1) Many verbs are followed by an \"-ing\" clause. 许多动词都可和 \"-ing\"分词结构连用。
2) Some verbs are followed by an object and an \"-ing\" clause that describes what the object is doing.
许多动词后面可加宾语和 \"-ing\"分词结构，表示宾词正在进行的动词状 态。
语法透析
1) Many verbs are followed by an \"-ing\" clause. The subject of the verb is also the subject of the \"-ing\" clause. The \"-ing\" clause begins with an \"-ing\" form. The most common of these verbs are:
许多动词都可和\"-ing\" 分词结构连用。动词的主语和 \"-ing\" 分词 结构的主语相一致，最常接 \"-ing\" 分词结构的词。
* verbs of saying and thinking 表示讲话和思考的动词
admit（承认） consider（考虑） deny（否认） describe（描述） imagine (想像) mention(提及) recall(回想) suggest (建议)
例如：1) He denied taking drugs. 他否认服用毒品。
* verb of liking and disliking 表示喜欢和厌恶的动词
adore（喜欢） detest（厌恶） dislike（讨厌） dread（恐惧） enjoy（享受） fancy （设想） like(喜欢) love(爱慕)
mind（介意） resent（愤恨）
例如：1) I don't mind telling you. 我不介意告诉你知道。
* other common verbs 其它常用的动词
avoid（避免） commence（开始） delay（耽搁） finish（完成） involve（包括） keep（保持） miss （错过）postpone（推迟） practise（练习） resist （抵抗）risk（冒险） stop（停止）
例如：1) I've just finished reading that book.我刚刚读完那本书。
* common phrasal verbs 常用的动词短语
burst out（突发） carry on（继续） end up（结束） go round（到处走动）keep on（继续） put off(推迟) set about（开始）
例如：1) She carried on reading.她继续读书。
2) After the verbs and phrases mentioned above, you can also use \"being\" followed by a past participle.
在上面提到的动词或动词短语后面，还可以接 \"being +过去分词\"。 例如：1) They enjoy being praised. 他们喜欢被表扬。
3) \"Come\" and \"go\" are used with \"-ing\" clauses to describe the way that a person or thing moves.
\"come\"和 \"go\" 后面的 \"-ing\" 分词结构表示某人或某物的行动状态。 例如：1) They both came running out. 他们两人都是跑着出来。
4) Some verbs can be followed by an object and an \"-ing\" clause. The object of the verb is the subject of the \"-ing\" clause.
有些动词后可接宾语和 \"-ing\" 分词结构构成复合宾语，动词的宾语和 \"-ing\" 分词结构的主语相一致。
catch(抓住) find（找到） imagine（想像） leave（留下） prevent（防止） stop（停止） watch (注视) 例如：1) He left them making their calculations. 他让他们自己去做运算。
1 He denied taking drugs.
2 I don't mind telling you.
3 I've just finished reading that book.
4 She carried on reading.
5 They enjoy being praised.
6 They both came running out.
7 He left them making their calculations
不定式语法要点(Main points)
1) Some verbs are followed by a \"to\" - infinitive clause. Others are followed by an object and a \"to\" - infinitive clause.
有些动词后跟不定式，另有些动词后跟宾语+不定式。
2) Some verbs are followed by a \"wh\"-word and a \"to\"-infinitive clause. Others are followed by an object, a \"wh\"-word, and a \"to\"-infinitive clause. 有些动词后跟疑问词+不定式，有些动词后跟宾语+疑问词+不定式。
3) Nouns are followed by \"to\"-infinitive clauses that indicate aim, purpose or necessity of something, or that give extra information.
名词后接不定式表示目标和目的，或某事的必要性或是提供补充信息。
* verbs of saying and thinking 表示讲话和思考的动词
agree（同意） choose（选择） decide（决定） expect（期望）hope (希望) intend（打算） learn (学会) mean (意味) offer （提供） plan (计划) promise （答应） refuse （拒绝）
语法透析
1) Some verbs are followed by a \"to\"-infinitive clause. The subject of the verb is also the subject of the \"to\"-infinitive clause.
有些动词后接不定式，动词的主语和不定式的主语相一致。 例如：1) She had agreed to let us use her flat. 她同意我们用她的套房。
2) England failed to win a place in the finals. 英格兰没有能进入最后的决赛。
* verbs of saying and thinking 表示讲话和思考的动词
advise （建议） ask （要求） encourage（鼓励） expect(期望) invite（邀请） order（命令） persuade（说服） remind（提醒） teach(教导) tell(告诉)
例如：1) I asked her to explain. 我让她解释一下。
* other verbs 其它动词
allow(允许) force（强制） get（获得） help（帮助） want（想要）
2) Some verbs are followed by an object and a \"to\"-infinitive clause. The object of the verb is the subject of the \"to\" - infinitive clause. 有些动词后跟宾语+不定式，动词的宾语是不定式的主语。 例如：1) I didn't want him to go. 我不想他去。
3) Some verbs are followed by \"for\"and an object, then a \"to\" -infinitive clause. The object of \"for\" is the subject of the \"to\" infinitive clause. 一些动词跟 \"for\"+宾语+不定式, \"for\" 的宾语是不定式的主语。 appeal（请求） arrange(安排) ask（要求） long（渴望） pay（支付） wait（等待） wish（希望） 例如：1) Could you arrange for a taxi to collect us? 你能不能安排一辆出租车来接我们？
4) Some verbs are normally used in the passive when they are followed by a \"to\" -infinitive clause.
一些动词在跟不定式结构时候通常是用被动语态。
believe（相信） consider（考虑） feel（感觉） find（发现） know（知道） report（报告） say（说） think（思索） understand（明白）
例如：1) He is said to have died a natural death. 人们说他是自然死亡。
5) Some verbs are followed by a \"wh\"-word and a \"to\"-infinitive clause. These include:
ask（询问） decide（决定） explain（解释） forget（忘记） imagine（想像） 有些动词后跟疑问词+不定式
know（知道） learn（学会） remember（记得） understand（明白） wonder（想知道） 例如：1) She had forgotten how to ride a bicycle. 她忘记怎样骑自行车了。
6) Some verbs are followed by an object, then a \"wh\"-word and a \"to\"-infinitive clause.
有些动词后跟宾语+疑问词+不定式。
ask（询问） remind（提醒） show（指示） teach（教导） tell（告诉）
例如：1) I asked him what to do. 我问他该做什么。
7) You use a \"to\" -infinitive clause after a noun to indicate the aim of an action or the purpose of a physical object. 名词后接不定式表示目标和目的。
例如：1) We arranged a meeting to discuss the new rules. 我们安排了一个会议来讲座新规定。
8) You use a \"to\"-infinitive clause after abstract nouns to give more specific information about them.
抽象名词后使用不定式可提供更多信息。
例如：1) He'd lost the ability to communicate with people. 他丧失了与别人沟通的能力。
1 She had agreed to let us use her flat.
2 England failed to win a place in the finals.
3 I asked her to explain.
4 I didn't want him to go.
5 Could you arrange for a taxi to collect us?
6 He is said to have died a natural death.
7 She had forgotten how to ride a bicycle.
8 I asked him what to do.
9 We arranged a meeting to discuss the new rules.
10 He'd lost the ability to communicate with people.
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动词+不定式和动词+-ING比较结构 语法要点(Main points)
1) Some verbs take a \"to\"-infinitive clause or an \"-ing\" clause with little difference in meaning. Others take a \"to\"-infinitive or \"-ing\" clause, but the meaning is different.
有些动词后面跟不定式或 \"-ing\" 结构含义区别不大，而有些动词跟 两种结构含义不同。
语法透析
1) The following verbs can be followed by a \"to\"-infinitive clause or an \"-ing\" clause, with little difference in meaning.
下列动词后面跟不定式或者说 \"-ing\" 结构含义区别不大。 attempt(尝试) begin(开始) bother(打扰) continue(继续) fear(害怕) hate(憎恨) love(爱好) prefer(更喜欢) start(开始) try(尝试)
例如： 1) It started raining.开始下雨了。 2) A very cold wind had started to blow. 刮起了一阵很冷的风。
2) Note that if these verbs are used in a continuous tense, they are followed by a \"to\" infinitive clause.
如果动词本身是进行时态，则后面跟不定式。
例如： 1) The company is beginning to export to the west. 这家公司开始出口产品到西方国家。
3) You can often use \"like\" with a \"to\"-infinitive or an \"-ing\" clause with little difference in meaning.
动词 \"like\" 后面常跟不定式和 \"-ing\" 结构，含义区别不大。 例如： 1) I like to fish. 我喜欢钓鱼。 2) I like fishing. 我喜欢钓鱼。
4) However, there is sometimes a difference. You can use \"like\" followed by a \"to\" -infinitive clause to say that you think something is a good idea, or the right thing to do. You cannot use an \"-ing\" clause with this meaning. 但有时也有区别。 \"like\"后跟不定式可用以说明某主意不错，式某事应 该去做。而 \"-ing\"结构没有这层意思。
例如： 1) They like to interview you first. 他们想先访问你。 5) After \"remember\ referring to an event after it has happened.
动词 \"remember\" \"forget\" \"regret\" 后面的分词结构表示某事已发生。 例如： 1) I remember discussing it once before. 我记得以前曾讨论过一次。
2) I'll never forget going out with my old aunt. 我从没忘记和老姑姑一起外出的那次。
6) You use a \"to\"-infinitive clause after \"remember\" and \"forget\" if you are referring to an event before it happens. 而有些动词后的不定式则表示某事还没发生。
例如： 1) I must remember to send a gift for her child. 我得记得要送她的孩子一件礼物。
7) If you \"try to do\" something, you make an effort to do it. If you \"try doing\" something, you do it as an experiment.
动词 \"try\" 后面跟不定式表示努力想做好某事，而跟分词结构则表示尝
试做某事。
例如： 1) I tried to explain. 我尽力想解释。
2) Have you tried painting it? 你试过画出来吗？
8) If you \"go on doing\" something, you continue to do it. If you \"go on to do\" something, you do it after you have finished doing something else. 动词 \"go on\"后面跟分词结构表示继续做某事，而跟不定式则表示结束 某事后再开始另外一件事。
例如： 1) I went on writing. 我继续写作。
2) He later went on to form a computer company. 后来，他开了一家电脑公司。
9) After \"need\ the subject of the \"to\"-infinitive clause. You use an \"-ing\" form if the subject of \"need\" is the object of the \"-ing\" clause.
动词 \"need\" 后面跟不定式表示动词与不定式主语一致，跟分词结构表 示动词主语是分词的宾语。
例如： 1) We need to ask certain questions. 我们得问些问题。 2) It needs cutting. 这个需要切一下。
1 It started raining.
2 A very cold wind had started to blow.
3 The company is beginning to export to the west.
4 I like to fish.
5 I like fishing.
6 They like to interview you first.
7 I remember discussing it once before.
8 I'll never forget going out with my old aunt.
9 I must remember to send a gift for her child.
10 I tried to explain.
11 Have you tried painting it?
12 I went on writing.
13 He later went on to form a computer company.
14 We need to ask certain questions.
15 It needs cutting.
连系动词语法要点(Main points)
1) Link verbs are used to join the subject with a complement. 连系动词后可跟表语。
2) Link verbs can have adjectives, nouns groups, or \"to\"-infinitive clauses as complements.
形容词，名词短语或不定式都可作为连系动词的表语。
3) You can use \"it\" and \"there\" as impersonal subjects with link verbs. \"it\"和 \"there\"可作为连系动词的非人称代词主语。
语法透析
1) A small but important group of verbs are followed by a complement rather than an object. The complement tells you more about the subject. Verbs that take complements are called \"link\" verbs.
一小部分很重要的动词后面不跟宾语，而是跟表语来说明主语的更多信 息，这类动词叫连系动词。
appear(看来) be(是) become(成为) feel(感觉) get(变成) go(变成) grow(变得) keep(保持) look(看起来) prove(证实) remain(保持) seem(好像) smell(闻起来) sound(听起来) stay(坚持) taste(品尝) turn(使变质)
例如： 1) I am proud of these people. 我为这些人感到骄傲。
2) She was getting too old to play tennis. 她打网球年纪太大了。
2) Link verbs often have adjectives as complements describing the subject. 形容词常做连系动词的表语，用以描述主语。
例如： 1) We felt very happy. 我们感到非常高兴。
2) He was the tallest in the room. 他是房间里最高的一个。 3) You can use link verbs with noun groups as complements to give your opinion about the subject.
名词短语可作连系动词的表语，用以表示对主语的看法。
例如： 1) He's not the right man for it. 他并不是合适的人选。
4) Some link verbs can have \"to\"-infinitive clauses as complements. 不定式也可作表语。
appear(看来) get(变成) grow(变得) look(看起来) prove(证实) seem(好像)
例如： 1) She seemed to like me. 看来她喜欢我。
5) You can use \"it\" and \"there\" as impersonal subjects with link verbs. \"it\"和 \"there\"可作为连系动词的非人称代词主语。
例如： 1) It seems silly not to tell him. 不告诉他显得很愚蠢。
1 I am proud of these people.
2 She was getting too old to play tennis.
3 We felt very happy.
4 He was the tallest in the room.
5 He's not the right man for it.
6 She seemed to like me.
7 It seems silly not to tell him.
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