcarelesshowoftenyouuseit.Yettomany,emailisthemosthabit-formingmediumofall.Wecheckemailatallhoursoftheday--we'reobsessed,butwhy?Becausethat'swhatthebosswants.Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,Aslow

Responsetoamessagecould?hurtnotonlyyourreputationbutalsoyourlivelihood. H.Yourfriendsarealsoresponsible.Thinkaboutthisfamiliarscene.Peoplegatheredaroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachotherscompany.there'slaughterandabitofkidding.Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.Barelyanyonenoticesandnoonesaysathing. I.Nowimaginethesamedinner,butinsteadofcheckingtheirphone,thepersonbelches(打嗝）

-loudly.Everyonenotices.unlessthemealtakesplaceinabeerhouse,thisisconsideredbadmanners.Theimpoliteactviolatesthebasicrulesofetiquette.onehastowonderwhydon’tweapplythesamesocialnormstocheckingphonesduringmeals,meetingsandconversationsaswedotootherantisocialbehaviorssomehow,weacceptitandsaynothingwhensomeoneoffends. J.Therealityistakingone'sphoneoutatthewrongtimeisworsethanbelchingbecause,unlikeotherminoroffense,checkingtechiscontagious.onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,otherpeoplefeelcompelledtodothesame,startingachainreaction.themorepeopleareontheirphones,thefewerpeoplearetalkinguntilfinallyyouaretheonlyoneleftnotreadingemailorcheckingtwitter.fromasocietalperspective,phonecheckingislesslikebelchinginpublicandmorelikeanotherbadhabit.ourphonesarelikecigarettes-somethingtodowhenwereboredorwhenourfingersneedsomethingtotoywithseeingothersenjoyasmoke,orsneakaquickglance,istootemptingtoresistandsooneveryoneisdoingit.

K.Thetechnology,yourboss,andyourfriends,allinfluencehowoftenyoufindyourselfusing(oroverusing)thesegadgets.butthere'sstillsomeonewhodeservesscrutiny--thepersonholdingthephone.?

L.?Ihaveaconfession.eventhoughistudyhabit-formingtechnologyforaliving,disconnectingisnoteasyforme.I'monlinefarmorethanI'dlikelikeSchwartzandsomanyothers,Ioftenfindmyselfdistractedandofftack.Iwantedtoknowwhysoibeganself-monitoringto?trytounderstandmybehavior.that'swhenidiscoveredanuncomfortabletruth.iusetechnologyasanescape.whenI'mdoingsomethingI'drathernotdo,orwhenI'msomeplaceI'drathernotattentionwasoftenagoodthing,likewhenpassingtimeonpublictransportation,butfrequentlymytechusewasnotsobenign.whenifaceddifficultwork,likethinkingthroughanarticleideaoreditingthesamedraftforthehundredthtime,forexample,amoresinisterscreenwoulddrawmein.icouldeasilyescapeansweringemailorbrowsingingthewebunderthepretenseofso-called\"research.\"thoughIdesperatelywantedtolayblameelsewhere,ifinallyhadtoadmitthatmybadhabitshadlesstodowithnew-age.technologyandmoretodowithold-fashionedprocrastination(拖延）

M.it'seasytoblametechnologyforbeingsodistracting,butdistractionisnothingnew.AristotleandSocratesdehatednatureof?“akrasia”--ourtendencytodothingsagninstourinterests.Ifwe'rehonestwithourselves,techisjustanotherwaytooccupyourtimeandminds,ifweweren’tonourdevices.?We’dlikelydosimilarlyunproductive. N.personaltechnologyisindeedmoreengagingthanever,andthere'snodoubtcompaniesareengineeringtheirproductsandservicestobemorecompellingandattractivebutwouldwantitanyotherwaytheintendedresultofmakingsomethingbetteristhatpeopleuseitmore.that'snotnecessarilyaproblem,that'sprogress. O.Theseimprovementsdon'tmeanweshouldn'tattempttocontrolouruseoftechnology.?Inordertomakesureitdoesn'tcontrolus,weshouldcometotermswiththefactthatit'smorethanthetechnologyitselfthat’sresponsibleforourhabits.ourworkplaceculture,socialnornsandindividualbehaviorsallplayaparttoputtechnologyinitsplace,wemustbeconsciousnotonlyofhowtechnologyischanging,butalsoofhowitischangingus. 36.Onlineservicesaresodesignedthatthemoretheyareused,themoreprofittheygenerate. 37.?Theauthoradmitsusingtechnologyasanescapefromthetaskathand. 38.?Checkingphonesatdinnersisnowacceptedasnormalbutnotbelching 39.?Tomakeproperuseoftechnology,weshouldnotonlyincreaseourawarenessofhowitischangingbutalsohowitisimpactingus. 40.?Mostofusfindithardtofocusonourimmediatetasksbecauseofinternetdistractions 41.?whenonepersonstartscheckingtheirphone,theotherswillfollowsuit.

42.Thegreatmajorityofsmartphoneusersdon'ttakethetroubletoadjusttheirsettingstosuittheirownpurposes. 43.Theinternetisregardedbysomeasdesignedtodistractourattention.

44.?Theauthorattributeshistechaddictionchieflytohishabitofputtingoffdoingwhatheshould 45.White-collarworkerscheckemailroundtheclockbecauseitisrequiredbytheiremployers SectionB

who'sreallyaddictingyoutoTechnology?

A.\"Nearlyeveryoneiknowisaddictedinsomemeasuretotheinternet,\"wrotetonySchwartzinTheNewYorkTimes.it'sacommoncomplaintthesedays.Asteadystreamofsimilarheadlinesaccusethenetanditsoffspringapps,socialmediasitesandonlinegamesofaddictingustodistraction B.There'slittledoubtthatnearlyeveryonewhocomesincontactwiththenethasdifficultyconcentrationthanittakestopostastatusupdate.asonepersonironicallyputitinthecommentssectionofSchwartz'sonlinearticle,\"AsIwasreadingthisveryexcellentarticle.Istoppedatleasthalfadozentimestocheekmyemail. C.There'ssomethingdifferentaboutthistechnology:itisbothinvasiveandpersuasive.butwho'satfaultforitsoveruse？Tofindsolutions,it'simportanttounderstandwhatwe’redealingwith.Therearefourpartiesconspiringtokeepyouconnectedthetech,yourboss,yourfriendsandyou. D.Thetechnologiesthemselvesandtheirmakers,aretheeasiestsuspectstoblameforourdiminishingattentionspans.NicholasCarr,authorofTheShallows：whattheinternetisdoingOurbrains,wrote,Thenetisdesignedtobeaninterruptionsystem,amachinegearedtodividingattention. E.OnlineserviceslikeFacebook,twitterandthelike,arecalledoutofmanipula-tion--making，productssogoodthatpeoplecan'tstopusingthem.afterstudyingtheseproductsforseveralyears,Iwroteabookabouthowtheydoit.Ilearneditallstartswiththebusinessmodel.sincetheseservicesrelyonadvertisingrevenue,Themorefrequentlyyouusemoneytheymake.It’snowinderthesecompaniesemployteamsofpeoplefocusedonengineeringtheirservicestobeasengagingaspossible.theseproductsaren'thabit-formingbychance;it'sbydesign.theyhaveanincentivetokeepushooked. F.However,asgoodastheseservicesare,therearesimplestepswecantaketokeepthematbay.Forexample,wecanchangehowoftenwereceivethedistractingnotificationsthattriggeroururgetocheck.Accordingtoadammarchick,ceoofmobilemarketingcompanykahuna,lessthan15percentofsmartphoneuserseverbothertoadjusttheirnotificationsetlings--meaningtheremaining85percentofusdefaulttotheappmakers'everypresettrigger.GoogleandApplehavemadeitfartoodifficulttoadjustthesesettingssoit'suptoustotakestepsensurewesetthesetriggerstosuitourownneeds,nottheneedsoftheappmakers.

G.WhilecompanieslikeFacebookharvestattentiontogeneraterevenuefromadvertisers,othertechnologieshavenosuchagenda.takeemail,forexample.thissystemcouldn'tcarelesshowoftenyouuseit.Yettomany,emailisthemosthabit-formingmediumofall.Wecheckemailatallhoursoftheday--we'reobsessed,butwhy?Becausethat'swhatthebosswants.Foralmostallwhite-collarjobs,Aslow

Responsetoamessagecould?hurtnotonlyyourreputationbutalsoyourlivelihood.

H.Yourfriendsarealsoresponsible.Thinkaboutthisfamiliarscene.Peoplegatheredaroundatable,enjoyingfoodandeachotherscompany.there'slaughterandabitofkidding.Then,duringanintervalintheconversation,someonetakesouttheirphonetocheckwhoknowswhat.Barelyanyonenoticesandnoonesaysathing.

I.Nowimaginethesamedinner,butinsteadofcheckingtheirphone,thepersonbelches(

打

嗝

）

J.Therealityistakingone'sphoneoutatthewrongtimeisworsethanbelchingbecause,unlikeotherminoroffense,checkingtechiscontagious.onceonepersonlooksattheirphone,otherpeoplefeelcompelledtodothesame,startingachainreaction.themorepeopleareontheirphones,thefewerpeoplearetalkinguntilfinallyyouaretheonlyoneleftnotreadingemailorcheckingtwitter.fromasocietalperspective,phonecheckingislesslikebelchinginpublicandmorelikeanotherbadhabit.ourphonesarelikecigarettes-somethingtodowhenwereboredorwhenourfingersneedsomethingtotoywithseeingothersenjoyasmoke,orsneakaquickglance,istootemptingtoresistandsooneveryoneisdoingit. K.Thetechnology,yourboss,andyourfriends,allinfluencehowoftenyoufindyourselfusing(oroverusing)thesegadgets.butthere'sstillsomeonewhodeservesscrutiny--thepersonholdingthephone.? L.?Ihaveaconfession.eventhoughistudyhabit-formingtechnologyforaliving,disconnectingisnoteasyforme.I'monlinefarmorethanI'dlikelikeSchwartzandsomanyothers,Ioftenfindmyselfdistractedandofftack.Iwantedtoknowwhysoibeganself-monitoringto?trytounderstandmybehavior.that'swhenidiscoveredanuncomfortabletruth.iusetechnologyasanescape.whenI'mdoingsomethingI'drathernotdo,orwhenI'msomeplaceI'drathernotattentionwasoftenagoodthing,likewhenpassingtimeonpublictransportation,butfrequentlymytechusewasnotsobenign.whenifaceddifficultwork,likethinkingthroughanarticleideaoreditingthesamedraftforthehundredthtime,forexample,amoresinisterscreenwoulddrawmein.icouldeasilyescapeansweringemailorbrowsingingthewebunderthepretenseofso-called\"research.\"thoughIdesperatelywantedtolayblameelsewhere,ifinallyhadtoadmitthatmybadhabitshadlesstodowithnew-age.technologyandmoretodowithold-fashionedprocrastination(拖延） M.it'seasytoblametechnologyforbeingsodistracting,butdistractionisnothingnew.AristotleandSocratesdehatednatureof?“akrasia”--ourtendencytodothingsagninstourinterests.Ifwe'rehonestwithourselves,techisjustanotherwaytooccupyourtimeandminds,ifweweren’tonourdevices.?We’dlikelydosimilarlyunproductive. N.personaltechnologyisindeedmoreengagingthanever,andthere'snodoubtcompaniesareengineeringtheirproductsandservicestobemorecompellingandattractivebutwouldwantitanyotherwaytheintendedresultofmakingsomethingbetteristhatpeopleuseitmore.that'snotnecessarilyaproblem,that'sprogress.

O.Theseimprovementsdon'tmeanweshouldn'tattempttocontrolouruseoftechnology.?Inordertomakesureitdoesn'tcontrolus,weshouldcometotermswiththefactthatit'smorethanthetechnologyitselfthat’sresponsibleforourhabits.ourworkplaceculture,socialnornsandindividualbehaviorsallplayaparttoputtechnologyinitsplace,wemustbeconsciousnotonlyofhowtechnologyischanging,butalsoofhowitischangingus.

36.Onlineservicesaresodesignedthatthemoretheyareused,themoreprofittheygenerate.

37.?Theauthoradmitsusingtechnologyasanescapefromthetaskathand. 38.?Checkingphonesatdinnersisnowacceptedasnormalbutnotbelching

39.?Tomakeproperuseoftechnology,weshouldnotonlyincreaseourawarenessofhowitischangingbutalsohowitisimpactingus. 40.?Mostofusfindithardtofocusonourimmediatetasksbecauseofinternetdistractions 41.?whenonepersonstartscheckingtheirphone,theotherswillfollowsuit.

42.Thegreatmajorityofsmartphoneusersdon'ttakethetroubletoadjusttheirsettingstosuittheirownpurposes. 43.Theinternetisregardedbysomeasdesignedtodistractourattention. 44.?Theauthorattributeshistechaddictionchieflytohishabitofputtingoffdoingwhatheshould 45.White-collarworkerscheckemailroundtheclockbecauseitisrequiredbytheiremployers PartIV

Translation(30minutes) Directions:forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromchineseintoEnglish.youshouldwriteyouransweronanswersheet2. 太湖是中国东部的一个淡水湖,占地面积2250平方公里,是中国第三大淡水湖,仅次于鄱阳和洞庭。太湖约有90个岛屿,大小从几平方米到几平方公里不等。太湖以其独特的“太湖石”而闻名,太湖石常用于装饰中国传统园林。太湖也以高产的捕鱼业闻名。自上世纪70年代后期以来,捕捞鱼蟹对沿湖的居民来说极为重要,并对周边地区的经济作出了重大贡献。太湖地区是中国陶瓷(ceramics)业基地之一,其中宜兴的陶瓷厂家生产举世闻名的宜兴紫砂壶(clayteapot,) 2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案（第二套） PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying\"Seektounderstandothers,andyouwillbeunderstood\"youcanciteexamplestoilustrateyourviews.youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200。 PartII

Listeningcomprehension(30miutes) Sectiona

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 5.a)ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign. b)ithasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales c)itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround

d)itspecializesinthesaleofladiesdesignerdresses 6.a)pricereductionsforitsfrequentcustomers. b)couponsforcustomerswithbulkpurchases. c)freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers. d)priceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase. 7.a)mailagiftcardtoher. b)allowhertobuyoncredi c)creditittoheraccount d)givehersomecoupons. 8.a)refundingforgoodsreturned b)freeinstallingofappliances. c)prolongedgoodswarranty. d)complimentarytailoring Sectionb

c)theirflatfeetdonotappealtoadolescents d)theirbodyshapeshavenotchangedmuch 11.a)intoystores b)inshoppingmalls. c)ontheinternet d)atbarbieshops Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard. 12.a)moveablemetaltypebegantobeusedinprinting b)chineseprintingtechnologywasfirstintroduce c)theearliestknownbookwaspublished d)metaltypewasimportedfromkorea 13.a)ithadmorethanahundredprintingpresses. b)itwasthebiggestprinterinthe16thcentury. c)ithelpedthegermanpeoplebecomeliterate. d)itproducedsome20millionvolumesintotal 14.a)itpushedhandwrittenbooksoutofcirculation. b)itboostedthecirculationofpopularworks. c)itmadewritingaveryprofitablecareer. d)itprovidedreaderswithmorechoices.

15.a)itacceleratedtheextinctionofthelatinlanguage. b)itstandardizedthepublicationofgrammarbooks. c)turnedtranslationintoawelcomeprofession. d)itpromotedthegrowthofnationallanguages

Sectionc

Directions:inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkeda,b,candd)Thenmarkthecorrespondingletteronanswersheet1withasinglelinethroughcentre. Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard. 16.a)theygetboredafterworkingforaperiodoftime. b)theyspendanaverageofoneyearfindingajob. c)theybecomestuckinthesamejobfordecades. d)theychooseajobwithoutthinkingitthrough. 17.a)seeiftherewillbechancesforpromotion. b)findoutwhatjobchoicesareavailable. c)watchafilmaboutwaysofjobhunting. d)decidewhichjobismostattractivetoyou. 18.a)thequalificationsyouhave. b)thepayyouaregoingtoget. c)thecultureofyourtargetcompany. d)theworkenvironmentyouwillbein. 19.a)itisasimportantaschristmasforafrican-americans. b)itisaculturalfestivalfoundedforafrican-americans. c)itisanancientfestivalcelebratedbyafrican-americans. d)itisareligiousfestivalcelebratedbyafrican-americans 20.a)tourgeafrican-americanstodomoreforsociety. b)tocallonafrican-americanstoworshiptheirgods c)tohelpafrican-americanstorealizetheirgoals.

d)toremindafrican-americansoftheirsufferings. 21.a)faithinself-determination b)thefirstfruitsoftheharvest c)unityandcooperativeeconomics dcreativeworkandachievement. 22.a)theyreciteaprinciple b)theytakeasolemnoath c)theydrinkwinefromtheunitycup d)theycallouttheirancestors'names. Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard 23.a)itisoneoftheworld'smosthealthydiets. b)itcontainslargeamountsofdairyproducts. c)itbegantoimpacttheworldinrecentyears. d)itconsistsmainlyofvariouskindsofseafood. 4.a)itinvolved13,000researchersfromasia,europeandamerica. b)itwasconductedinsevenmid-easterncountriesinthe1950s c)itisregardedasoneofthegreatestresearchesofitskind. d)ithasdrawntheattentionofmedicaldoctorstheworldover. 25.a)theycaremuchabouttheirhealth. b)theyeatfoodswithlittlefat. c)theyuselittleoilincooking d)theyhavelowermortalityrates

PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)

SectionA

Thepacificislandnationofpalauhasbecomehometothesixthlargestmarine

world.thenewmarinereserve,nowthelargestinthepacific,will--26--nofishingormining.Palaualsoestablishedtheworld,firstsharksanctuaryin2009. Thetinyislandnationhassetaside500,000squarekilometres-80percent-ofitsmaritime--27--,forfullprotection,that'sthehighestpercentageofan--28--economiczonedevotedtoremaining20percentofthepalauseaswillbereservedforlocalfishingbyindividualsandsmall-scale--29--fishingbusinesseswithlimitedexports. \"island--30--havebeenamongthehardesthitbythethreatsfacingtheocean,\"saidpresident.Tommyremengesaujrinastatement.\"creatingthissanctuaryisaboldmovethatthepeopleofpalaurecogniseas31tooursurvival.wewanttoleadthewayinrestoringthehealthoftheoccanforfuturegeneration Palauhasonlybeenan_32nationfortwentyyearsandhasastronghistoryofenvironmentalprotection.itishometooneoftheworld'sfinestmarineecosystems,withmorethan1,300speciesoffishand700speciesofcoral. Senatorhokkonsbauleslead33ofthepalaunationalmarinesanctuaryact,saidthesanctuarywillhelpbuilda-34futureforthepalauanpeoplebyhonoringtheconservationtraditionsofourpast\".theseincludethecenturies-oldcustomof\"\emporarystoptofishingforkeyspeciesinordertogivefish35anopportunitytoreplenish(补充). a)allocate b)celebrities c)commercial d)communities e）essential f）exclusive g)independent h)indulge i)permit

j)secure k)solitary L)spectacle m)sponsor n)stocks o)temitory Datasharing:anopenmindonopendate [A]Itisamovementbuildingsteadymomentum:acalltomakeresearchdata,softwarecodeandexperimentalmethodspubliclyavailableandtransparent.aspiritofopennessisgainingacceptanceinthesciencecommunity,andistheonlyway,sayadvocates,toaddressa'crisis'inciencewherebytoofewfindingsaresuccessfullyreproduced.furthermore,theysay,itisthebestwayforresearcherstogathertherangeofobservationsthatarenecessarytospeedupdiscoveriesortoidentifylarge-scaletrends. [B]theopen-datashiftposesaconfusingproblemforjuniorresearchers.ontheonehand,thedrivetoshareisgatheringofficialsteam.since2013,globalscientificbodieshavebeguntobackpoliticsthatsupportincreasedpublicaccesstoreseach.ontheotherhand,scientistsdisagreeabouthowmuchandwhentheyshouldsharedate,andtheydebatewhethersharingit?ismorelikelytoacceleratescienceandmakeitmorerobust,ortointroducevulnerabilitiesandproblems.asmorejournalsandmakeitmorerobust,ortointroducevulnerabilitiesandproblems.asmorejournaland?fundersadoptdata-sharingrequirements,andasagrowingnumberofenthusiastscallformoreopenness,juniorresearchersmustfindtheirplacebetweenadoptersandthosewhocontinuetoholdout,evenastheystrivetolaunchtheirowncareers. [C]onekeychallengefacingyoungscientistsishowtobeopenwithoutbecomingscientificallyvulnerable.theymustdeterminetheriskofjeopardizingajobofferoracollaborationprosalfromthosewhoarewaryof-orunfamiliarwith-openscience.andtheymustlearnHowtocapitalizeonthemovement'sbenefitssuchasopportunitiesformorecitationsandawaytobuildareputationwithouttheneedforconventionalmetrics,suchaspublicationinhigh-impactjournals. [D]somefieldshaveembracedopendatamorethanothers.researchersinpsychology,afieldrockedbyfindingsofirreproducibilityinthepastfewyears,havebeenespeciallyvocalsup-portersofthedriveformore-openscience.Afewpsychologyjournalshavecreatedincentivestoincreaseinterestinreparopenscience.afewpsychologyjournalshavecreatedincentivesportersofthedriveformeluciblescience-forexample,byaffixingan\gistbriannoseexecutivedirectorofthecenterforopenscience,theaveragedata-sharingrateforthejournalPsychologicalscience,whichusesthebadges,increasedtenfoldto38%from2013to2015.

[E]funders,too,areincreasinglyadoptinganopen-datapolicy.severalstronglyergement,andsomerequire,adate-management?planthatmakesdataavailable.Theusnationalsciencefoundation?isamongthese,somephilanthropic(慈善

的)funders,includingthebillGatesfoundationinseattle,washington,andthewellcometrustinlondon,alopendatafromtheirgrantrecipients.

[F]?butmanyyoungresearchers,especiallythosewhohavenotbeenmentoredinopenscience.areuncertainaboutwhethertoshareortostayprivate.Graduatestudentsandpostdoes,whooftenareworkingontheirlabhead'sgrantmayhavenochoiceiftheirsupervisororanothersenioropposessharing.

[G]?somefearthatthepotentialimpactofsharingistoohigh,especiallyattheearlystagesofacareer.\"Everybodyhasascarystoryaboutsomeonegettingscooped(被抢

先),”saysnewYorkuniversityastronomerdavidhogg.thosefearsmaybeafactorinalingeringhesitationtosharedataevenwhenpublishinginjournalsthatmandateit.

[H]?researchersatsmalllabsoratinstitutionsfocusedonteachingarguablyhavethemosttolosewhensharinghard-wondata.\"\"withmyinstitutionandteachingload,idon'thavepostdocsandgradstudents\university,Dominguezhills.\"thestakesarehighertosharedatabecauseit'sabiggerfractionofhatshappeninginmylab. [I]?researchersalsopointtothetimesinkthatisinvolvedinpreparingdataforotherstoview.Oncethedataandassociatedmaterialsappearinarepository(存储库),answeringquestionsandhandlingcomplaintscantakemanyhours. [J]?thetimeinvestmentcanpresentotherproblems.insomecases,saysdatascientistkarthikRam,itmaybedifficultforjuniorresearcherstoembraceopennesswhenseniorcolleaguesmanyofwhomheadselectionandpromotionteeshtridiculewhattheymayviewasmisplacedenergies.\"i'veheardthisrecently-thatembracingtheideaofopendatadcodemakestraditionalacademicsuncomfortable,\"saysram.\"theconcemseemstobethatopenadvocatesdon'tspendtheirtimebeingasproductiveaspossible.\" [K]anopen-sciencestancecanalsoaddcomplexitytoacollaboration.kateratliff,whostudiessocialattitudesattheuniversityofflorida,gainesville,saysthatitcanseemasiftherearetwocampsinafield-thosewhocareaboutopenscienceandthosewhodon't.\"thereanew?areatonavigate-'areyoucoolwiththefactthati'llwanttomakethedataopen?'-whentalkingwithsomebodyaboutaninterestingresearchidea,\"shesays. [L]?despitecomplicationsandconcerns,theupsidesofsharingcanbesignificant.forexample,wheninformationisuploadedtoarepository,adigitalobjectidentifier(DOI)isassigned. ScientistscanuseaDOTtopublisheachstepoftheresearchlifecycle,notjustthefinalpaper.Insodoing,theycanpotentiallygetthreecitations-oneeachforthedataandsoftware.inadditiontothepaperitself.andalthoughsomesaythatcitationsforsoftwareordatahavelittlecurrencyinacademia,theycanhaveotherbenefits. [M]manyadvocatesthinkthattransparentdataprocedureswithadateandtimestampwillprotectscientistsfrombeingscooped.\"thisisthesweetspotbetweensharingandgettingcreditforit.whilediscouragingplagiarism(剽窃).\"saysivogrigorov,aprojectcoordinatoratthenaionalinstituteofaquaticresot

Researchsecreta-incharlottenlund,denmark.hoggsaysthatscoopingislessofaproblemthanmanythink.\"thetwocasesi'mfamiliarwithdidn'tinvolveopendataorcode,\"hesays.

[N]Opensciencealsooffersjuniorresearchersthechancetolevelthepalyingfieldbygainingbetteraccesstocrucialdate.rossmounce,apostdocstudyingevolutionarybiologyattheuniversityof?cambrige,UK,isavocalchampionofopenscience,partlybecausehi

sfossilothers'data.hesaysthatmoreopennessinsciencecouldhelptodiscouragewhatsomeperceiveasacommompracticeofshuttingoutearly-careerscientists'requestsfordata.

[O]communicationalsohelpsforthosewhoworryaboutjeopardizingacollaboration,hesays,Concemsaboutopenshouldbediscussedattheoutsetofastudy.\"wheneveryoustartaprojectwithsomeone,youhavetoestablishaclearunderstandingofexpectationsforwhoownsthedata,atwhatpointtheygopublicandwhocandowhatwiththem,hesays.

[p]intheend,sharingdata,softwareandmaterialswithcolleaguescanhelpanearly-careerresearchertogainrecognition--acrucialcomponentofsuccess.\"thethingyouaresearchingforreputation\"saystitusbrown,agenomics(基因组

学)researcherattheuniversityofCalifomia,davis,.\"togetgrantsandjobsyouhavetoberelevantandachievesomelevelofpublicrecognition.anythingyoudothatadvancesyourpresence-especiallyinalarger phere,outsidethecommunitiesyouknow-isanetwin.\" 36.astronomerdavidhoggdoesn'tthinkscoopingisasseriousaproblemasgenerallythought. 37.someresearchersarehesitanttomaketheirdatapublicforfearthatothersmightpublishsomethingsimilarbeforethem 38.somepsychologyjoumalshaveofferedincentivestoencourageauthorstosharetheirdata. 39.thereisagrowingdemandinthesciencecommunitythatresearchdatabeopentothepublic.40.sharingdataoffersearly-careerresearchersthechancetobuildacertainlevelofreputation 41.datasharingenablesscientiststopublisheachstepoftheirresearchwork,thusleadingtomorecitations 42.scientistsholddifferentopinionsabouttheextentandtimingofdatasharing 43.potentialproblemsrelatedtodatasharingshouldbemadeknowntoanddiscussedbyallparticipantsatthebeginningofajointresearchproject 44.sharingdataandhandlingdata-relatedissuescanbetime-consuming 45.juniorresearehersmayhavenosaywhenitcomestosharingdata.? Sectionc

Directions:thereare2passagesinthissection.eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatementsforeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkeda,b,c)andD)YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswersheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre. Passageone

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inthebeginningofthemovie,robot,arobothastodecidewhomtosaveaftertwocarsplungeintothewater-delspoonerorachild.eventhoughspoonerscreams\"savehersaveher!\"therobotrescueshimbecauseitcalculatesthathehasa45percentchanceofsurvivalcomparedtosarah's11percent.therobot'sdecisionanditscalculatedapproachraiseanimportantquestion: wouldhumansmakethesamechoice?andwhichchoicewouldwewantourroboticcounterpartsto?make?

?Isaacasimovevadedthewholenotionofmoralityindevisinghisthreelawsofrobotics,whichholdthat1.robotscannotharmhumansorallowhumanstocometoharm;2.robotsmustobeyhumans,exceptwheretheorderwouldconflictwithlawi;and3.robotsmustactinself-preservation,unlessdoingsoconflictswithlawsior2.theselawsareprogrammedintoasimov'srobots-theydon'thavetothink,judge,orvalue.theydon'thavetolikehumansorbelievethatwrongorbad.theysimplydon'tdoit. Therobotwhorescuesspoonerslifein/robotfollowsasimov'szerothlaw:robotscannotharmhumanity(asopposedtoindividualhumansorallowhumanitytocometoharm--anexpansionofthefirstlawthatallowsrobotstodeterminewhat'sinthegreatergood.underthefirstlaw,arobotcouldnotharmadangerousgunman,butunderthezerothlaw,arobotcouldkillthegunmantosaveothers. Whetherit'spossibletoprogramarobotwithsafeguardssuchasasimov'slawsisdebatableawordsuchas\"harm\"isvague(whataboutemotionalharmisreplacingahumanemployharm),andabstractconceptspresentcodingproblems.therobotsinasimov'sfictionexposecomplicationsandloopholesinthethreelaws,andevenwhenthelawswork,robotsstillhavetoassesssituation. Assessingsituationscanbecomplicated.arobothastoidentifytheplayers,conditions,andpossibeoutcomesforvariousscenarios,Itsdoubtfulthatacomputerprogramcandothat-aleast,notwithoutsomeundesirableresults.aroboticistatthebristolroboticslaboratoryprogrammedarobottosavehur oxies(5)called\"\"fromdanger.whenoneh-boheadedfordanger,therobotsuccessfullypusheditoutoftheway.butwhentwoh-botsbecamepercentofthetime,unabletodecidewhichtosaveandlettingthemboth\"die.\"theexperimenthighlightstheimportanceofmoralitywithoutit,howcanarobot decidewhomtosaveorwhat'sbestforhumanity,especiallyifitcan'tcalculatesurvivalodds? 46.whatquestiondoestheexampleinthemovieraise? a)whetherrobotscanreachbetterdecisions b)whetherrobotsfollowasimov'szero\" d)howrobotsshouldbeprogrammed.

47.whatdoestheauthorthinkofasimovsthreelawsofrobotics? a)theyareapparentlydivorcedfromreality. b)theydidnotfollowthecodingsystemofrobotics. c)theylaidasolidfoundationforrobotics.

d)theydidnottakemoralissuesintoconsideration. 48.whatdoestheauthorsayaboutasimov'srobots? atheyknowwhatisgoodorbadforhumanbeings b)theyareprogrammednottohurthumanbegings c)theyperformdutiesintheirowners'bestinterest. d)theystopworkingwhenamoralissueisinvolved. 49.whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningtheword\"harm\"inasimov'slaws? a)abstractconceptsarehardtoprogram. b)itishardforrobotstomakedecisions c)robotsmaydoharmincertainsituations d)asimov'slawsusetoomanyvagueterms 50.whathastheroboticistatthebristolroboticslaboratoryfoundinhisexperiment. a）robotscanbemadeasintelligentashumanbegingssomeday b)robotscanhavemoralissuesencodedintotheirprogram c)robotscanhavetroublemakingdecisionsincomplexscenarion. d)robotscanbeprogrammedtoperceivepotentialperils. PassageTwo Questions5ito55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ourworldnowmovessofastthatweseldomstoptoseejusthowfastweseldomstopto?seejusthowfarwuhavecomeinjustafewyear.ThelatestiPone6s,forexample,hasadual-coreproccssorandfitenicelyintoyourpocket.bycomparison,youwouldexpecttofindatechnologicalspecificationlikethisonyourtandardlaptopinanofficeanywhereintheworld.

itsnowondershatnewapplicationsfortheinternetofthingsaremovingahcadfastwhenalmosteverynewdecicewebuyhasaplupontheengofitorawirelessconnectiontotheinternet.Soon,ourcurrentsmartphonelifestylewil ateourownsmarthomelifestyletoo.

Allresearchesagreethatcloseto25billiondevices,thingsandsensorswillbeconnectedby?2020whichincidentallyisalsothemomentthatmillennials(千禧一

代)areexpectedtomakeupofouroverallworkforce,andthefullyconnectedhome.becomearealityforlargeumbersofpeopleworldwide.

Howeverthisisjustthetipoftheproverbialicebergassmartbuildingsandevencitiesincreasinglybecomethenormasleadersandbusinessownersbegintowakeupto?themassivesavingsthattechnologycandeliverthroughconnectedsensorsandnewformsofautomationcoupledwithligentenergyandfacilitiesmanagemen.

Onlinesecuritycameras,intelligentlightingandawealthofsensorsthatcontrolbothtemperatureandairqualityareofferinganunprecedentedlevelofcontrol,efficiency,andimprovementstohatwereonceclassednecessarycostswhenrunningabusinessormanagingalargebuilding. Wecanexpectthattheever-growinglistofdevices,systemsandenvironmentsremainconnected,alwaysonlineandtalkingtoeachother.thebigbenefitwillnotonlybeinthehousingofthisenormousandrapidlygrowingamountofdata,butwillalsobeintheabilitytorunrealtimedataanalyticstoextractactionableandongoingknowledge. Thebiggestandmostexcitingchallengeofthistechnologyishowtocreativelyleveragethisever-growingamountofdatatodelivercostsavings,improvementsandtangiblebenefitstobothbusinessesandcitizensofthesesmartcities Thegoodnewsisthatmostofthistechnologyisalreadyinvented.let'sfaceit,itwasn'ttoolongagothattheideaofworkingfromanywhereandatanytimewassomeformofadistantutopim(乌托邦式的)dream,andyetnowwecanperformalmostanyoffice-basedtaskfromanylocationintheworldaslongaswehaveaccesstotheinternet.

it'stimetowakeuptothefactthatmakingsmartbuildings,citiesandhomeswilldramaticallyimproveourqualityoflifeintheyearsahead.

51.Whatdoestheexampleofiphone6sservetoshow? a)thehugecapacityofthesmartphonespeoplenowuse b)thewidespreaduseofsmartphonesallovertheworld c)thehugeimpactofnewtechnologyonpeople'severydaylife. d)therapidtechnologicalprogressinaveryshortperiodoftime 52.whatcanweexpecttoseebytheyear2020? a)appsfortheinternetofthings c)theemergenceofmillennials

b)thepopularizationofsmarthomes. d)totalglobalizationoftheworld

53.whatwillbusinessownersdowhentheybecomeawareofthebenefitsoftheinternetofthings? a）employfewerworkersintheiroperations b)gainautomaticcontroloftheirbusinesse c)investinmoresmartbuildingsandcities d)embracewhatevernewtechnologythereis 54.whatisthemostexcitingchallengewhenwepossessmoreandmoredata? a)howtoturnittoprofitableuse c)howtolinktheactionablesystems b)howtodorealtimedataanalysis d)howtodevisenewwaystostoreit. 55.whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutworkingfromanywhereandatanytime? a)itisfeasiblewithaconnectiontotheinternet b)itwillthriveinsmartbuildings,citiesandhomes c)itisstilladistantutopiandreamforordinaryworkers d)itwilldelivertangiblebenefitstobothbossandworker PartIV

Translation(30minutes)

Directions:forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromchineseintoEnglish.youshouldwriteyouransweronanswersheet2.

洞庭湖位于湖南省东北部，面积很大，但湖水很浅。洞庭湖是长江的蓄洪池，湖的大校很大程度上取决于季节变化，湖北和湖南两省因其与湖的相对位置而得名，湖北意为“湖的北边”，而湖南则为“湖的南边”。洞庭湖作为龙舟赛的发源地，在中国文化中享有盛名。据说龙舟赛始于洞庭湖东

岸。为的是搜寻楚国爱国诗人屈原的遗体。龙舟赛与洞庭湖及周边的美景，每年都吸引着成千上万来自全国和世界各地的游客。参考答案：

PartIWriting范文

\"Seektounderstandothers,andyouwillbeunderstood\"Theenlightenmentofthissayingisnotlostinourerabutunwillingtounderstandothersseemsprevalent.Theimplicationofthismessageisthatpeoplecanunderstandeachotheraslongastheytrytodothisfirst;thereare,infact,manywhogetunderstoodbyothersbecausetheymanagetounderstandothersfirst.

Thereareseveralfactorstobetakenintoaccountwhenweagreeon“seektounderstandothers,andwillbeunderstood”:Onereasonisthattryingtounderstandotherscanshowyourkindnesstoothers.Otherpeoplewouldbethankful,soitiseasierforthemtoacceptyourideas.Ontheotherhand,itwillletyouthinkwhatotherpeoplethinksothatyoucangettoknowthembetter.Therefore,yourideaswouldhaveagreaterchancetobeunderstood.

Whenweseektounderstandothers,weelevatethegoodwillandteam-workspirit.Thereisastimulativeeffectthatkicksinwhenpeoplesharethisspirit.Byseekingtounderstandothers,weboostopportunityforfulfillingunderstandingbetweeneachother. PartIIListeningComprehension SectionA LongConversation1 1.【答案】C.Theyfacilitatethedonationofunsoldfoodtotheneedy. 2.【答案】B.Itpassedalawaimingtostopoverproduction. 3.【答案】D.Ithasbannedsupermarketsfromdumpingediblefood. 4.【答案】A.theconfusionoverfoodexpirationlabels. LongConversation2

5.【答案】B.Ithasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales. 6.【答案】D.Priceadjustmentwithinsevendaysofpurchase.

7.【答案】C.Creditittoheraccount. 8.【答案】D.Complimentarytailoring. SectionB Passage1

9.【答案】A.Theyarethin,tall,andunlikerealhumanbeings. 10.【答案】D.Theirbodyshapeshavenotchangedmuch. 11.【答案】C.OntheInternet. Passage2 12.【答案】A.Moveablemetaltypebegantobeusedinprinting. 13.【答案】B.Itwasthebiggestprinterinthe16thcentury. 14.【答案】B.Itboostedthecirculationofpopularworks. 15.【答案】D.Itpromotedthegrowthofnationallanguages. SectionC Recording1 16.【答案】D)Theychooseajobwithoutthinkingitthrough. 17.【答案】B)Findoutwhatjobchoicesareavailable. 18.【答案】A)Thequalificationsyouhave. Recording2

19.【答案】B)ItisaculturalfestivalfoundedforAfrican-Americans. 20.【答案】C)TohelpAfrican-Americanstorealizetheirgoals. 21.【答案】B)Thefirstfruitsoftheharvest. 22.【答案】A)Theyreciteaprinciple. Recording3

23.【答案】A)Itisoneoftheworld’smosthealthydiets.

24.【答案】C)Itisregardedasoneofthegreatestresearchersofitskind. 25.【答案】D)Theyhavelowermortalityrates.

PartIIIReadingComprehension SectionA 26.i)permit Thenewmarinereserve,nowthelargestinthePacific,willnofishingormining.? 该空考察will之后的动词原形，因此，结合上下句语境，不难得出该空为permit(允许零捕鱼区);? 27.o)territory Thetinyislandnationhassetaside500,000squarekilometers-80percent-ofitsmaritime.? 该空考察maritime后的搭配，考虑到形容词后的搭配，不难得出该空考察maritime后的名词为territory(小岛领土);? 28.f）exclusive That’sthehighestpercentageofaneconomiczonedevotedtomarineconservationbyanycountryintheworld.? 该空考察不定冠词an后的搭配，同时考虑空后的economic，可以得出exclusive(专属经济区);? 29.c)commercial byindividualsandsmall-scalefishingbusinesseswithlimitedexports? 该空考察individuals及small-scale后的搭配，根据上下文语境可以得出，该空答案为commercial(商业捕鱼区);? 30.d)communities

Islandhavebeenamongthehardesthitbythethreatsfacingtheocean.?

此处考察从句的主语部分，考虑前后文，可以得出“Islandcommunities”(小岛社区);? 31.e）essential

ThepeopleofPalaurecogniseastooursurvival.?

Recogniseas后接该空出所问的“这个大胆的一步”所处的地位，“essential”一词为正确答案(Palau地区居民认为的必需品);? 32.g)independent

Palauhasonlybeenannationfortwentyyearsandhasastronghistoryofenvironmentalprotection.? 此处考察搭配“anindependentnation”(独立的国家)，故根据前后搭配，答案很容易得出;? 33.m)sponsor

SenatorHokkonsBaules,leadofthePalauNationalMarineSanctuaryAct,said....? 该提出现在句中的同位语处，因此，考虑到这个人的身份，不难得出答案为sponsor(主要赞助商);? 34.j)secure Helpbuildafuture...? 该空考察搭配，“帮助建立...的未来”，因此，“安全的未来”符合语境，故选secure;? 35.n)stocks Callatemporarystoptofishingforkeyspeciesinordertogivefishanopportunitytoreplenish.? 此处考察搭配fish后的搭配，因此，“给...一个补充的机会”，因此，该空答案为fishstocks(鱼类);? sectionB 36M)AstronomerDavidHoggdoesn'tthinkscoopingisasseriousaproblemasgenerallythought. 37.G)someresearchersarehesitanttomaketheirdadapublicforfearthatothersmightpublishsomethingsimilarbeforethem. 38.D)somepsychologyjournalshaveofferedincentivestoencourageauthorstoharetheirdata. 39.A)thereisagrowingdemandinthesiencecommunitythatresearchdatabeopenthepublic. 40.P)sharingdataoffersearly-careerresarchersthechancetobuildacertainlevelofreputation. 41.C)Datasharingenablesscientiststopublisheachstepoftheirresearchwork. thusleadingtomorecitations.

42.B)scientistsholddifferentopinionsabouttheextentandtimingofdatasharing.

43.O)Potentialproblemsrelatedtodatasharingshouldbemadeknowntoanddiscussedbyallparticipantsatthebeginningofajointresearchproject.

44.F)sharingdataandhandlingdata-reatedissuescanbetime-consuming 45.F)juniorresearchersmayhavenosaywhenitcomestosharingdata. Sectionc 46.A 47.D 48.B 49.A 50.B 51.D 52.B 53.B 54.A 55.A

PartIVTranslation Dongtinglakeisalarge,shallowlakeinnortheasternhunanprovince,china.itisafloodbasinoftheyangtzeRiver.Hencethelake'ssizedependsontheseason.theprovincesofhubeiandhunanarenamedaftertheirlocationrelativetothelake:Hubeimeans\"northofthelakeandHunanmeans\"southofthelake.dongtinglakeenjoysagoodreputationinchinesecultureastheplaceoforiginofdragonboatracing.dragonboatracingissaidtohavebegunontheeasternshoresofDongtinglakeasasearchforthebodyofQuYuan,theChupatrioticpoet.DragonBoatracingandthebeautyofDongtingLakeandthesurroundingareaattractthousandsoftouristsathomeandabroadeachyear.

2017年12月英语六级考试真题及答案（第三套）

“考试采取“多题多卷”模式，试题顺序不统一，请依据试题进行核对。” PartIWriting(30minutes)

Directions:forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaycommentingonthesaying?\"Helpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed\"?youcanciteexamplestoilustrateyourviews.youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200。 PartII

Listeningcomprehension(30miutes) Sectiona Sectiona

Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 1、a)theyforbidbusinessproducemorefoodsthanneeded b)theyfacilitatethedonationofunsoldfoodstotheneedy c)theyprohibitthesaleoffoodsthathavegonestale d)theyrewardbusinessesthateliminatefoodwaste 2、a)itpassedalawaimingtostopoverproduction b)itprohibitedthepromotionofbulkfoodsales c)itvotedagainstfoodimportfromoutsideeurope d)imposedpenaltiesonbusinessesthatwastefood 3.a)ithaspenalizedbusinessesthatkeepoverproducingfoods b)ithasstartedanationwidecampaignagainstfoodwaste c)ithaswarmeditspeopleagainstpossiblefoodshortag d)ithasbannedsupermarketsfromdumpingediblefoods 4.a)americanshabitofbuyingfoodinbulk. b)alackofregulationonfoodconsumption. c)theconfusionoverfoodexpirationlabels d)thesurplusresultingfromoverproduction

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard. 5.a)itspecializesinthesaleofladies'designerdresses

b)itoffersregularweekendsalesalltheyearround c)ithasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales d)ithasstartedaweek-longpromotioncampaign. 6.a)pricereductionsforitsfrequentcustomers. b)couponsforcustomerswithbulkpurchases c)freedeliveryofpurchasesforseniorcustomers d)priceadjustmentswithinsevendaysofpurchase 7.a)mailagiftcardtoher. b)allowhertobuyoncredi c)creditittoheraccount d)givehersomecoupons 8.a)refundingforgoodsreturned b)freeinstallingofappliances. c)prolongedgoodswarranty. d)complimentarytailoring? Sectionb

9.a)theyarethin,tall,andunlikerealhumanbeings. b)theyhavemorethantwentydifferenthairtextures c)theyhavetwenty-fourdifferentbodyshapesintotal d)theyrepresentpeoplefromvirtuallyallwalksoflife. 10.a)theydonotreflectyounggirlsaspirations

b)theyarenotsoldtogetherwiththeoriginal c)theirflatfeetdonotappealtoadolescents d)theirbodyshapeshavenotchangedmuch 11.a)intoystores b)inshoppingmalls. c)ontheinternet d)atbarbieshops Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard 12.a)moveablemetaltypebegantobeusedinprinting b)chineseprintingtechnologywasfirstintroduce c)theearliestknownbookwaspublished d)metaltypewasimportedfromkorea ?13.a)itproducedsome20millionvolumesintotal b)ithelpedthegermanpeoplebecomeliterat c)itwasthebiggestprinterinthe16thcentury, d)ithadmorethanahundredprintingpresses. 14.a)itboostedthecirculationofpopularworks b)itprovidedreaderswithmorechoice c)itmadewritingaveryprofitablecareer d)itpushedhandwrittenbooksoutofcirculation 15.a)itacceleratetheextinctionofthelatinlanguage. b)itpromotedthegrowthofnationallanguages c)itturnedtranslationintoawelcomeprofessin.

d)itstandardizedthepublicationofgrammarbooks

Sectionc

16.a)theychooseajobwithoutthinkingitthrough b)theybecomestuckinthesamejobfordecades c)theyspendanaverageofoneyearfindingajob d)theygetboredafterworkingforaperiodoftime 17.a)decidewhichjobismostattractivetoyou b)seeiftherewillbechancesforpromotion c)watchafilmaboutwaysofjobhunting d)findoutwhatjobchoicesareavailable 18.a)thepayyouaregoingtoget b)thequalificationsyouhave c)thecultureofyourtargetcompany d)theworkenvironmentyouwillbein. Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard. 19.a)itisareligiousfestival?celebratedbyafriean-amencars. b)itisanancientfesitivalcelebratedbyafriean-amencars. c)itissculturalfesitivalcelebratedbyafriean-amencars. d)itisasimportantaschristmasforafrican-americans 20.a)tocallonafrican-americanstoworshiptheirgods

b)tourgeafrican-americans?todomoreforsocitey. c)toremindafrican-americansoftheirsufferings d)tohelpafrican-americanstorealizetheirgoals. 21.a)faithinself-determination. b)thefirstfruitsoftheharvest, c)creativeworkandachievement d)unityandcooperativeeconomics 22.a)theytakeasolemnoath b)theydrinkwinefromtheunitycup c)theyreciteaprinciple d)theycallouttheirancestors'names Questions23to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard. 23.a)itconsistsmainlyof?variouskindsofseafood b)itbegantoimpacttheworldinrecentyears c)itcontainslargeamountsofdairyproducts d)itisoneoftheworld'smosthealthydiets 24.a)itisregardedasoneofthegreatestresearchesofitskind b)ithasdrawntheattentionofmedicaldoctorstheworldover c)itwasconductedinsevenmid-easterncountriesinthe1950s d)itinvolved13,000researchersfromasia,europeandamerica 25.a)theyeatfoodswithlittlefat b)theyhavelowermortalityrates c)theyuselittleoilincooking

d)theycaremuchabouttheirhealth

PartIIIReading SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce. ThepacificislandnationofPalauhasbecomehometothesixthlargestmarinesanctuaryintheworld.thenewmarinereserve.Nowthelargestinthepacific,will?26?nofishingormining.Palaualsoestablishedtheworld'sfirstsharksanctuaryin2009. Thetinyislandnationhassetaside500,000squarekilometres-80percent-ofitsmaritime???27?,forfullprotectionthat'sthehighestpercentageofan??28??economiczonedevotedtomarineconservationbyany?countryintheworld.theremaining20percentofthepalauseaswillbereservedforlocalfishingbyindividualsandsmall-scale???29??fishingbusinesseswithlimitedexports. \"island30-havebeenamongthehardesthitbythethreatsfacingtheocean,\"saidPresidentTommyRemengesaujr.inastatement.\"creatingthissanctuaryisaboldmovethatthepeopleofPalaurecogniseas??31??tooursurvival.wewanttoleadthewayinrestoringthehealthoftheoceanforfuturegenerations. Palauhasonlybeenan???32??nationfortwentyyearsandhasastronghistoryofenvironmen-talprotection.itishometooneoftheworldsfinestmarineecosystems,withmorethan1,300speciesoffishand700speciesofcoral. SenatorHokkonsBauleslead33-ofthePalauNationalmarinesanctuaryact,saidthesanctuarywillhelpbuilda???34?futureforthepalauanpeoplebyhonoringtheconservationtraditionsofourpast\".theseincludethecenturies-oldcustomof\"\wouldcallatemporarystoptofishingforkeyspeciesinordertogivefish??35??anopportunitytoreplenish（补充）.? A）allocate??????????I)permit B）celebrities???????J)secure C）commercial????????K)solitary D）communities???????L)spectacle E）essential?????????M)sponsor F）exclusive?????????N)stocks G）independent???????O)territory H）indulge

SectionB

Directions:inthissection,youangoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoiteachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninineoftheparagraphs.identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.answerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespandingletteronanswersheet2 Datasharing:anopenmindonopendata

[A]itisamovementbuildingsteadymomentum:acalltomakeresearchdata,softwarecodeandexperimentalmetbodspubliclyavailablcandtransparentAspiritofopennessisgainingacceptanceinthesciencecommunity,andistheonlyway,sayadvocates,toaddressa'crisisinsciencewherebytoofewfindingsaresuccessfullyreproduced.furthermore,theysay,itisthebestwayforresearcherstogathertherangeofobservationsthatarenecessarytospeedupdiscoveriesortoidentifylarge-scaletrends [b]theopen-datashiftposesaconfusingproblemforjuniorresearchers,ontheonehand,thedrivetoshareisgatheringofficialsteam.since2013,globalscientificbodieshavebeguntothatsupportincreasedpublicaccesstoresearchontheotherhand,scientistsdisagreeabouthowmuchandwhentheyshouldsharedata,andtheydebatewhethersharingitismorelikelytoacceleratescienceandmakeitmorerobust,ortointroducevulnerabilitiesand problems.asmorejoumalsandfundersadoptdata-sharingrequirements,andasagrowingnumberofenthusiastscallformoreopenness.juniorresearchersmustfindtheirplacebetweenadoptersandthosewhocontinuetoholdout,evenastheystrivetolaunchtheirowncareers.

(c)onekeychallengefacingyoungscientistsishowtobeopenwithoutbecomingscientificallyvulnerable.theymustdeterminetheriskofjeopardizingajobofferoracollaborationproposalfromthosewhoarewaryof-orunfamiliarwith-openscience.andtheymustlearnhowtocapitalizeonthemovementsbenefits,suchasopportunitiesformorecitationsandawaytobuildareputationwithouttheneedforconventionalmetrics,suchaspublicationinhigh-impactjournals. [D]somefieldshaveembracedopendatamorethanothers.researchersinpsychology,afieldrockedbyfindingsofirreproducibilityinthepastfewyears,havebeenespeciallyvocalsupportersofthedriveformore-openscience.afewpsychologyjournalshavecreatedincentivestoincreaseinterestinreproduciblescience-forexample,byaffixingan\"badgetoarticlesthatclearlystatewheredataareavailable.accordingtosocialpsychologistbriannosek, executivedirectorofthecenterforopenscience,theaveragedata-sharingrateforthejoumalPsychologicalscience,whichusesthebadges,increasedtenfoldto38%from2013to2015.

[E]funders,too,areincreasinglyadoptinganopen-datapolicyseveralstronglyencourage,andsomerequireadata-managementplanthatmakesdataavailable.theionalsciencFoundationisamongthese.somephilanthropic(&)funders,includingthebill&melindaGatesfoundationinseattle,washington,andthewellcometrustinlondon,alsomandateopendatafromtheirgrantrecipients. [F]butmanyyoungrescarchers,especiallythosewhohavenotbeenmentoredinopenscienceareuncertainaboutwhethertoshareortostayprivate.graduatestudentsandwhooftenareworkingontheirlabheadsgrant,mayhavenochoiceiftheirsupervisororanotherseniorcolleagueopposessharing.

[G]somefearthatthepotentialimpactofsharingistoohigh,especiallyattheearlystagesofacareer\"Everybodyhasastoryaboutsoneonegettingscooped\"saysNewYorkuniversityastronomerdavidhogg.thosefearsmaybeafactorinalingeringhesitationtosharedataevenwhenpublishinginjournalsthatmandateit.

[H]researchersatsmalllabsoratinstitutionsfocusedonteachingarguablyhavethemosttolose.whensharinghard-wondata.\"withmyinstitutionandteachingload,idon'thavepostdocsandgradstudents,\"saysterrymcglynn,atropicalbiologistatcaliforniastateuniversity,Dominguezhills.\"thestakesarehigherformetosharedatabecauseit'sabiggerfractionofwhat'shappeninginmylab.\" [I]researchersalsopointtothetimesinkthatisinvolvedinpreparingdataforotherstoviewOncethedataandassociatedmaterialsappearinarepository(存储库),answeringquestionsandhandlingcomplaintscantakemanyhour. [J]thetimeinvestmentcanpresentotherproblems.insomecases,saysdatascientistkarthikRam,itmaybedifficultforjuniorresearcherstoembraceopennesswhenseniorcolleaguesmanyofwhomheadselectionandpromotioncommittees-mightridiculewhattheymayviewasmisplacedenergiesihaveheardthisrecentlythatembracingtheideaofopendata?andcodemakestraditionalacademicsuncomfortable,\"saysram.\"theconcemseemstobethatopenadvocatesdon'tspendtheirtimebeingasproductiveaspossible [K]anopen-sciencestancecanalsoaddcomplexitytoacollaboration.kateratliff,whostudiessocialattitudesattheuniversityofflorida,gainesville,saysthatitcanseemasiftherearetwocampsinafield-thosewhocareaboutopenscienceandthosewhodon't\"thereisanewareatonavigate-\"areyoucoolwiththefactthati'llwanttomakethedataopen?'-whentalkingwithsomebodyaboutaninterestingresearchidea,shesays. [L]despitecomplicationsandconcerns,theupsidesofsharingcanbesignificant.forexample,wheninformationisuploadedtoarepository,adigitalobjectidentifier(DOI)isassigned. Scientistscanuseadoitopublisheachstepoftheresearchlifecycle,notjustthefinalpaperInsodoing,theycanpotentiallygetthreecitations-oneeachfortthedataandsoftware,in additiontothepaperitself.andalthoughsomesaythatcitationsforsoftwareordatahacelittle?currencyinacademia,theycanhaveotherbenefits [M]manyadvocatesthinkthattransparentdataprocedureswithadateandtimestampwillprotectientistsfrombeingscooped.\"thisisthesweetspotbetweensharingandgettingcreditforit. whilediscouragingplagiarismsayslvoGrigorovaprojectcooedinatoratthe

nationalinstituteofaquaticresourcesresearchsecretariatincharlottenlund,denmark.hogg.saysthatscoopingislessofaproblemthanmanythink.\"thetwocasesi'mfamiliarwithdidn'tinvolveopendataorcode,\"hesays.

[N]opensciencealsooffersjunorresearchersthechancetoleveltheplayingfieldbygainingbetteraccesstocrucialdata.rosemounceapostdocstudingecolutionarybiologyatthe?Universityofcambridge,uk,isavocalchampionofopenscience,partlybecausehisfossilbasedresearchdependsonaccesstoothers'data.hesaysthatmoreopennessinsciencecould?helptodiscouragewhatsomeperceiveasacommonpracticeofshuttingoutearly-careerscientistsrequestsfordata.

[[O]communicationalsohelpsforthosewhoworryaboutjeopardizingacollaboration,hesaysConcemsaboutopenscienceshouldbediscussedattheoutsetofastudy.\"\"wheneveryoustartaprojectwithsomeone,youhavetoestablishaclearunderstandingofexpectationsforwhoownsthedata,atwhatpointtheygopublicandwhocandowhatwiththem,\"hesays.

[P]intheend,sharingdata,softwareandmaterialswithcolleaguescanhelpanearly-careerresearchertogainrecognition-acrucialcomponentofsuccess.thethingyouaresearchingforisreputation,\"saystitusbrown,agenomics(基因组

学)researcherattheuniversityofCalifornia,davis.\"togetgrantsandjobs,youhavetoberelevantandachievesomelevelofpublicrecognition.anythingyoudothatadvancesyourpresence-especiallyinalargersphere,outsidethecommunitiesyouknow-isanetwin.\"

36.astronomerdavidhoggdoesn'tthinkscoopingisasseriousaproblemasgenerallythought. 37.someresearchersarehesitanttomaketheirdatapublicforfearthatothersmightpublishnethingsimilarbeforethem. 38.somepsychologyjournalshaveofferedincentivestoencourageauthorstosharetheirdata 39.thereisagrowingdemandinthesciencecommunitythatresearchdatabeopentothepublic 40.sharingdataofferscarlycareerresearchersthechancetobuildacertainlevelofreputation. 41.datasharingenablesscientiststopublisheachstepoftheirresearchwork,thusleadingtomorecitations. 42.scientistsholddifferentopinionsabouttheextentandtimingofdatasharing 43.potentialproblemsrelatedtodatasharingshouldbemadeknowntoanddiscussedbyallparticipantsatthebeginningofajointresearchproject 44.sharingdataandhandlingdata-relatedissuescanbetime-consuming 45.juniorresearchersmayhavenosaywhenitcomestosharingdata Sectionc Passageone

Questions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Inthebeginningofthemovie/robotarobothastodecidewhomtosaveaftertwocarsplungeintothewater-delspoonerorachild.eventhoughspoonerscreams\"savehersaveher.therobotrescueshimbecauseitcalculatesthathehasa45percentchanceofsurvivalcomparedtosarah'sllpercent.therobotsdecisionanditscalculatedapproachraiseanimportantquestion:wouldhumansmakethesamechoiceandwhichchoicewouldwewantourroboticcounterpartstomake?

Isaacasimovevadedthewholenotionofmoralityindevisinghisthreelawsofrobotics,whichhoIdthatI.robotscannotharmhumansorallowhumanstocometoharm;2.robotsmustobeypreservation,unlessdoingsoconflictswithlawsior2.theselawsareprogrammedintoAsimov'srobots--theydon'thavetothink,judge,orvalue.theydonthavetolikehumansorbelievethathurtingthemiswrongorbad.theysimplydon'tdoit.

TherobotwhorescuesSpooner'slifeini,robotfollowsAsimov'szerolaw:robotscannotharmhumanity(asopposedtoindividualhumansorallowhumanitytocometoharm--anexpan-sionofthefirstlawthatallowsrobotstodeterminewhat'sinthegreatergood.underthefirstlaw.arobotcouldnotharmadangerousgunman,butunderthezero\"law,arobotcouldkillthegunmantosaveothers.

Whetherit’spossibletoprogramarobotwithsafeguardssuchasasimov'slawsisdebatableAwordsuchas\"harm\"isvague(whataboutemotionalharm?isreplacingahumanemployeeharm?)andabstractconceptspresentcodingproblems.therobotsinasimecomplicationsandloopholesinthethreelaws,andevenwhenthelawswork,robotsstillhavetoasscsssituations.

Assessingsituationscanbecomplicated.arobothastoidentifytheplayers,conditions,andpossibleoutcomesforwariousscennrios.It’sdoubtfulthatacomputerprogramcandothat-atleast,notwithoutsomeundesirableresults.Arobotocostatthebristolroboticslaboratorypro grammedarobottosavehumanproxies(替身)called“H’bots”fromdanger.whenoneH-botofheadedfordanger,therobotsucecssfullypusheditouttheway.butwhentwoh-botsbecameimperiled,therobotchoked42percentofthetime,unabletodecidewhichtosaveandlettingthembothdie.Therobotchoked42percentofthetime,unabletodecidewhichtosaveandlettingthemheadedfordanger,therobotsuccessfullypushedit.howcanarobotdecidewhomtosaveorwhat’sbestforhumanity,especiallyifitcan'tcalculatesurvivalodds? 46.whatquestiondoestheexampleinthemovieraise? awhetherrobotscanreachbetterdecisions b)whetherrobotsfollowAsimov’szero’law c)howrobotsmaymakebadjudgments d)howrobotsshouldbeprogrammed

47.whatdoestheauthorthinkofasimov'sthreelawsofrobotics? a)theyareapparentlydivorcedfromreality b)theydidnotfollowthecodingsystemofrobotics

c)theylaidasolidfoundationforrobotics. d)theydidnottakemoralissuesintoconsideration. 48.whatdoestheauthorsayaboutasimovsrobots? atheyknowwhatisgoodorbadforhumanbeings b)theyareprogrammednottohurthumanbeings c)theyperformdutiesintheirowners'bestinterest. d)theystopworkingwhenamoralissueisinvolved. 49.whatdoestheauthorwanttosaybymentioningtheword\"harm\"inasimovslaws? aabstractconceptsarehardtoprogram. b)itishardforrobotstomakedecisions. c)robotsmaydoharmincertainsituations. d)lawsusetoomanyvagueterms. 50.whathastheroboticistatthebristolroboticslaboratoryfoundinhisexperiment? a)robotscanbemadeasintelingentashumanbeiegssomeday. b)robotscanhavemoralissuesencodedintotheirprograms. c)robotscanhavetroublemakingdecisionsincomplexscenarios. d)robotscanbeprogrammedtoperceivepotentialperils. PassageTwo

Questions5ito55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Ourworldnowmovessofastthatweseldomstoptoseejusthowfarwehavecomeinjustafewyears.ThelasestiPhone6s,forexample,hasadual-coreprocessorandfitsnicelyintoyourpocket.bycomparison,youwouldexpecttofindatechnologicalspecificationlikethisonyourstandardlaptopinanofficeanywhereintheworld.

It’snowonderthatdevicewebuyhasaplugontheendofitorawirelessconnectiontointernetsoon.ourcurrentsmartphonelifestylewillexpandtocreateourownsmarthomelifestyletoo.

Allresearchesagreethatcloseto25billiondevices.thingsandsensorswillbeconnnectedby2020whichincidentallyisalsothemomentthatMillennias(千禧一

代)areexpectedtomakeup75percentofouroverallworkforce,andthefullyconnectedhomebecomearealityforlargenumbersofpeopleworldwide.

However,thisisjustthetipoftheprovebialicebergassmartbuildingsandevencitiesincrasimglybecomethenormasleadersandbusinessownersbegintowakeuptothemassivesavingsthattechnologycandeliverthroughconnectedsensorsandnewformsofautomationcoupledwithintelligentenergyandfacilitiesmanagemen.

Wecanexpectthattheever-growinglistofdevices,systemsandenvironmentsremainconnected,alwaysonlineandtalkingtoeachother.thebigbenefitwillnotonlybeinthehousingofthisenormousandrapidlygrowingamountofdata,butwillalsobeintheabilitytorunrealtimedataanalyticstoextractactionableandongoingknowledge.

Thebiggestandmostexcitingchallengeofthistechnologyishowtocreativelyleveragethisever-growingamountofdatatodelivercostsavings,improvementsandtangiblebenefitstobothbusinessesandcitizensofthesesmartcities.

Thegoodnewsisthatmostofthistechnologyisalreadyinvented.let'sfaceit,itwasn'ttoolongagothattheideaofworkingfromanywhereandatanytimewassomeformofadistantwtopim(乌托邦式的)dream,andyetnowwecanperformalmostanyoffice-basedtaskfromanylocationintheworldaslongaswehaveaccesstotheinternet.

It'stimetowakeuptothefactthatmakingsmartbuildings,citiesandhomeswilldramaticallyimproveourqualityoflifeintheyearsahead.

51.whatdoestheexampleofiphone6sservetoshow? A)Thebugecapacityofthesmartphonespeoplenowuse.

B)thewidespreaduseofsmartphonesallovertheworld c)thehugeimpactofnewtechnologyonpeople,everydaylife d)therapidtechnologicalprogressinaveryshortperiodoftime 52.whatcanweexpecttoseebytheyear2020? A)appsfortheinternetofthings B)Thepopularizationofsmarthomes c)theemergenceofmillennials D)totalglobalizationoftheword 53.whatwillbusinessownersdowhentheybecomeawareofthebenefitsoftheinternetofthings? A)employfewerworkersintheiroperation B)gainautomaticcontroloftheirbusinesses C)investinmoresmartbuildingsandcities D)embracewhatevernewtechnologythereis 54.Whatisthemostexcitingchallengewhenwepossessmoreandmoredata? A)Howtoturnittoprofitableuse B)howtodorealtimedataanalysis C)howtolinktheactionablesystems. D)howtodevisenewwaystostoreit

55.whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutworkingfromanywhereandatanytime? A)itisfeasiblewithaconnectiontotheinternet B)itwillthriveinsmartbuildings,citiesandhomes C)itisstilladistantutopiandreamforordinaryworkers D)itwilldelivertangiblebenefitstobothbossandworker

PartIV

Translation(30minutes)

Directions:forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromchineseintoEnglish.youshouldwriteyouransweronanswersheet2.

青海湖位于海拔3205米、青海省省会西宁以西约100公里处。是中国最大的咸水湖,面积4317平方公里最深处25.5米,有23条河注入湖中,其中大部分是季节性的。百分之八十的湖水源于五条主要河流。青海湖位于跨越亚洲的几条候鸟迁徙路线的交叉处。许多鸟类把青海湖作为迁徙过程中的暂息地,湖的西侧是着名的鸟岛”,吸引着来自世界各地的观鸟者。每年夏天，游客们也来这里观看国际自行车比赛。参考答案 PartIWriting Thereisanoldsayinghelpothers,andyouwillbehelpedwhenyouareinneed.it'stheexperienceofourforefathers,however,itiscorrectinmanycaseseventoday. anumberoffactorsareaccountableforthisoldsaying.oneofthemostcommonfactoristhathelpingeachotherenablespeopletogetworkdoneeasilyandquickly. Forinstance,ifastudentmeetsadifficultquestionabouttheirmajor,heorshecanseekhelpfromfellowclassmates,anditisclearthiswillsavemoretimeandenergytosolvetheproblem.anothercontributingcauseisthathelpingothersmakespeoplefeelwarminside.youcanjustimaginethathowwarmitiswhenyougethelpinbigcitieslikeBeijingorshanghaiwithoutanyrelatives,whichwillquaranteepeople'srelatives,whichwillguaranteepeople'smentalhealth. Itcandirectlypromotetherapidprogressoftheworldandindirectlyspurscontinuousdevelopmentoftheindividuals. Andeventuallybringseconomicprosperityandsocialharmony. PartIIListeningComprehension SectionA

LongConversation1 SectionA

LongConversation1

1、b)theyfacilitatethedonationofunsoldfoodstotheneedy

2、a)itpassedalawaimingtostopoverproduction 3、d)ithasbannedsupermarketsfromdumpingediblefoods 4、d)ithasbannedsupermarketsfromdumpingediblefoods ?LongConversation2

5、c)ithasjustlauncheditsannualanniversarysales 6、b)couponsforcustomerswithbulkpurchases 7、c)creditittoheraccount 8、d)complimentarytailoring? SectionB Passage1 9、a)theyarethin,tall,andunlikerealhumanbeings. 10、d)theirbodyshapeshavenotchangedmuch 11、c)ontheinternet Passage2 12、a)moveablemetaltypebegantobeusedinprinting 13、c)itwasthebiggestprinterinthe16thcentury, 14、a)itboostedthecirculationofpopularworks 15、b)itpromotedthegrowthofnationallanguages SectionC Recording1

16、a)theychooseajobwithoutthinkingitthrough 17、a)theychooseajobwithoutthinkingitthrough 18、b)thequalificationsyouhave

Recording2

19、c)itissculturalfesitivalcelebratedbyafriean-amencars. 20、d)tohelpafrican-americanstorealizetheirgoals. 21、b)thefirstfruitsoftheharvest, 22、c)theyreciteaprinciple Recording3 23、d)itisoneoftheworld'smosthealthydiets 24、d)itisoneoftheworld'smosthealthydiets 25、b)theyhavelowermortalityrates PartIIIReadingComprehension? 参考答案： 26、I)permit Thenewmarinereserve,nowthelargestinthePacific,willnofishingormining.? 该空考察will之后的动词原形，因此，结合上下句语境，不难得出该空为permit(允许零捕鱼区);?27.o)territory

Thetinyislandnationhassetaside500,000squarekilometers-80percent-ofitsmaritime.? 该空考察maritime后的搭配，考虑到形容词后的搭配，不难得出该空考察maritime后的名词为territory(小岛领土);? 28.f）exclusive That’sthehighestpercentageofaneconomiczonedevotedtomarineconservationbyanycountryintheworld.? 该空考察不定冠词an后的搭配，同时考虑空后的economic，可以得出exclusive(专属经济区);? 29.c)commercial

byindividualsandsmall-scalefishingbusinesseswithlimitedexports?

该空考察individuals及small-scale后的搭配，根据上下文语境可以得出，该空答案为commercial(商业捕鱼区);?

30.d)communities

Islandhavebeenamongthehardesthitbythethreatsfacingtheocean.?

此处考察从句的主语部分，考虑前后文，可以得出“Islandcommunities”(小岛社区);? 31.e）essential

ThepeopleofPalaurecogniseastooursurvival.?

Recogniseas后接该空出所问的“这个大胆的一步”所处的地位，“essential”一词为正确答案(Palau地区居民认为的必需品);? 32.g)independent Palauhasonlybeenannationfortwentyyearsandhasastronghistoryofenvironmentalprotection.? 此处考察搭配“anindependentnation”(独立的国家)，故根据前后搭配，答案很容易得出;? 33.m)sponsor SenatorHokkonsBaules,leadofthePalauNationalMarineSanctuaryAct,said....? 该提出现在句中的同位语处，因此，考虑到这个人的身份，不难得出答案为sponsor(主要赞助商);? 34.j)secure Helpbuildafuture...? 该空考察搭配，“帮助建立...的未来”，因此，“安全的未来”符合语境，故选secure;? 35.n)stocks Callatemporarystoptofishingforkeyspeciesinordertogivefishanopportunitytoreplenish.? 此处考察搭配fish后的搭配，因此，“给...一个补充的机会”，因此，该空答案为fishstocks(鱼类);? sectionB

36M)AstronomerDavidHoggdoesn'tthinkscoopingisasseriousaproblemasgenerallythought.

37.G)someresearchersarehesitanttomaketheirdadapublicforfearthatothersmightpublishsomethingsimilarbeforethem.

38.D)somepsychologyjournalshaveofferedincentivestoencourageauthorstoharetheirdata.

39.A)thereisagrowingdemandinthesiencecommunitythatresearchdatabeopenthepublic. 40.P)sharingdataoffersearly-careerresarchersthechancetobuildacertainlevelofreputation. 41.C)Datasharingenablesscientiststopublisheachstepoftheirresearchwork. thusleadingtomorecitations.

42.B)scientistsholddifferentopinionsabouttheextentandtimingofdatasharing.

43.O)Potentialproblemsrelatedtodatasharingshouldbemadeknowntoanddiscussedbyallparticipantsatthebeginningofajointresearchproject. 44.F)sharingdataandhandlingdata-reatedissuescanbetime-consuming 45.F)juniorresearchersmayhavenosaywhenitcomestosharingdata. Sectionc 46、a）whetherrobotscanreachbetterdecisions 47、d)theydidnottakemoralissuesintoconsideration. 48、b)theyareprogrammednottohurthumanbeings 49、a)abstractconceptsarehardtoprogram. 50、b)robotscanhavemoralissuesencodedintotheirprograms. 51、d)therapidtechnologicalprogressinaveryshortperiodoftime 52、B)Thepopularizationofsmarthomes 53、B)gainautomaticcontroloftheirbusinesses 54、A)Howtoturnittoprofitableuse

55、A)itisfeasiblewithaconnectiontotheinternet PartIV?Translation?

3,205metersabove(the)sealevel,Qinghailakeislocatedabout100kilometerswestofXining,capitalofQinghaiprovinceinwesternchina.Qinghailake,thelargestsalinelakeinthecountry,hasasurfaceareaof4.317squarekilometerswithamaximumdepthof25.5meters.Mostofthe23riversandstreamsthatemptyintoQinghailakeareseasonal.fivemajorstreamsprovide80%ofthelakestotalinflux.locatedathecrossroadsofseveralbirdmigrationroutesacrossAsia,Qinghailakeoffersmanyspeciesanintermediatestopduri

ngtheirmigration.Onthewesternsideofthelakearethewell-known\"BirdIslandswhichattractbirdwatchersfromacrosstheglobe.everysummerseesnumerousvisitorscomeheretowatchtheQinghailake InternationalCyclingRace.

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2017年12月大学英语六级考试真题含答案解析(三套全)