最近几年英语高考对动词与短语动词的考查主要集中在以下几个方面: 一、动词根本词义辨析
1. William found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to ______. (2011全国)
A. disappear
B. fall
C. fail D. damage
【点拨】 C。句意:威廉发现看书越来越困难,因为他的视力正开始下降。 disappear消失;fall落下;damage破坏;fail(机件或人体器官)失灵,出毛病。
2. As the story ______, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. (2011安徽)
A. begins C. ends
B. happens D. develops
【点拨】 D。句意:随着故事的开展,关于这个奇怪人物的真相被慢慢发现。 begin开始; happen发生; end完毕; develop开展。
3. I ______ a bank account after I made $1,000 by doing a part-time job during the summer vacation. (2011某某)
A. borrowed B. opened C. entered D. ordered
【点拨】B。open a bank account在银行开一个账户。 二、短语动词
(一) 同一动词+不同的介词或副词
1. Some insects ______ the colour of their surroundings to protect themselves. (2011陕西)
A. take in C. take on
B. take off D. take out
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word 【点拨】C。句意:一些昆虫呈现它们周围环境的颜色以便保护自己。 take in吸收,欺骗;take off脱下,起飞;take on呈现,雇佣;take out取出。
2. —You look upset. What’s the matter? — I had my proposal _______ again. (2011江苏) A.turned over C.turned off
B.turned on D.turned down
【点拨】 D。答语句意:我的建议又遭到拒绝了。turn over翻身,翻转,把……移交;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)兴奋;turn off关掉(电器、水龙头等);turn down关小(音量等),拒绝。
3. He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of ______ at a hotel for the night. (2011浙江)
A. putting down B. putting off C. putting on D. putting up
【点拨】D。句意:他决定一路驾车回家,不在旅馆留宿。put down放下,镇压,记下;put off推迟;put on穿上,戴上;put up举起,建造,张贴,住宿。
(二)不同动词+同一个介词或副词
1. You can’t predict everything. Often things don’t ______ as you expect.
(2011江西)
A. run out B. break out C. work out
D. put out
【点拨】 C。句意:你无法预测所有事情,事情常常不是按照你期望的那样发生。run out 用完;break out (火灾、战争)等的突然发生;work out 按照某种方式发生,计算,解决;put out 扑灭,伸出,使生气。
2. To get a better grade, you should ______ the notes again before the test. (2011四川)
A. go over
B. get over
D. take over - 2 - / 4
C. turn over
word 【点拨】 A。句意:为了取得好成绩,你应该在考试前好好复习这些笔记。go over 反复,温习;get over 越过,抑制(困难),从(疾病、失望、震惊等)中恢复过来;turn over 翻身,翻转,把……移交;take over 接收,接替。
3. The government has taken measures to ______ the high prices of daily goods to keep the market stable.
(2011湖北)
A. take down B. bring down C. hand down D. tear down
【点拨】 B。句意:政府已经采取措施来降低日常生活用品的价格,以保持市场的稳定。take down 拆卸,记下;bring down 卸下,搬下,降(价);hand down 把……传递下来,流传;tear down拆毁,扯下。
(三) 其他短语动词辨析
1. I can ______ the house being untidy, but I hate it if it’s not clean. (2011课标)
A. come up with C. turn to
B. put up with D. stick to
【点拨】 B。句意:虽然我能够容忍房子不整洁,但是我不喜欢房子不干净。come up with 提出(主意);put up with 容忍;turn to 求助于;stick to 坚持。
2. They are broadening the bridge to ______ the flow of traffic. (2011山东) A. put off B. speed up C. turn on D. work out
【点拨】 B。put off推迟;speed up加快,促进;turn on打开(水、电视、收音机、灯、煤气等),(使)兴奋。拓宽桥梁的目的是加快交通流速,应当选B。
【复习技巧】
1.英语中动词的词义丰富,用法灵活。平日学习中,既要增加阅读量,在实际语境中领悟动词的意义和用法,又要集中时间和精力学习一些难掌握的词(组)。
2.解题时,首先要研读题干,找出信息词,理顺句意,再作最优选择。
3.在学习过程中,要把结构类似、用法一样或相近的短语放在一起比拟,可以帮助记
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word 忆,加深理解。
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