线性规划在炼油厂的优化问题中的应用

线性规划在炼油厂的优化问题中的应用

安徽工业大学 数理科学与工程学院 信息与计算科学

李柏松（109084214）

摘要

线性规划作为最优化的一个重要分支，是运筹学、决策科学和管理科学最重要的基础，是最著名和应用最广泛的数学工具之一。它的基本思路就是在满足一定的约束条件下，使预定的目标达到最优。它的基本研究内容可归纳为两个方面：一是系统的已定，如何合理筹划，精细安排，用最少的资源（人力、物力、财力）去实现任务；二是资源的数量已定，如何合理利用、调配，使任务完成的最多。

炼油厂的炼油工序主要由分馏、重整、裂化及调和得到普通汽油、高级汽油、煤油、航空煤油、润滑油进行销售，在资源量一定的情况下，如何调配生产以获取最大的利润是每一个炼油化工企业所关注的最重要问题。

本文首先介绍了线性规划的数学模型、相关概念以及它的不同求解方法。然后针对具体的炼油厂优化案例，对问题进行合理分析，建立数学模型，并利用LINGO11软件进行求解，得出了炼油厂在生产中最优的生产产品方案。这为各炼油厂在既定资源和环境条件下进行不同配比生产以获取更大的利润提供了有力的参考。

关键词：线性规划；图解法；单纯形法；对偶单纯形法

Application of linear programming in the optimization problem in Refinery

Anhui University of Technology

School of Mathematical Science and Engineering

Information and computer science major

Li Baisong (109084214)

Abstract

Linear programming is an important branch of optimization, operations research,decision science and management science is the most important foundation, is one of the most widely used and most famous mathematical tools.Its basic idea is to make the predetermined goal to achieve the optimal when meeting a certain constraint condition. The basic research contents can be summarized as two aspects:one is the system has been set, how to reasonable planning, meticulous arrangements, with the least resources (human, material and financial resources)to achieve the task; two is the number of resources has been set, how to utilize, allocate, up to the task the most.

Refining process of oil refinery by fractionation, reforming, cracking and harmonic by ordinary gasoline, gasoline, kerosene, aviation kerosene, lubricants sales amount of resources, in certain circumstances, how to allocate production to

obtain the maximum profit is the most important problem of every oil refining chemical enterprise concern.

This paper first introduces the mathematical model of linear programming, related concepts and the different solution methods. Then according to the optimization of refinery specific case, analyze the problem, mathematical model is established, and solved by LINGO11 software, the production plan of refineries in production optimization. This provides a powerful reference for the refinery for different ratio of production to obtain greater profits in the given resources and environmental conditions.

Key words: Linear programming；Diagram；The Simplex method；The dual simplex method；