中考英语 There be句型结构精析

一． There be句型中的主谓一致

1、当be动词后面所接的是单数可数名词或不可数名词时，用There is，当后面接的名词是可数名词复数时，用There are。例如：

There is a bed in this room.

There is some bread on the plate. There are many eggs in the kitchen.

2、如果There be后面是两个或两个以上名词作主语时，be动词应采用“就近原则”，即be应与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。例如：

There is an orange and some apples in the basket. There are some apples and an orange in the basket. 二. There be句型中的时态

1、There be有一般现在时（There is/are）、一般过去时（There was/were）、一般将来时（There is/are going to be或There will be）和现在完成时（There have/has been），所有这些时态的变化都是通过be 动词来完成和体现的。例如： There are two girls in the room.

There was a bike under the tree just now. There will be a meeting tomorrow morning.

There are going to be two football matches this afternoon. There have been great changes in my hometown.

2、There be结构还可以和各种助动词、情态动词连用，表示推测。例如：

There will be some children on the playground. There must be some flowers on the desk. 三、There be结构的句型转换

1、There be句型的否定句有两种构成方式，一种是在be 后面加否定副词not。例如： There isn’t any food here.

There aren’t any photos on the wall.

There won’t be an English test this afternoon. 另一种是在主语前加否定副词no,例如： There are no lights in the room.

There is no food here,We’ll have to buy some. 2、There be句型的一般疑问句是直接将be动词的相应形式移到句首，回答时用yes或no,后面接简单答语。例如：

——Are there any flowers on both sides of the street ? ——Yes , there are / No , there aren`t .

——Will there be a sports meeting next week? ——Yes , there will . / No , there won`t.

3、There be句型的特殊疑问句主要有how many和how much作引导词两种情况。例如：

How many people are there in your family？ How much money is there in your pocket ?

4、There be句型的反义疑问句为be (not) there .例如：

There is a little milk in the bottle , isn`t there?

There weren`t many visiters in the room yesterday , were there ?

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There will be a volleyball match in our school , won`t there?

注意：there be结构中的谓语动词有时不用be，而用其他动词，如live ,stand,lie,seem, rise, come ,go 等。例如：

Long ,long ago, there lived a king. There stands a school on the hill.

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