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专升本英语考点汇总

2024-03-07 来源:客趣旅游网
专升本英语考点汇总

专升本英语考试题型 试卷题型及分值分布表

语法考点复习 时态与语态 一般现在时:

考点一:表示永恒的真理,即使出现在过去的语境中,仍用一般现在时,如:

I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school.

考点二:在时间和条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时代替代替一般将来时;常用的引导词有:until/when/before/as soon as /the moment/if/unless

I will not attend the conference if it rains tomorrow. He won’t know the truth unless you tell him.

现在完成时

表示动作发生在过去,完成在过去,但强调与现在情况仍有联系,其结果或者影响仍然存在。有标志性的时间状语;

He has open ed the door. I have bought a computer.

考点一:for +时间段;since+时间,主句用现在完 成时

They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二:常见的不确定的时间状语:

Lately, recently, already, yet, so far,up till now Has it stopped raining yet?

考点三:表示”第几次做某事“或者”it is (最高级)the best (worst, most interesting),主句用一般现在时,从句用现在完成时。

This is the first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film that I have seen.

过去完成时

表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作,即发生在过去的过去。 There had been 25 parks in the city up till 2000.

考点一:用于hardly/scarcely/barely/rarely…when; no sooner… than 句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时

I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me . I had no sooner got into the room than it began to

snow.

考点二:表示第几次做某事/最高级,主句用过去式,从句用过去完成时。

That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather . 考点三:用于by +过去时间段

She had learnt 3 different languages by the end of 2009. 将来完成时(will have done)

表将来某时刻之前已完成的事情,时间状语非常明显。 考点一:by +将来时间段

By next Friday, I will have got ready for the exam. 一般过去时

表过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作,或过去习惯性动作,不强调对现在的影响。

考点一:used to do 过去常常做某事 He used to smoke a lot. 进行时态 考点一:

表示某个具体时间点在干什么,常常有具体的时间词,如at 10 o’clock, at that moment等。

He was doing homework at 9 o’clock yesterday evening. 考点二:

趋向性动词常用现在进行时表将来,如:go, come, leave, start等

I am coming. (马上来了)

He is leaving Chongqing on Friday. (他星期五离开重庆) He is leaving for Chongqing on Friday. (他星期五要来重庆) 感官动词考点:

表示感知的动词:hear, feel, notice, recognize, taste ,smell ,look ,sound ,taste, appear,感官动词做系动词时翻译成…起来

He is looking at the sun. (实意动词)

He looks younger than his junior brother.(系动词) 考点一:做系动词时不能用于被动语态 e.g. The music sounds beautiful. The silk feels soft.

考点二:做系动词时不能用于进行时态

考点三:做系动词时后面接形容词,不接副词Sounds good. The cake tastes good. 语法专项练习 一.时态与语态

1. Tom was disappointed that most of the guests ______ when he ______at the party.

A. had left, arrived B. left, had arrived C. had left, had arrived D. left, arrived

2. Mary ______ letter at nine yesterday evening. A. typed B. was typing C. has typed D. is typing

3.The work ______ by the time you get here. A. will have been done B. is done C. had been done D. would have done

4.It ______ for a week and the streets were flooded. A. has rained B. was rained C. had been raining

D. should have rained

5. Sorry, but we cannot go to San Diego. Our cousins ____ to see us next Sunday.

A. come B. are coming C. have come D. came

6. She _______ a number of books by the end of last year. A. had written B. has written C. have written D. had been written

7. I ________here since I came to Beijing. A. had lived B. have lived C. is living D. will live

8. By the end of next year, the building_________. A. will completed

B. will have been completed C. has completed D. is completing

9. He ________ smoke a lot, now he is a non-smoker. A. used to B. is used to C. was used to D. used by

10. Hardly ________ the room when it ______ to rain. A. had entered, was raining B. entered, had rained

C. had entered, rained

D. entered, was raining 二:非谓语. 动词 1.谓语动词 2. 非谓语动词 谓语动词

1.行为动词/实意动词:eat, sleep. clean. Stay(可以单独做谓语,用副词修饰)

2.联系动词:be, get, become (不能单独做谓语,其后成分称为表语)

3.情态动词:can, could, will (不能单独做谓语,后接动词原型) 4.助动词:do/have的各种形式,帮助完成时态与语气的动词,不能单独做谓语。

Have been here/I do like you. 非谓语动词:

1.不定式:to do (除了不能做谓语,其他成分都能做) 2.分词:现在分词:Ving(表主动与进行),过去分词:(表被动与状态)

3.动名词:Ving

※英语一句话只能有一个主谓结构 如果出现更多动词: 加连词(and / but / so…) 放入从句 变为非谓语动词

1)Grace finished her dinner at Wulong 2)attended the local dancing party. 一.加入连词

Grace had finished dinner at Wulong, and she attended the local dancing party later.

二.放入从句

The moment /when Grace had finished dinner at Wulong, she attended the local dancing party later.

三. 变为非谓语动词

Grace finished her dinner quickly to attend the local dancing party.

不定式考点:

1.I t is+ adj+ for sb to do sth/ It is + adj+ of sb to do sth e.g. It is difficult for him to finish the task. It is very kind of you to say so.

2.I t takes sb some time to do sth 花费某人多少时间做某事 It takes me three days to repair the machine. 3.s o+ adj/adv+as to ….如此,以至于

e.g. The house is so high as to resemble a tower. 4. only to 竟然(表出乎意料的转折) He studied hard only to fail the exam. 5.but(except) 后带不带to ?

若句子的谓语动词是“do”的各种形式,则不带to Last night, I did nothing but watch TV.

若句子的谓语动词不是“do”的各种形式,则带to The doctor told him nothing but to stop smoking. 6. 一听:listen to, hear 二看:watch, see, look at 三使:let, make, have 四注意:notice 五感觉:feel

以上动词接动词原形,但若用语被动语态,则应接带to的不定式。 I made him do his work. He was made to do his work. 动名词考点:

1.I t is no good/use/point/a great fun +ving:做某事无好处/用

处/意义/乐趣做某事

It is no good helping him.

It is a great fun getting to know your guys. 2.T here is no +doing sth 不可能做某事

There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.

There is no telling what he is going to do?

3. have difficulty(trouble, fun, a good time)+(in) doing sth 做某事难(麻烦,好玩)

4. go + doing 户外活动

Go fishing, go swimming, go shopping 4.b e busy (in) doing sth 忙于做某事 5.s pend/ waste time (in) doing sth/on sth 6.c an’t help doing sth 忍不住做某事 I am sorry, I can’t help overhearing…

7.b e worth doing sth 值得做某事(主动表被动) The book is worth reading.

8.Li Ming is said ______abroad. Do you know what country A.to have studied B. to study C. to be studying D. to have been studying 分词考点: 分词做状语: 1)主从句主语一致 2)省略从句连词与主语

3)从句分词形式取决于与主语的关系,主动用现在分词,被动用过去分词

(从)When the students saw the teacher entering classroom,

(主)the students stood up.

Seeing the teacher entering classroom, the students stood up. 独立主格:

独立主格结构有三种类型:

1. 逻辑主语+非谓语动词(不定式、现在分词、过去分词) 2. 逻辑主语+(being)+表语(名词、形容词、副词、介词短语) 3. with/without + 复合宾语(不定式, 分词、形容词、副词、 介词短语) 非谓语练习

.1.____ anything about the accident, he went to work as usual. A. Not known B. Knowing not C. Known not D. Not knowing

2. _______ more attention, the trees could have grown better. A. Given B. To give C. Giving D. Having given

3. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.

A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding

4. _____ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land.

A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging

C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged

5. _____ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into the international stars.

A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given

6. _____ in the queue for half an hour,the old man suddenly realized he had left the cheque in the car.

A. Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited

7.Tom kept quiet about the accident_____ lose his job. A. so not as to B. so as not to C. so as to not D. not so as to

8. ______ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having slept

9. When asked why he went there, he said he was sent there __ for a space flight.

A. training B. being trained C. to have trained D. to be trained

10. The old professor said to us every part of the materials should be made use of ______ the power station.

A. to build B. building C. build D. built

11. All of them try to use the power of the workstation _____ information in a more effective way.

A. presenting B. presented C. being presented D. to present

12.______ no bus, we had to walk home. A. There was B. There being

C. Because there being D. There were

13. ____, I'll go there with you tomorrow afternoon. A. Time permits B. If time permitting C. Time permitting D. Time's permitting

14._____, we all went home happily. A. Goodbye was said B. Goodbye had been said C. Goodbye said D. When goodbye said

15. _____, we all went swimming in high spirits. A. It being fine weather B. It fine weather

C. It was fine weather D. It being a fine weather 情态动词考点: Can, could May, might Must/have to Need Dare Will/would

Shall/should/ought to 考点一:Must的否定回答

在回答must引起的问句时,如果是否定的答复,可用don’t have to或needn’t(不必) ,但不能用mustn’t(一定不,必须不,不允许,不得) 。如:—Must I clean the dining room at once? 我必须马上打扫餐厅吗?

—Yes, you must. 是的,你必须马上打扫。—No, you d on’t have to (=needn’t) . 不必啦。

You mustn’t smoke in the office. 你不得在办公室抽烟。 考点二:must表肯定猜测:

Must表示推测时,只能用于肯定句中 must do 对一般时的肯定推测

must be doing 对现在的动作进行肯定推测must have done 对过去发生的事情作出的肯定判断

They have bought a new car. They must have a lot of money. He must be reading novels now.

The road is wet. It must have rained last night. 考点三:can’t/could’t表否定推测 考点四:need doing sth=need to be done

The flowers need watering.=The flowers need to be watered. The house needs painting.=The house needs to be painted.

延伸:want, request doing sth=want/request to be done 考点五:need/dare既可做实意动词,也可做情态动词。实意动词用在肯定句中(need/dare to do sth),情态动词用在否定和疑问句中(need/dare do sth )。

Dare you walk through the forest at night? You needn’t return the book now. He needs to go there himself. 三.情态动词

1.--- She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam. —I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might

2. You ______ be hungry already , you had lunch only two hours ago!

A. wouldn’t B. can’t C. mustn’t D. needn’t

3.—I’m sorry. I _________at you the other day. —Forget it. I was a bit out of control myself.

A. shouldn’t shout B. shouldn’t have shouted C. mustn’t shout D. mustn’t have shouted

4. Thank you for all your hard work last week. I don’t think we ______ it without you.

A. can manage

B. could have managed

C. could manage D. can have managed

5. —There were already fi ve people in the car but they managed to take me as well.

—It ________ a comfortable journey. A. can’t be B. shouldn’t be C. mustn’t have been D. couldn’t have been

6. The boss has given everyone a special holiday, so we —go to work tomorrow.

A. can’t B. mustn’t

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