The U.S. and Europe should abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into biofuels. 【2008上海阅读】 美国和欧洲应该抛弃支付部分将粮食转换为生物能源费用的政策
同义词：desert v. 抛弃 n. 沙漠
able [ˈeɪbl] adj. 能够的
用法：be able to do sth 能够做某事
He hoped she would be able to continue the family tradition. 【2014江西阅读】他希望他能够继续家庭传统
able的反义词：unable [ʌnˈeɪbl] adj. 不能够 用法：be unable to do 不能做某事
Isabelle’s body is unable to produce healthy red blood cells.【2014福建阅读】Isabelle的身体不能够生产红细胞。 able的动词：enable [ɪˈneɪbl] vt. 使能够 用法：enable sb/sth to do sth 使某人或某物能够做某事
I suppose I can get a good mark which will enable me to enter my ideal college. 【2014福建阅读】 我认为我能够得到一个好的分数，这个分数使我能够进入我理想的大学。 able的三个名词形式：ability; disability; inability
ability [əˈbɪlɪtɪ] n. 能力
The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.【2011湖南单选】表达想法的能力
与想法同等重要。
inability [ɪnəˈbɪləti] n. 无能力
This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange problem — inability to read.【2015天津阅读】 这是打败我那奇怪问题的又一件武器——不能读书。
disability [dɪsəˈbɪlɪtɪ]n. 残疾
A German study suggests that people who were too optimistic about their future actually faced greater risk of disability or death within 10 years than pessimists.【2013湖北阅读】
一项德国研究表明与悲观的人们相比，那些对未来过于乐观的人实际上在10年之内会面对更大的死亡或者残疾的风险。
disability的形容词形式：disabled [dɪsˈeɪb(ə)ld] adj. 残疾的
Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorall services.【2014全国大纲阅读】老年人及残疾顾客可以得到关于如何适当使用Metrobus和 Metrorall服务的免费指导。
abnormal [æbˈnɔːm(ə)l] adj. 不正常的，异常的
The bear behaved abnormally, probably because of hunger.【2014北京阅读】 可能由于饥饿，那只熊表现地不正常。
abnormal的反义词：normal
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normal [ˈnɔːm(ə)l] adj.正常的
But unfortunately, the parents are wronged because they’re normal in shape, or rather slim.【2013湖北阅读】但是不幸的是父母被冤枉了因为他们身材是正常的或者是相当的苗条。 Recently I learned from the newspaper that normal universities belonging to the Education Department would recruit some students for free. 【2007山东写作】最近我从报纸上了解到教育部直属师范大学将免费录取一些学生。
aboard [əˈbɔːd] adv＆prep 在（船、火车或飞机）上；上（船、火车车或飞机）
Anderson still wanted to see the sights, so she jumped aboard a streetcar.【2011江苏阅读】 Anderson仍然想看风景，所以他跳上了轻轨电车。 易混词：abroad [əˈbrɔːd] adv. 在国外，到国外
abolish [əˈbɔːd] vt. 废除 abortion [əˈbɔːʃn] n. 流产，堕胎 abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj. 突然的
absent [ˈæbsənt] adj. 缺席的，不在的；缺乏的，没有的；
What I failed to expect was that several students were absent.【2014湖南阅读】我没有预料到的是一些学生缺席了。
But the hours devoted to being “processed” at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent.【2012江西阅读】 幸运的是，在机场出入口安检的时间被省掉了。 短语：be absent from 缺席……
He will be absent from class.【2008天津听力】他将缺席课程。 absent的名词形式：absence：
absent的反义词：present adj. 出席的，到场的
absence [ˈæbsəns] n. 缺席，不在；缺乏，没有
The absence of a signature tells us that the writer cannot be too serious and therefore does not deserve a reply.【2009江西阅读】没有签名告诉我们作者不是很严肃，所以我们不需要回复。
absolute [ˈæbsəluːt] adj. 绝对的
Absolute needs have no limits.【2012重庆阅读】绝对需求没有极限。
absorb [əbˈsɔːb] vt吸收
To absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat, black surfaces.【2009安徽阅读】 为了吸收太阳的热量来加热水，你需要一个大的、平的、黑的表面 短语：be absorbed in sth被……吸引
When deeply absorbed in work, which he often was，he would forget all about eating or sleeping. 【2012北京单选】当他专心致志工作的时候他会废寝忘食。
abstract [ˈæbstrækt] adj. 抽象的； n. 摘要，概括
Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. 【2009北京阅读】他的研究表明高的天花板鼓励人们更加自由地去思考，这会让他们做出更加抽象的联系
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an abstract of a lecture 讲演的摘要【朗文高阶】 反义词：concrete adj. 具体的
absurd [əbˈsɜːd] adj. 荒谬的
It sounds absurd.【2013辽宁阅读】这听起来很荒谬。 同义词:ridiculous
abundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj. 充足的，丰富的
Its raw materials are abundant in nature.【2012湖南阅读】它的原材料在自然界中非常丰富。 abundant的名词形式：abundance
同义词：adequate adj.充足的；ample adj. 充足的,丰富的
abuse [əˈbjuːz] n. vt. 滥用；辱骂，虐待
The misuse of medications may be the most common form of drug abuse among the elderly. 【2010上海阅读】药物的不当使用也许是老年人当中最普遍的药物滥用形式。 I am interested in doing volunteer work for abused children. 【2007广东信息匹配】 我非常有兴趣为被虐待的学生做志愿者工作。
academic [ækəˈdemɪk] adj. 学术的；n. 大学老师
I used to try effective method to achieve my academic goals. 【2014辽宁阅读】我过去常常用有效的方法来完成学术目标。
when the academics were lazy and incompetent, the students were similarly lazy. 【2010北京阅读】当大学老师懒惰且无能的时候，学生也同样地懒惰。
academy [əˈkædəmɪ] n.学院
The director, who shared a dorm-room with Jack in the Film Academy, has already make four films.【2015 湖北翻译】这位导演已经执导了四部电影，在电影学院求学时杰克与他同住在一间寝室。
accelerate [əkˈseləreɪt] vt.（使）加快，（使）加速
More efforts, as reported, will be made in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform. 【2016江苏单选】正如报道的一样，我们以后将会做出更大的努力加速供应方的结构改革。
拓展：accelerate的名词形式：acceleration
accent [ˈæksənt] n. 口音
Jonathan Harrington wanted to discover whether accent changers recorded over the past half century would take place within one person.【阅读]2008全国二】Jonathan Harrington想发现是否在过去半个世纪所记录的口音改变会发生在一个人的身上。
accept [əkˈsept] vt. 接受
The solution is equally simple: refuse to accept so many work assignments in your private life or your working life. 【2012浙江阅读】解决方法很简单：决绝在工作或生活当中接受如此多的任务。
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It seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibility for having made a mistake. 【2010天津阅读】似乎大多数人不愿意承担犯错的责任。 accept的形容词形式：acceptable [əkˈseptəbl] adj.可接受的
It’s not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. 【2009陕西阅读】在饭桌上口中含着食物说话是不可接受的。
accept的名词形式：acceptance [əkˈseptəns] n. 接受 拓展: accept 与receive之间的区别 receive表示“客观上收到”（不受自己控制）；accept表示“主观上愿意接受”
She received a gift from him, but did not accept it.她收到了一份礼物，但是没有接受。
access [ˈækses] n. 进入权，使用权（access作名词时后面一定要加to）； v. 获得，得到 One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.【2010上海单选】她喜欢城市生活的原因之一是她可以很容易地去商店或者餐馆。
This site gives you instant access to a wide range of information on studying and living in the UK, 【2008广东阅读】这个网站可以让你立刻获得广泛的关于在香港学习生活的知识。
A busy, fully-equipped campsite seems to go against this, so seek out smaller, more remote places with easy access to open spaces and perhaps beaches.【2009北京阅读】一个繁忙的装备齐全的野营地似乎与此相违背，所以你要找一个更小的、更远的、可以靠近开阔地或海滩的地方
Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active which helps us access our vocabulary, word meaning and concepts.【2012天津阅读】拼写使大脑的思考部分活跃，这有助于我们获得单词、词义以及概念。 access的形容词形式：accessible
accessible [əkˈsesɪbl] adj. (东西）易得到的，易使用的；（地点）易到达的，易进入的
Frank put the medicine in a top drawer to make sure it would not be accessible to the kids.【2009江西单选】Frank将药品放在顶层的抽屉里面以确保孩子们拿不到。
Each floor also has wheelchair accessible toilets. 【2014北京阅读】每层都有残疾人轮椅进入的通道。
accident [ˈæksɪdənt] n. 交通事故；意外事件
As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness.【2010湖北完形】 由于交通事故，她突然陷入了一片黑暗的世界。
However, the accident had an unexpected side effect.【2012安徽阅读】 然而这个意外事件却有一个出乎意料的副作用。 短语：by accident偶然的
But it was quite by accident that I discovered the deep meaning of his words.【2013天津阅读】 我偶然的发现了他的话的深层意思。
accident的形容词形式：accidental 意外的，偶然的 an accidental Injury【2014福建阅读】意外受伤
accommodation [əkɔməˈdeɪʃ(ə)n] n. 住处
The host will provide accommodation and meals.【2011天津阅读】主人将提供食宿。
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accompany [əˈkʌmpənɪ] vt陪伴，陪同；伴随；附有（书、文件）
Child must be accompanied by two paying adults.【2015福建阅读】儿童必须有两个付费成年陪同。
The symptoms of food poisoning are always accompanied by a fever.【2010广东阅读】食物中毒伴有发烧症状。
But the donator started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes，accompanied by an article from the local paper.【2012福建阅读】捐赠者开始将带有现金的信封送给值得帮助的人，信里面附有来自当地报纸的文章
accomplish [əˈkʌmplɪʃ] vt 完成，实现
Wherever you are, you can accomplish your achievement.【2013湖南阅读】不管你在什么地方，你都可以实现你的成就。 同义词achieve v. 完成
according to 根据
account [əˈkaʊnt] n. 账户
The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.【2011江西阅读】赢家俱乐部是一个专门为青少年设计的银行账户。 短语：account of描述
I gave an honest account of the students’work.【2014浙江完形】我诚实地描述了学生们的表现。
1. take account of sth = take sth into account/consideration把某事考虑进去
This research takes account of parental education and family income.【2012广东阅读】该研究把父母教育、家庭收入考虑进去。
The Iroquois Indians took safety into account while building their house.【2010福建阅读】 Iroquois Indians人在建造房屋时把安全性考虑进去。 on account of sth 因为，由于
We delayed our spots meeting on account of bad weather.【朗文高阶】由于天气不好我们推迟了运动会。
account for占（一定的数量或比例）
The good news is that federal loans account for about three quarters of student borrowing, [2011山东阅读]好消息是联邦贷款占学生借款的3/4。
accountant [əˈkaʊntnt] n. 会计师
accumulate [əˈkjuːmjʊleɪt] vt. 积累，积聚
After all, much of this knowledge has been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health care.【2009陕西阅读】毕竟许多这样的知识是从多年的家庭护理的经验当中积累的。
The consequence, if the bubbles (气泡) accumulate in a joint, is sharp pain and a bent body.【2013江苏阅读】如果气泡在关节积聚，结果你会感到非常的痛并且身体会弯曲。 其名词形式：accumulation
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accurate [ˈækjʊreit] adj. 准确的
According to the study, who made the most accurate prediction of their future life satisfaction? 【2013湖北阅读】根据研究，谁对他们未来的满意度做出最准确的预测？ 同义词：precise, exact, correct
Most people experienced precise dividing lines between days of rest and days of work, school time and summer time. 【2009湖北阅读】大多数学生经历了工作于学习以及上学时间和暑假时间的准确分界线。
accurate的名词：accuracy [ˈækjʊrəsɪ] n. 准确，准确性
accuse [əˈkjuːz] vt. 控告，指责
用法：accuse sb of doing 控告/指责某人做了某事
The boy made trouble for his teacher because he was accused of destroying property.【2014湖北阅读】男孩给他的孩子制造麻烦因为他被指责破坏了财产。 同义词：charge ab with sth 控告，指责
accustomed [əˈkʌstəmd] adj. 习惯的
用法：be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯做某事=be used to doing sth I'm accustomed to listening to some light music before sleep.【2014湖北阅读】我习惯在睡觉前听轻音乐。
ache [eɪk] vi. 疼痛，作痛 n. 疼痛
That afternoon, I raced home, sat down at the computer, and typed until my fingers ached.【2013天津阅读】那天下午我跑回家坐在电脑前面打字直到我的手指感到疼痛。 I shook my head stubbornly—and felt the ache in my tooth.【2013重庆阅读】我固执地摇摇头，感到牙齿很疼。
achieve [əˈtʃiːv] vt.达到，取得；实现
Often we have a prepared list in mind and wonder, as we listen, how we can achieve certain desired results to get the conversation over as quickly as possible.【2013江西阅读】当我们倾听的时候，我们大脑中经常有一个准备好了的清单，想知道怎样才能取得想要的结果以使谈话尽可能快的结束。
I used to try effective method to achieve my academic goals.【2014辽宁 阅读】 我过去常常使用有效的方法去实现我的学术目标。
But this report shows that sustainable building design on its own is not enough to achieve such reductions: the behaviour of the people using the building has to change too.【2014湖南 阅读】 这个报告显示可持续的建筑设计不能够独自达到这一缩减目标：房屋使用者的行为也必须做出改变。
achieve的名词：achievement
achievement [əˈtʃiːvmənt] n. 成绩，成就；完成，实现
What was Pearson’s achievement as a CEO? 【2013山东阅读】作为CEO，Pearson的成就是什么？
The achievement of a particular goal makes you feel good and contributes to your confidence.
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【2013重庆完形】特定目标的实现可以让你觉得自己不错并且有助于增加自信。
acid [ˈæsɪd] adj. 酸的 n. 酸 acknowledge [əkˈnɔlɪdʒ] v. 承认；感谢；理会
An important step is acknowledging our shortcomings.【2013安徽阅读】一个重要的一步就是承认我们的短处
The driver acknowledged my instructions but did not move off.【2012福建完形】司机理会到了我的指示但是却不开车。
We wish to acknowledge the support of the university.【朗文高阶】我们希望感谢大学的支持。 acknowledge的名词：acknowledgement [əkˈnɔlɪdʒment] 承认；感谢；理会
acquaintance [əˈkweɪntəns] n. 熟人
acquire [əˈkwaɪə] v.获得，取得；学到
Music provides a kind of perception (感知) that cannot be acquired any other way.【2009北京阅读】
音乐提供一种感知，这种感知不能通过其他方式获得。
It’s important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand. 【2012天津阅读】继续教手写并且帮助儿童学到手写的技能非常重要。 acquire的名词形式acquisition
acquisition [ækwɪˈzɪʃən] n. 获得；习得
It enables students to get enough practice for the short time of their studying so that their language acquisition is likely to become faster.【2007 湖南写作】 它可以让学生们在短期学习时间内获得足够的练习，这样他们的语言习得有可能变得更快。
acre [ˈeɪkə] n. 英亩
act [ækt] v.行动，做某事；表现；n. 行动，行为
It’s generally believed that people act the way they do because of their personalities and attitudes. 【2014重庆阅读】人们普遍认为人们按照他们做事方式行事是由于性格和态度的原因。
Food supplies in the flood-stricken area are running out. We must act immediately before there’s none left.【2012重庆单选】被洪水袭击的地区的食品供应即将用尽，在其被用光之前我们必须立即行动。
She managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl.【2009江苏阅读】她成功地表现好像我不是一个惹人生气的小女孩。 A small act of kindness brings a great joy.【2014福建阅读】小小的善意行为带来了巨大的快乐。 短语: act as 充当（此时等同于serve as）
In 2003 the Argentinean embassy in Seoul hired a local tango dancer to act as a kin
d of dance ambassador.【2013安徽阅读】在2003年，位于首尔的阿根廷大使馆雇佣当地的探戈舞者充当一种舞蹈大使。 act on/upon 根据……行事
The world has not yet acted upon the promise.【2008上海阅读】这个世界还没有兑现她的诺
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言。
act的名词形式为action n. 行动，行为；actor [ˈæktə(r)] n. 男演员；actress [ˈæktrɪs]n. 女演员
action [ˈækʃ(ə)n] 行为；行动
This action affects the environment as a whole.【2009安徽阅读】这种行为影响整个环境。 His quick action probably saved his friend’s life.【2011安徽阅读】他的快速行动拯救了朋友的生命
take action 采取行动、措施 = take measures/steps
FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life.【2012广东阅读】FDA对经销商采取法律措施阻止他们销售这种装置基于它对健康和生活有害。
active [ˈæktɪv] adj. 积极的；（火山）活的，随时会喷发的
He was active in class.【全国卷二】他们在课堂上非常积极。
There are guided tours every day up this highly active volcano, giving travelers a chance to see Mother Nature at her most powerful.【2008重庆阅读】
每天都有导游在这个非常活跃的活火山之上，给旅客一个机会去看看Mother Nature的强大之处。
active的反义词passive被动的，消极的
activity [ækˈtɪvɪtɪ] n. 活动
The activity will start at 2:30 pm and finish 90 minutes later.【2010福建阅读】活动开始于下午2：30并且90分钟以后结束。
actual [ˈæktʃʊəl]adj. 实际的，真实的
On Monday mornings it usually takes me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.【2013陕西单选】在星期一早上我通常开一个小时去工作，尽管实际距离只有20里
actual的副词形式:actually 事实上，实际上 (此时等同于in fact, as a matter of fact)
acute [əˈkjuːt]adj. 严重的，强烈的
A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages. [阅读]2012北京 基于研究的一个新评论表明严重的压力会影响大脑考虑优缺点的方式。 同义词：serious adj. 严重的
ad = advertisement [ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt]n. 广告
adapt [əˈdæpt] v. 修改，改变；改编；（使）适应
It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.【2011江西阅读】 生活方式是会不一样，但是人们的生活和文化在过去已经改变了并且在未来肯定也会改变。
Many children’s books have been adapted from films.【2007山东阅读】许多儿童书籍都是从
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电影中改编的。
短语：adapt to适应（此时等于adjust to）
It was the culture, rather than the language, that made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.【2014福建单选】是文化而不是语言使适应国外的文化非常难
They have little difficulty adjusting to the change.【2008广东阅读】 他们对于适应这个改变有点小困难。
adapt的名词形式：adaption
adaption [ədæpˈteɪʃn] 适应；
When Grace first arrived at the Ocean Park, her trainer worried about her adaptation to the surroundings.【2013北京阅读】当Grace第一次到Ocean Park的时候，他的训练师担心她对周围环境的适应。
add [æd] v.（数学上的）加；增加；补充说
The dictionary is out of date: many words have been added to the language since it was published. 【2016天津单选】这个字典过时了；自从它出版以来该语言加入了很多单词。 “I think I have said enough to give you reason to withdraw from our marriage,”，she added quietly.【2012福建阅读】 “我想我已经给了你足够多离婚的理由了” 她小声地补充说道。 短语: add … to … 把… 加到 …
He added his own imagination to the story.【2014浙江阅读】他把他自己的想象力加到故事当中
add to 增加
Perhaps you think you could easily add to your happiness with more money.【2014福建阅读】也许你认为用更多的钱可以很容易增加你的幸福。 add up （把……）加起来
By the end of the day, I could remember orders, add up the bill, and make change quickly with a smile.【2007湖南完形】那天快结束的时候我可以记住订单，数钱以及带着微笑快速找零。 add up to 总数是
Remember: little steps add up to big dreams.【2011天津阅读】记住：不积硅步，无以至千里。 add的名词形式是addition
addition [əˈdɪʃn] n. 增加，增强
One obvious advantage to the profession is the addition of money provided by television companies. 【2011江西回答问题】该行业的一个明显优势就是电视公司增加了资金的投入。 短语：in addition 此外
In addition, when it comes to practicing our musical instruments, I have to practice more than double the time.【2010福建单词拼写】此外在练习乐器方面，我的练习时间是以前的两倍。 in addition to 除……之外（还有）
In addition to these traditional activities, we have a wider range of choices.【2013辽宁阅读】除这些传统活动之外，我们有更广泛的选择。 addition的形容词形式: additional
additional [əˈdɪʃənəl]adj. 增加的，额外的
And he surely deserves additional praise.【2013江苏阅读】他当然值得额外的赞扬。
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addicted [əˈdɪktɪd] adj. 上瘾的
This might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men.【2012北京阅读】这也许有助于解释为什么女性比男性更不可能上瘾 短语：be addicted to doing 沉溺于
He became addicted to drinking.【2010福建阅读】他开始沉溺于酗酒。 addicted的名词形式：addiction [əˈdɪkʃn]瘾
address. [əˈdres] n. 地址；演说 v. 解决；称呼；写给
We drove in silence to the address she had given me.【2008北京阅读】我们安静地开往她之前给我的地址。
The president gave an address yesterday.【朗文高阶】昨天总统做了演讲
The organization seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.【2011辽宁阅读】该组织寻求解决美国无家可归人的需要。
But Mexicans are addressed by the family name of the mother.【2007陕西阅读】人们用母亲的姓氏称呼墨西哥人 拓展：“演讲”的同义词： speech/ lecture/talk give /deliver a(n) address /speech/ lecture/talk 做演讲
adequate [ˈædɪkwət] adj. 充足的
If we hadn’t made adequate preparations, the conference wouldn’t have been so successful.【2012山东单选】如果我没有做充足的准备，这个会议就不会如此成功 同义词：abundant充足的；ample 充足的
adjust [əˈdʒʌst] v. 调整
Students do not adjust their sleep patterns well.【2014四川阅读】学生们没有很好地调整他们的睡眠模式。
用法：adjust to 适应（此时等于adapt to）
They have little difficulty adjusting to the change.【2008广东阅读】他们很容易适应变化。 adjust A to B调整A以适应B
Obviously, students are terrible at adjusting their sleep cycles to their daily schedule.【2014四川阅读】很明显，学生们并不擅长调整睡眠周期以适应日常作息表。 adjust的名词adjustment [əˈdʒʌstmənt] n. 调整；适应
administration [ədmɪnɪˈstreɪʃn] n. 管理；政府
Business administration is a great major.【2009广东听力】商业管理是一个很好的专业。 The Obama administration said it continues to support the expansion of nuclear power, despite the crisis in Japan.【2013全国一阅读】奥巴马政府说它将继续支持核能的扩大，尽管在日本出现了危机。
admire [ədˈmaɪə(r)] v. 钦佩；羡慕；欣赏 I admire people who go overseas to find a job.【2012湖北阅读】我钦佩那些去国外找工作的人。 It’s a good feeling for people to admire the Shanghai World Expo that gives them pleasure.【2010福建单选】去欣赏可以给人们带来快乐的上海世博会感觉很好。
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All the neighbors admire this family, where the parents are treating their child like a friend.【单选]2008安徽单选】所有的邻居都羡慕这个家庭，在这个家庭里父母对待小孩就像对待朋友一样。
admire的形容词：admirable；admire的名词：admiration
admirable [ˈædmərəb(ə)l]adj. 令人敬佩的
Twain was an admirable figure comparable to Abraham Lincoln.【2013江苏阅读】马克吐温是一个可以与林肯相比的令人敬佩的人物。
admiration [ˈædməreiʃn]n. 钦佩，羡慕
The author showed her admiration for him.【2011北京阅读】作者展示出对他的钦佩。
admit [ədˈmɪt] v. 承认；允许……进入/加入
I don’t really like the author, although I have to admit his books are very exciting.【2014山东阅读】我不是真的喜欢该作者尽管我不得不承认他的书很有趣。
A hole in the top of the roof admitted the light, and allowed the smoke to pass out.【2010福建阅读】
屋顶的洞可以让光进入并且可以让烟出去。 短语: be admitted to 被……录用/录取
News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.【2009四川单选】王琳被北京大学录取的消息从学校办公室传来。 admit的名词：admission
admission [ədˈmɪʃ(ə)n] n. 承认；允许进入/加入；录取，录用 Members receive free admission to the Museum.【2014辽宁阅读】会员可以免费进入博物馆。 Once they decide which college to go to, students should research the admission procedures.【2010北京单选】一旦他们决定去那所大学，学生们应该研究那所大学的录取程序。
adolescence[ædəʊ'lesns] n. 青春期
adolescent [ædəˈlesənt] n. 青少年
Reed Larson and his colleagues examined adolescents' daily activities and found that they spend more time talking to their friends than engaging in any other activity.【2012上海阅读】Reed Larson和他的同事检查青少年的日常活动并发现：与参加其它活动相比，他们花更多的时间与朋友谈话
同义词：teenager n. 青少年
adopt [əˈdɔpt]v. 收养；采用
She had just been adopted by a family in town.【2014北京阅读】她刚刚被城里的一户人家收养。
Women should adopt their husbands' family names after marriage.【2011辽宁阅读】女性在结婚后采用他们丈夫的姓氏。 易混词：adapt v. 修改
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adore [əˈdɔː] v. 深爱，喜欢
Maja swore she would honor the little girl by swimming with a dolphin, an animal that both girls adored.【2011湖北完形】Maja发誓她将会通过和海豚游泳的方式来悼念这个小女孩，海豚是他们俩都喜欢的动物。
adult [ˈædʌlt] n. 成人
The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.【2016天津阅读】最有竞争力的成人是那些知道怎样做这些的人。
advance[ədˈvɑːns] n. 进步，进展； v. 进步；前进；adj. 预先的
In the near future, more advances in the robot technology will be made by scientists.【2011湖南单选】 在不久的将来，科学家将在机器人科技方面取得更大的进步。 Science is advancing so fast.【2009重庆阅读】科技正在迅速进步。
We saw several natives advancing towards our party.【2006湖南单选】我们看到几个当地人朝我们的派对走来。
advance booking/planning/warning 【朗文高阶】预先订购/计划/警告
If we have advance warning, we'll be able to reduce the damage.【2010上海阅读】如果我们预先得到警告的话我们就可以减少损坏。 短语：in advance 提前
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.【2014陕西阅读】
如果你提前告知我你是否会来的话我会很感激的。 advance的形容词形式：advanced
advanced [ədˈvɑːnsd] adj. 先进的，高级的
Modern hunters should use more advanced weapons.【2007北京阅读】现代猎人应该使用更先进的武器。
advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] n. 优势；优点，好处；
Train Travel has some advantages over air travel.【2012江西阅读】乘火车出行比乘飞机出行有更多的优势。
The disadvantages of new technology outweigh its advantages.【2015北京阅读】新科技的缺点大于优点。
反义词：disadvantage, shortcoming, weakness, drawback 同义词：strength, plus, edge 短语: take advantage of利用
I’m going to take advantage of this tour to explore the history of the castle.【2016天津单选】我打算利用这次旅行去探索城堡的历史。
含有“利用”之意的短语：make the best/most of充分利用；make use of利用
adventure [ədˈventʃə] n. 冒险（经历）
Life can be so wonderful, full of adventure and joy.【2015福建阅读】生活是如此美好，充满冒险与快乐。
adventure的形容词形式：adventurous [ədˈventʃərəs] adj. 冒险的
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advertise [ˈædvətaɪz] v. （为……）做广告；征聘
I’m calling about the apartment you advertised the other day.【2013安徽单选】我打电话来询问你前些天做广告的公寓
I need to advertise for a roommate for next term.【2011天津单选】下学期我需要找一个室友 advertise的名词形式：advertisement
advertisement [ədˈvɜːtɪsmənt] n. 广告
I noticed a job advertisement hiring park hosts.【2014湖北完形】我注意到了一个招聘公园护林人的广告。
advise[ədˈvaɪz]v. 建议
用法：advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
This is a big reason why many successful people advise you to do something you love.【2013广东阅读】这就是为什么许多成功的人建议你做你喜欢的事情的重要原因 同义词：suggest v. 建议 suggest doing 建议做某事 advise的名词：advice 建议（不可数名词）；注意：suggest的名词为suggestion(可数名词)
advocate [ˈædvəkət] v. 提倡，倡导
I hope this research will put an end to advocating strictly timed baby feeling practices.【2012广东阅读】我希望该研究将终结严格按时喂养孩子的做法。 advocate的名词形式：avocation n. 提倡，倡导
aeroplane [`erəˈpleɪn] n. (英)飞机
affair [əˈfeə] n. 事务；事件；物品
But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement.【2014全国一阅读】一开始在公共事务中无关紧要的东西变成了一个社会运动。 Children who have read “Max and Martha” picture books may know how to deal with affairs at school. 【2007辽宁阅读】读过Max and Martha这本图画书的孩子知道如何处理学校的事情。 The author did not deal well with her family affairs during the flood.【2009四川阅读】在洪水期间作者没有很好地处理家里的东西。
affect [əˈfekt] v. 影响
This affects their nervous systems and ability to produce baby birds.【2016北京阅读】这会影响他们的神经系统以及繁殖能力。
易混词: effect n. 影响,效果；effort n. 努力
注意：affection n. 喜欢 它并不是affect的名词形式。
affection [əˈfekʃn] n. 喜爱；
用法：affection for…对……的喜爱
And now I could say it is my affection for nature that makes me a real gardener.【2012重庆完形】 现在我可以说对自然的喜爱使我成为一名真正的园艺师。
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afford [əˈfɔːd] v.（与can连用）买的起，有时间做某事，承担的起；（不与can连用）提供 She couldn’t afford the operation because her family was poor.【2014陕西阅读】她支付不起手术因为家里太穷了。
He cannot afford enough time with his son.【2013四川阅读】他没时间和他的孩子在一起。 They could hardly afford to live in the city.【2010安徽阅读】 他们几乎承担不了城市里的生活。 The view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate.【2009北京阅读】
建筑物提供的风景会影响居住者的注意力。
afraid [əˈfreɪd] adj. 害怕的；担心的 用法: be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事
He was afraid of having a heart attack.【2008浙江阅读】他担心心脏病发作。 be afraid of (doing) sth 害怕/担心（做）某事
At times the air is so bad that I am afraid to go outside.【2008安徽阅读】有时候空气是如此的差以至于我害怕外出。
age [eɪdʒ] n. 年龄；时代 v. 衰老
We live in an age when more information is available with great ease than ever before.【2012浙江单选]】我们生活在一个比之前任何时候都更容易获得信息的时代。
He was much worried to see she had aged.【朗文高阶】他看到她衰老了许多，他非常担心 age的两个形容词形式：aged, aging
aged [eɪdʒəd]adj. 年老的；aged + 具体年龄 年龄为……
What do you think we can do for our aged parents? 【2007重庆单选】你认为我们可以为年老的父母做些什么？
Unfortunately, this trend among women does not only affect those aged over 65.【2010上海阅读】
不幸的是女性中的这一趋势不仅仅影响了那些65岁以上的女性。
aging [eɪdʒɪŋ] adj. 变老的，变旧的
The city’s aging facilities do not have the ability to deal with the waste.【2011湖北阅读】这个城市的旧设备不能处理垃圾。
agency [ˈeɪdʒənsɪ] n. 代理处，中介处，机构
He telephoned the travel agency to book three air tickets to London.【2010天津单选】他打电话给旅游代理去订购3张去伦敦的机票。
agent[ˈeɪdʒənt] n. 代理人，经纪人
I was waiting for a phone call from my agent.【2009重庆阅读】我当时正在等待来自我的经理人的电话。
agenda [əˈdʒɛndə] n. 日程
aggressive [ˈəɡresɪv] adj. 好斗的；有进取心的
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Playing sports may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children.【2008上海阅读】做运动有可能导致孩子自尊受挫，也有可能激发孩子的好斗行为。
A successful businessman has to be aggressive.【朗文高阶】一个成功的商人必须要有进取心。 aggressive的名词形式：aggression [ˈəɡreʃn] n. 侵略
agree [əˈɡriː] v. 同意，赞同
用法：agree with sb 同意某人的观点
She doesn't agree with the man.【2012上海听力】她不同意那个男人的观点。 agree with sth 与……相符
Twain’s themes seemed to agree with plots.【2013江苏阅读】马克吐温的主题似乎与情节相符。
agree to sth 赞同某事
I agree to his suggestion the on condition that he drops all charges.【2010辽宁单选】只要他撤销所有指控我就赞同他的建议。 agree on sth 在……上面达成一致
The two parties have agreed on a further negotiation.【2014福建阅读】双方在进一步协商方面达成一致。
agree with sb on sth 与某人就某物达成一致
The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.【2010湖北阅读】青少年与父母在冲突的原因上达成一致。 agree to do sth 赞同做某事
Why didn’t the writer agree to raise a dog at the beginning of the story?【2015浙江阅读】为什么作者在故事的开始不赞同养一只狗? agree的名词形式: agreement
agree的反义词：disagree v. 不同意
agreement [əˈɡriːmənt] n. 协议；一致；同意
However, you have to sign a 25-year agreement with the supplier.【2011四川阅读】然而你必须和供应商签订25年的协议。
What agreement do the two speakers reach at the end of the conversation? 【2009湖南听力】在对话结尾双方在什么地方达成一致?
When we sign a paper the signature is an agreement to take the matter seriously.【2009江西阅读】
当我们签字的时候，签名意味着我们同意认真考虑这个问题。
agriculture[ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə] n. 农业
Merrigan encourages more students to think about careers in agriculture.【2012江苏阅读】Merrigan鼓励更多的学生考虑农业中的职业。 agriculture的形容词形式：agricultural
agricultural [æɡrɪˈkʌltʃərl] adj. 农业的
Many of the world’s agricultural industries experience constant water shortages.【2010安徽阅读】
许多农业产业经历着持续的水短缺。
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aid [eɪd] n. 援助，帮助 v. 帮助
Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they had received from China.【2011福建单选】上个月日本政府表达了对于收到来自中国的援助的感谢。 短语：first aid 急救
Knowing basic first- aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.【2013福建单选】知道基本的急救知识将帮助你在紧急情况中做出快速反应。
aim n. 目标，目的 v.力求达到（下面的短语全是aim做动词时的用法）
He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father.【2012江西阅读】他喜欢做实验，并且他的目的就是成为向他爸爸那样的科学家。 短语：aim for 力求获得，力求达到
Aiming for customer delight is all very well, but if services do not reach the high level promised, disappointment or worse will be the result.【2011浙江阅读】力求让顾客高兴是一件好事，但是如果服务达不到允诺的高标准的话顾客会非常失望。 be aimed at doing sth 旨在做某事
The Department of Agriculture has programs aimed at developing more farmers and at increasing interest in locally grown food.【2012江苏阅读】农业部开展了一些项目，这些项目旨在让更多的人当农民并且增加人们最当地种植的植物的兴趣。 be aimed at sb/sth 针对……
This book is aimed at high school students.【2010湖北阅读】该书针对中学生。
Aimed at parents with young children, this energetic magazine promises to enrich the lives of families. 【2007浙江阅读】这个充满活力的杂志是针对有年轻小孩的父母的，他承诺会充实家人的生活。
aim at 以……为目标，瞄准
Project ORBIS also aims at promoting peaceful cooperation among countries.【2014辽宁阅读】ORBIS以推动国家间的合作为目标。 aim to do 力求做到某事
He aims to help people live longer, healthier, and happier lives.【2014上海阅读】他力求帮助人们过上更长，更健康和更开心的生活。
air [eə] n. 空气；天空；飞机；神态，样子；气氛 v. 播放，广播
Clean water and fresh air are essential for our daily life, without which we can’t live.【2013全国一单选】干净的水和新鲜的空气对于日常生活是必要的，没有这些我们将无法生存。 According to the air traffic rules, you should switch off your mobile phone before boarding.【2008上海单选】根据空中交通法你应该在登机前关闭手机。
One moment it was quiet and calm in the forest, the next, the air was charged with tension.【2014重庆阅读】上一时刻森林里还是安静的，下一时刻氛围就非常的紧张 She hardly ate anything and had such an air of sadness.【2010北京阅读】她几乎不吃任何东西，神态悲伤
He telephoned the travel agency to book three air tickets to London.【2010天津单选】他打电话给旅行中介订了三张去伦敦的机票。
Since hockey games don’t air very much on television I’ve had to look for different ways to watch hockey games.【2013全国一阅读】因为曲棍球比赛不经常在电视上直播，所以我不得
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不寻找看比赛的不同方式。
aircraft [ˈeəkrɑːft] n. 飞机 (单复数同) airline n. 航空公司 airmail [ˈeəmeɪl] n. 航空邮件 airplane [ˈeəpleɪn] n. （美）飞机 airport [ˈeəpɔːt] n.飞机场 airspace [ˈeəspeɪs] n.领空
alarm [əˈlɑːm] n. 警报；闹钟；惊恐 v. 使惊恐，使不安
The elephant had heard the distant alarm calls of animals and her mood suddenly changed.【2014重庆阅读】大象听到了动物在远处的叫声之后它的情绪突然改变了。
The alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning.【2012湖北阅读】闹钟宣布了早晨另一个繁忙一天的开始。
Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.【2014四川阅读】今天我想讨论当防火警报响起的时候你应该做什么。
Cities alarmed by deaths and injuries of pedestrians are taking efforts to make crosswalks safer for people on foot.【2009四川阅读】被行人的死亡人数和受伤人数惊恐的城市正在努力使人行道更安全。
album [ˈælbəm] n. 专辑；（存照片，信件等的）簿，册
alcohol[ˈælkəhɔl] n. 酒，酒精
Having a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.【2011福建阅读】喝杯茶有助于解酒。
alcohol的形容词：alcoholic
alcoholic [ælkəˈhɔlɪk] adj. 酒精的 n. 嗜酒成瘾者
My own feeling is that most alcoholics and drug addicts belong to the “undeserving poor.” 【2006北京阅读】我觉得大多数嗜酒成瘾者都属于不值得帮助的穷人。 algebra [ˈældʒɪbrə]n. 代数
alike [əˈlaɪk] adj. 相像的；adv. 相似地，同样地
The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.【2011山东单选】这两个小女孩长得如此地像以至于陌生人发现很难辨别谁是谁。
We believe this will give real “down time\" for school staff and pupils alike.【2012福建阅读】我们相信这将同样给学校员工和学生自由支配时间。
alive [əˈlaɪv] adj. 活着的；仍然存在的；充满活力的；
The mayor has offered a reward of $ 5000 to anyone who can capture the tiger alive or dead.【2007上海单选】市长将提供5000美元的奖励给任何抓住老虎的人，不管这只老虎是活着的还是死的。
When the stars say something silly or do something ridiculous, there is always the Internet to spread the news in minutes and keep their “story” alive forever.【2013北京阅读】当明星们
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说一些蠢话或做一些荒谬的事情的时候，互联网总会将这些消息传播开来并且使他们永远存在。
Not all bodies of water are so evidently alive as the Atlantic Ocean.【2013重庆阅读】并不是所有的水体都像大西洋那样有活力。 短语：come alive 变得生动起来
I wanted to make literature come alive and to promote a love of the written word.【2013浙江阅读】我想使文学变得生动起来并且推动人们对写作世界的热爱。
allergic [əˈlɜːdʒɪk] adj. 过敏的 用法：be allergic to 对……过敏
She is allergic to paint smell.【2012湖北听力】她对油漆味过敏
alley [ˈælɪ] n. 小巷，胡同
allocate [ˈæləkeɪt] v. 分配
The passage is meant to discuss the morals of allocating things.【2013江苏阅读】文章旨在讨论分配准则。
allocate的名词形式：allocation [ˈæləkeɪtʃn] n. 分配 allocate的同义词：distribute v. 分配
allow [əˈlaʊ] v. 允许；使有可能；
Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. [2011全国一阅读] 大公司使生产便宜的牛奶变成了可能，这使送牛奶的人很难去竞争。
用法：allow n to do sth 允许名n做某事；使n做某事成为可能
Please allow me to tell you something before you read this book.【2010重庆完形】在你读这本书之前请允许我告诉你们一些事情。 短语；allow for 考虑到；
You should always allow for the possibility that it will rain.【朗文高阶】你总应该考虑有可能下雨。
同义词 permit v. 允许
allowance [əˈlaʊəns]n. 零花钱；限额，允许量；津贴，补助
We had to earn our allowance by doing chores around the house.【2016浙江阅读】我们不得不通过做家务的方式获得零花钱。
Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off.【2007山东阅读】一旦儿童通过锻炼获得的日常限额被用光的时候，电视将自动关闭。
When an annual leave allowance amounts to only five weeks，there is a need to spread this across the year.【2012福建阅读】当一年的假期补助达到5周的时候，有必要将其分配在一年里。
almost[ˈɔːlməʊst] adv. 几乎，差不多；同义词nearly
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alone[əˈləʊn] adj.& adv.单独、独自；adv. 单单，仅仅，只 Being alone in outer space can be frightening.【2007上海完形】一个人在外太空是令人害怕的。 Mental work alone can’t make us tire.【2013辽宁阅读】单单脑力工作不会让我们感到累 短语：let alone 更不用说
We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it. 【2014全国大纲阅读】我们不知道那时候还有环境这一概念，更别说环保了！ leave sb alone不打扰某人，不管某人
The father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet.【2012上海阅读】 爸爸不想被打扰，以欣赏这份宁静。
aloud [əˈlaʊd]adv. 出声地
In the Middle Ages, merchants employed “town criers” to read public messages aloud to promote their goods.【2011全国一阅读】在中世纪，商人雇佣own criers出声地读出公共信息以促销商品。
alphabet [ˈælfəbet] n. 字母表，字母 already [ɔːlˈredɪ] ad. 已经 also [ˈɔːlsəʊ] ad. 也
alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] adj.可替代性的；非传统的，新型的；n.可替代性的东西
Owners can remotely switch to an alternative password if they fear that the thief has also got hold of the access details.【2009上海阅读】拥有者可以远程转向一个可替代性的密码如果他们担心贼已经得到了存取细节。
We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.【2011北京阅读】我们迫切需要新型能源，为了充分利用它我们需要能够比现在更加随时地发电。
If we expect people to give up the habit of driving, we must give them an alternative they can rely on. 【2014山东阅读】如果我们要求人们放弃开车的习惯，我们必须给他们可以依靠的可替代性的东西。
altitude [ˈæltɪtjuːd] n. 高度,海拔
The jet stream is a very high altitude wind which always blows from the west to the east across the Atlantic.【2010安徽阅读】喷流是一个高空中的风，它总是由大西洋的西部吹往东部。 易混词：attitude n. 态度
altogether [ɔːltəˈɡeðə] adv. 完全；总共
Altogether there are around 100 annual music festivals.【2007上海阅读】每年总共有100个音乐节。
I missed my partner’s box altogether and slipped.【2007上海阅读】我完全没有踩到我同伴的盒子，然后跌到了。
“完全地”同义词: totally; completely; entirely; purely ;thoroughly
aluminium [æljʊˈmɪnɪəm] n. （化）铝 always [ˈɔːlweɪz] ad. 总是；一直；永远
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amateur[ˈæmətə] n. 业余爱好者，外行
professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution.【2013天津阅读]】除了专业和业余的天文爱好者外，甚至还有一群人遭受更多的光污染。
amaze [əˈmeɪz] vt. 使（某人）惊异或惊奇
We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse.【2012江苏阅读】 我们教的词没有让他们感到惊异而是让他们困惑。 同义词: astonish surprise
amaze的形容词：amazed；amazing amaze的名词：amazement
amazed[əˈmeɪzd] 惊奇的，惊讶的
My husband has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse（松鸡）。【2014四川完形】我的丈夫一直和动物的关系很友好，但是我仍然很惊讶他可以和一只松鸡成为朋友。
amazing [əˈmeɪzɪŋ] 令人惊奇的，令人惊讶的
The audience was impressed by his amazing performance.【2014广东阅读】他那令人惊奇的表演给顾客留下了深刻的映像。
amazement [əˈmeɪzmənt] n. 惊讶
Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly.【2011江西阅读】当Jessica的父母大声笑的时候，她惊讶地看着他们。
ambassador [æmˈbæsədə(r)] n. 男大使 ambassadress[æmˈbæsədrəs] n. 女大使
ambiguous [æmˈbɪɡjʊəs] adj. 模棱两可的
His reply to my question was somewhat ambiguous.【朗文高阶】他对我问题的回答有点模棱两可。
易混词：ambitous
ambitious [æmˈbɪʃəs] adj.雄心勃勃的；野心勃勃的；艰巨的
She is an ambitious and sensitive person.【2014北京阅读】他是一个野心勃勃并且敏感的人。 In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most ambitious dictionary in the history of the English language.【2012山东阅读】在1879年，牛津大学要求James Murray担当即将是英语史上最艰难的字典的编辑。 ambitious的名词：ambition
ambition [æmˈbɪʃən] n. 雄心，抱负（褒）；野心（贬）
As your son grows you also age and your ambitions become more unachievable.【2016天津阅读】当你的孩子长大的时候你也衰老了，同时你的抱负也变得更加不可实现
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ambulance[ˈæmbjʊləns] n. 救护车
amount [əˈmaʊnt] n. 数量，总额 [+of]；
用法：a significant/large/considerable/enormous amount(s) of 大量的
She could save such a large amount of money because she lived a very simple life.【2014广东阅读】
她可以节约如此大量的钱因为她过着一个非常简单的生活。
In a sense, they are spending a significant amount of time in fruitless efforts as they multitask.【2008重庆阅读】在一定意义上，当他们在做多任务处理的时候他们浪费了大量的时间。 短语：amount to v. （数量上）总计,达到
The donation amounted to €190,000.【2012福建阅读】捐款达到€190,000
ample [ˈæmpəl]adj. 充足的,丰富的
There is ample evidence to prove his guilt.【朗文高阶】有充足的证据证明他的罪行。 同义词：abundant adj. 充足的；adequate adj. 充足的
amuse [əˈmjuːz] vt. 使开心,逗笑
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. 【2014江苏阅读】所有的人经历快乐的方式都是不一样的；使一个人生气的东西也许会让另一个人开心。
Pets are playful animals and they amuse us.【2013江西阅读】宠物是有趣的动物，它们可以逗笑我们。
近义词：entertain vt 使快乐，娱乐
amuse的形容词：amused；amusing amuse的名词：amusement
amusing [əˈmjuːzɪŋ] adj. funny and entertaining 好笑的，有趣的 Pets are amusing.【2013江西阅读】宠物是有趣的。
amused [əˈmjuːzd]adj. 开心的，被逗乐的
Lucy has a great sense of humor and always keeps her colleagues amazed with her stories. 【2010上海单选】Lucy有很强的幽默感并且用故事使她的同事感到开心。
amusement [əˈmjuːzmənt] n. 娱乐，开心
It took us quite a long time to get to the amusement park.【2010上海单选】我们花了很长时间才到达娱乐场。
“Amusement cycling” is the most fun you can have, legally, in the United States right now.【2012辽宁阅读】“快乐骑行”是你现在在美国能获得的最多的合法乐趣。
analyze [`ænl,aɪz] vt. 分析
A report that analyzed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.【2011陕西阅读】一份关于分析转基因食品的20年的报告显示转基因工程不能够大量增加美国的粮食产量。 analyze的名词：analysis [əˈnæləsɪs] n. 分析
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ancestor[ˈænsəstə] n. 祖宗; 祖先 同义词：forefather n. 祖先
anchor[ˈænkə] n. 锚 v. 停船，抛锚
ancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] adj. 古代的，古老的
Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantages of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy.【2012辽宁阅读】一些社科学家建议西方人应该充分利用古代中国的智慧去弥补西方哲学的缺点。
Wind power is an ancient source of energy to which we may return in the near future.【2010上海单选】风力是一个我们在不远的将来将使用的能源。
anecdote [ˈænɪkdəʊt] n. 逸事，趣闻
anger [ˈæŋɡə] n.愤怒 v. 使愤怒
When I met him, I had a lot of anger inside of me.【2007福建阅读】当我见到他的时候我非常愤怒。
This really angered me.【 2013湖南阅读】这真的让我很生气。 同义词：annoyance n. 愤怒 anger的形容词：angry [ˈæŋɡəri] adj. 生气的,愤怒的 用法：be angry with 对……感到生气
Jessica’s parents were still quite angry with each other.【2011江西阅读】杰西卡的父母仍然在生彼此的气。
同义词：annoyed adj. 生气的
animal [ˈænɪml] n. 动物 ankle [ˈæŋkəl] n. 踝，踝关节 angle [ˈæŋɡ(ə)l] n. 角度 易混词：angel [æŋdʒ(ə)l] n. 天使
anniversary [ænɪˈvɜːsərɪ] n. 周年纪念日
John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.【2009山东单选】约翰和我将在下个月庆祝我们第40个周年纪念日。
announce [əˈnaʊns] vt. 宣布，宣告
In January, Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.【2011湖北阅读】星巴克在一月宣布顾客可以使用他们的电话在6800个商店里面买东西。
announce的名词：announcement[əˈnaʊnsmənt] n. 宣布、宣告 announce的近义词：declare v. 宣布
annoy [əˈnɔɪ] vt. (使)恼怒，使生气
But I could see that he was doing all these to annoy me. [2014湖北阅读]但是我可以看得出来他所做得一切都是为了使我恼怒/生气
annoy的两个形容词形式: annoyed；annoying
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annoy的名词形式：annoyance
annoy [əˈnɔɪd] adj. 恼怒的，生气的
He's annoyed.【2015全国二阅读】他很生气。
annoying [əˈnɔɪɪŋ] adj. 令人恼怒的，令人生气的
It was really annoying; I couldn’t get access to the data bank you had recommended.【2016天津单选】真是太令人生气了！我无法得到你推荐的银行的信息
annoyance [əˈnɔɪəns] n. 生气
The possible existence of annoyance results from our inability to sort out e-mails.【2007山东阅读表达】生气的存在可能是因为我们不能整理电子邮件。
annual [ˈænjʊəl] adj. 每年的，一年一次的
University tuition fees are currently capped at 3,000 annually.【2008上海阅读】现在大学学费每年最高3000元。
answer [ˈɑːnsə] v. 回答；答复；n. 回答，答复
Then they were asked to analyze the relationships by answering some questions.【2014四川阅读】然后他们被要求通过回答问题来分析关系。
Dad answered children's Christmas letters every year.【2012浙江阅读】爸爸每年都答复孩子们的圣诞信件。
But have you ever noticed the smell? Unless it is bad, the answer is likely to be no.【2014北京阅读】
但是你注意到气味没有？除非气味很糟糕，否则答案可能是你没有注意到。 用法：answer to ……的答案
There are problems psychology doesn’t have the answer to, and which no words can describe.【2013广东阅读】有些问题心理学是没有答案的，并且这些问题文字也无法描述。 同义词：reply v. 回答；respond v. 回答；response n. 回答
ant [ænt] n. 蚂蚁 antique [ænˈtiːk] n. 古董
anxiety [æŋˈzaɪətɪ] n. 焦虑，担心
They also help students prepare for college mathematics and overcome their anxiety about this amazing field of study.【2012北京阅读】它们能够使学生们对大学数学做好准备并且克服他们对这一学习领域的焦虑。
Studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss. 【2010浙江阅读】研究显示太多的多任务处理会导致越来越多的压力、担心以及失忆。 同义词：concern n. 担心; worry n. 担心 anxiety的形容词：anxious
anxious [ˈæŋkʃəs] adj. 担心的，焦虑的
用法：be anxious about对……感到担心/焦虑
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Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.【2016江苏单选】杰克情不自禁地担心他的工作面试。
be anxious to do 渴望做……
Tom was extremely anxious to meet Bingley.【2013福建阅读】Tom非常渴望见到Bingley。 “渴望”的同义词:be eager to do/for sth; be desperate to do/for sth；long to do/for sth; desire to do/for sth
apologize [əˈpɒlədʒaɪz] v 道歉
用法：apologize for sth为某事道歉
He smiled politely as Mary apologized for her drunken friends.【2012山东单选】当Mary为他醉酒的朋友道歉的时候，他礼貌地微笑着。 apologize to sb 向某人道歉
The woman want the man to apologize to her.【2015全国听力】那个女的想让那个男的向她道歉。
apologize的名词：apology
apology[əˈpɔlədʒɪ] n. 道歉
As we were about to arrive, the pilot announced with apology that there would be a slight delay before setting down.【2010四川完形】当我们即将到达的时候，飞行员抱歉地宣布飞机将延误。
apartment [əˈpɑːtmənt] n. 公寓
So my brother and I decided to leave the apartment.【2014山东阅读】所以我的兄弟和我决定离开这个公寓。
易混词：department n. 部门 同义词：flat n. 公寓
appeal [əˈpiːl] v/n. 呼吁，恳求(for)；（to) 恳求，吸引
The author tries to appeal for donations.【2014江西阅读】作者呼吁捐款。
Sport has become an important form of entertainment, appealing to both men and women.【2011江西回答问题】体育已经变成了一种重要的娱乐形式，吸引着男性和女性。 用法：appeal to sb to do sth 恳求某人做某事
Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation is to appeal to soccer players to help poor kids.【2010天津阅读】Iribarne成立基金会的目标是呼吁运动员帮助穷孩子
appear [əˈpɪə] v. 似乎，好像，显得 （appear to do/adj）；出现
When he reached the girl, she appeared lifeless, he said.【2010陕西阅读】 当他联系到那个小孩她似乎已经没有生命了。
Gradually, this noise began to appear during a show.【2015全国二阅读】渐渐地这个噪音在节目中消失了。
用法：it appears that/as if/as though似乎……，好像……
It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. [2009湖南阅读]似乎小鱼保持身体瘦小是为了避免挑战大鱼。 appear的名词：appearance
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appear的反义词：disappear v. 消失 appearance [əˈpɪərəns] n. 出现；外表
His appearance created an atmosphere of tension.【2014湖北阅读】他的出现创造了一种紧张的氛围。
Some people care much about their appearance and always ask if they look fine in what they are. 【2013上海单选】一些人非常关心他们的相貌，总是问他们的样子是否好看。
apparent [əˈpærənt] adj.明显的
“You have a wonderful daughter,” she said, apparently in tears.【2015重庆完形】“你有一个极好的女儿”她明显哭着说。
同义词：evident adj. 明显的；obvious adj. 明显的；striking adj. 明显的
appendix [əˈpendɪks] n. 附录，阑尾
appetite [ˈæpɪtaɪt] n. 胃口；欲望，爱好
He had lost his appetite and was not as active as before.【2009重庆完形】他失去了胃口并且不像以前那么活跃了。
Our appetite for new products also contributes to the problem.【2015安徽完形】我们对新产品的爱好导致这一问题。
applaud [əˈplɔːd] v. 鼓掌；称赞
We should applaud good behavior.【2013安徽阅读】我们应该称赞好的行为
Everyone in the class applauded for me.【2009广东阅读】班级里的每一个人都为我鼓掌 applaud的名词形式：applause n. 鼓掌 applaud的同义词：n. v. clap 鼓掌
apple [ˈæpəl] n. 苹果
apply [əˈplaɪ] v. 申请；（对……）适用，（对……）有效；使用，运用
British Airways also says its customer care policies are applied within the company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.【2011浙江阅读】
英国航空公司说其关注消费者的政策也运用于公司内部，并且员工被要求将彼此当作要求最高服务标准的顾客。 用法：apply to 申请；（对……）适用，（对……）有效
I applied to the famous Royal Academy of Music in London.【2008江苏完形】我申请了著名的伦敦皇家音乐学院
The old rules have to be revised because they only applied to the circumstances that existed when they were made a hundred years ago.【2014湖北阅读】旧的规则必须被修改，因为他们只适用于100年前被制定时的情况。
The law will also apply to British citizens.【2009福建阅读】这条法令同样适用于英国公民。 apply for 申请
More students are applying for aid, and more families expect to need student loans.【2011山东阅读】更多的学生正在申请援助，并且更多的家庭预计需要学生贷款。
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apply的名词形式：applicant；application
application [æplɪˈkeɪʃn] n. 申请（信）；应用；应用程序（app）
In my application letter, I was careful to express how much I wanted to see France.【2013浙江完形】
在申请信里我仔细的表达了我是多么地想看看法国。
The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. 【2011江西阅读】这些技术也许有一些医疗应用，这可以帮助我们提高寿命并且改善生活质量。
The toothbrush will also be able to talk to other applications on your phone.【2014山东阅读】 牙刷将能够和你的手机上的程序讲话。
applicant[ˈæplɪkənt] n. 申请人
To join the Writer Squad, each applicant should first provide a piece of their writing.【2014湖南阅读】
为了加入作家小分队每个成员必须首先提供一份写作作品。
appoint [əˈpɔɪnt] v. 委派，任命；约定、确定（时间、地点）
President Clinton then appointed him to the office of director of speech writing.【2009陕西阅读】 克林顿总统任命他为演讲写作的办公室主任。 Since I was 40 busy —— my patient didn’t come up at the appointed hour, I would examine his wound.【2010全国一完形】因为我不忙——我的病人没有出现，所以可以检查他的伤口。 appoint的名词形式：appointment
appoint的形容词形式：appointed adj. 约定的
appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n. 约会；预约；委派，任命
His appointment was at 10 am and it was already 8:30.【2013山东阅读】他的预约时间在上午10点，现在已经是8；30了
I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for an appointment at 9:30.【2010全国一完形】
我听到他对护士说，他急于参加9:30的约会
They congratulated him on his appointment as chairman.【朗文高阶】他们祝贺他被任命为主席。
appreciate [əˈpriːʃɪeɪt] v. 欣赏；感谢；理解，明白
Yet, in a few mouths, my brain got reeducated and I could see the difference between good and bad writing and could appreciate literature at a whole new level.【2011湖南完形】然而几个月后我的大脑再次收到教育，我可以看到好的写作与坏的写作的差别，并且从一个全新的高度欣赏文学。
Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.【2009浙江阅读】要是我的邻居同情地告诉我暴风雨即将到来，我就会明白他的警告了。
I’d appreciate it if you could give me the opportunity.【2010天津写作】要是你能给我这个机会的话我会非常感激的
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appreciate的名词形式：appreciation欣赏；感谢；理解，明白
approach [əˈprəʊtʃ] v. 走近，靠近；处理；n. 方法
If approached in a strategic way, CSR could become part of a company's competitive advantage.【2014上海阅读】如果CSR被巧妙地处理，CSR就会成为公司竞争优势的一部分。
He thought it was a doll, but realized it was a child when he approached the river.【2010陕西阅读】
他之前意为那是一个娃娃，但是当他走近小河的时候意识到那是一个小孩。 用法：approach to (doing) sth (做)某事的方法
Facing up to your problem rather than running away from them is the best approach to working things out.【2014浙江单选】面对问题而不是逃避问题是解决事情的最好的方法。
appropriate[əˈprəʊprɪət] adj. 合适的，适当的
If you are involved in an accident, you are required to offer appropriate aid.【2012天津阅读】如果你卷入了一场事故，你要提供适当的援助。 同义词: proper适当的，合适的
appropriate的名词形式：appropriateness 适合，合适
approve [əˈpruːv] vt 批准；vi. 赞同，赞成
People complain that decisions to approve or deny a permit are often arbitrary rather than based on fixed criteria．【2013湖北单选】人们经常抱怨批准或否认许可的决定经常是随意的而不是基于固定的标准。
用法：approve of 批准，赞同
Though not everyone approved of the new dance, saying it was a little too shocking, the dance did find enough supporters to make it popular.【2013安徽阅读】尽管不是所有的人都赞同这种新的舞蹈，说其有点惊讶，该舞蹈仍有使其流行的支持者。 approve的名词形式：approval赞同；批准
approximately [əprɔksɪˈmətlɪ] adv.大约
Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island.【2012山东阅读】专家说修复这个岛屿需要花费$433,600,000元和20年的时间。
apron [ˈeɪprən] n. 围裙 arbitrary [ˈɑːbɪtrərɪ]adj. 武断的；任意的 arch [ɑːtʃ] n. 拱，拱门
architect [ˈɑːkɪtekt] n. 建筑师
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts and behaviors. 【2009北京阅读】建筑师早就有这样的感觉：我们住的地方可以影响我们的思想和行为。
architecture [ˈɑːkɪtektʃə] n. 建筑
Four architecture teams have nearly finished designing primary school samples.【2009湖北阅读】 四个建筑团队几乎已经完成了小学样品的设计。
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同义词：construction n. 建筑；建造
area [ˈeərɪə] n.地区；区域；地方；领域
My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours, but it is twice as expensive.【2009四川单选】我叔叔那位于城中心区域的房子比我们的房子小很多却是我们房价的两倍。
Our feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.【2013浙江阅读】我们的感觉和情感来自于大脑最发达的区域。
This area is often used for entertainment.【2014天津阅读】这个地方是用来娱乐的。
For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple area s like agriculture or in more complex area s like medical and health care.【2013江西阅读】一个国家可以和另一个国家分享科技。这个科技可以是在简单的农业领域也可以实在复杂的医疗领域。
argue [ˈɑ:gju:] v. 争辩；争吵 短语：argue with 与……争吵；
Why do Singaporeans avoid arguing with their boss? 【2014浙江阅读】为什么Singaporeans避免与其老板争吵
argue about/over为……而争吵
It is reported that conservation groups have been arguing about the benefits and dangers of wolves. 【2010江苏阅读】据报道动物保护组织一直为狼的好处及危险而争吵。 argue for 支持
Pearson argued for an advertising campaign designed to convince customers that visits to Sparrow restaurants were fun.【2013山东阅读】Pearson支持旨在使顾客相信来麻雀餐厅是有趣的的广告运动。 argue against 反对
The author argues against free university education.【2010北京阅读】作者反对免费的大学教育。
argue that 争辩……
Jeremy Paxman argued that the English weather is by nature attractive.【2013重庆阅读】 Jeremy Paxman争辩到英国的天气在本质上是有吸引力的。 argue的名词：argument n. 争辩，争吵；论点
arise [əˈraɪz] v. 出现
While scientists are finding ways to make batteries smaller but even more powerful, problems can arise when these batteries are much larger and heavier than the devices themselves.【2010山东阅读】尽管科学家正在寻找方式去使电池更小更有能量，当这些电池比设备本身既大又重的时候问题就会出现。
arithmetic [əˈrɪθmətɪk] n. 数学 同义词：mathematics; maths
arm [ɑːm] n. 手臂；武器 v.提供，配备
We walked arm in arm to his car.【2010全国一阅读】我们手拉手走到他的车那儿
Sales of arms to the Middle East have dramatically increased.【朗文高阶】买往中东的军火数量
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激增。
短语：arm sb with sth提供，配备
She thought that if she armed herself with all the knowledge she could gather she could handle anything.【朗文高阶】她以为，如果获取了所有能学到的知识，就能处理任何事。 arm的形容词形式：armed
armed [ɑ:md] adj. 武装的
In Iran, he was chased by armed robbers and was lucky to escape with his life.【2012上海阅读】在伊朗他被武装劫匪追逐并且很幸运地活着逃了出来。 短语：armed with有（足够的知识，技能或装备）的
Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end.【2009上海阅读】有这样的雄心，她会连续不断地读作者的小说和生活故事。
army [ˈɑːmɪ] n. 军队 armchair [ɑːmˈtʃeə] n. 扶手椅
arrange [əˈreɪndʒ] v. 安排；整理，布置
The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training center with her sister where she would stay for an hour.【2010江西单选】那个女孩安排和她的妹妹在训练中心上音乐课，在那儿他将待一个小时。
Organizing a speech is not just a matter of arranging the ideas you already have.【2011北京阅读】组织语言不仅仅是整理你已经有的想法。
短语：arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人去做某事
My husband arranged for me to ride in a hot air balloon for my birthday.【2011北京阅读】在生日那天我的丈夫安排我去乘热气球。
arrange的名词：arrangement n. 安排；整理，布置
arrive [əˈraɪv] v 到达 arrive的名词形式：arrival [əˈraɪvl]
arrest v. n. 逮捕
The boy helped arrest the murderer.【2012辽宁阅读】那个男孩帮助逮捕了那个谋杀犯。
arrow [ˈærəʊ] n. 箭
art [ɑːt] n. 艺术；艺术作品；技术，技巧；文科，人文学科
Film has a much shorter history, especially when compared to such art forms as music and painting. 【2012全国一单选】电影有一个更短的历史，尤其当它与音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式对比的时候。
Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do.【2009北京阅读】 科学不会告诉我们做人意味着什么，但是艺术作品可以。
Those who study the art of writing will probably like reading More Things in Heaven.【2013陕西阅读】
那些研究写作技术的人将可能读More Things in Heaven这本书。
Arts education is more important than other subjects.【2007山东阅读】人文学科的教育比其
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它学科都重要。
art的形容词是artistic(艺术的)不是artificial(人工的)
Their eyesight is failing due to artificial lighting.【2013天津阅读】他们的视力衰落是由人造等引起的。
art的另一名词形式：artist n. 艺术家
ash [æʃ] n. 灰； 灰末
article [ˈɑːtɪkəl] n. 文章；（一件）物品；
Why this excellent newspaper allows such an article to be printed is beyond me.【2013全国一单选】
为什么这样优秀的报纸会刊登这一篇文章让我很困惑。
In 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.【2012安徽阅读】在2035年商店里面的没一件物品都有这样的芯片。
ashamed [əˈʃeɪmd] adj. (因自己所做的事而）羞耻的，内疚的；(因别人所做的事而）感到不好意思的，难为情的
I was blind, but I was ashamed of it if it was known.【2012广东阅读】我是盲人，耻于让别人知道这一事实。
When I was growing up in America, I was ashamed of my mother’s Chinese English.【2010广东阅读】当我在美国长大的时候，我为我妈的英语感到难为情。 ashamed的名词形式：shame 羞耻，羞愧
ask [ɑːsk] v. 问，询问；要求；请求，邀请；索要（价格）；
I just pretended it all wasn’t happening, and went on lecturing and tried to ask some inspiring questions.【2013浙江阅读】我仅仅假装一切都没有发生，并且继续讲课，努力问一些有启发的问题。
Days later, we made an offer — far below the asking price.【2015天津完形】几天之后我们给了最后的报价——远低于索要的价格。
ask sb to do sth要求某人做某事；邀请某人做某事
Parents ask their kids not to play by the river for fear that something terrible might happen.【2014上海阅读】父母要求孩子不要再河边玩唯恐一些糟糕的事情发生。
If the name is difficult to pronounce, admit it, and ask the person to help you say it correctly.【2007陕西阅读】如果那个名字很难发音的话你得承认这一事实并且请求那个人帮助你把它说正确。
ask for sth 要……
Why did Linda ask for a second wish list? 【2010湖南回答问题】为什么Linda还要一个愿望清单
asleep [əˈsliːp] adj. 睡着的
Frank insisted that he was not asleep although I had great difficulty in waking him up.【2011四川单选】弗兰克坚持说他没有睡着，尽管我很难叫醒他。 短语：fall asleep入睡
There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere.【2011全国二阅
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读】
有些时间人们是如此的疲倦以至于他们能在任何地方都能睡着。 asleep的名词或动词形式：sleep
易混词：sleepy [sliːpi] adj. 困的，昏昏欲睡的
With other heaters, you’ll notice that you get sleepy when the heat comes on because they are burning up oxygen.【2013北京阅读】如果使用其它的取暖器，你将注意到当你打开取暖器的时候你会昏昏欲睡，因为他们正在燃烧氧气
aspect[ˈæspekt] n. 方面
Technological change is everywhere and affects every aspect of life, mostly for the better.【2015年北京阅读】科技改变在所有的地方都有发生并且影响生活的每一方面，其主要影响是好的。 同义词：respect n. 方面；尊重 v. 尊重 assess [əˈses] v. 评价
As you learn to listen critically to speeches in class, you will be better able to assess the ideas of speakers in a variety of situations.【2011北京阅读】当你学会批判性的倾听班上的演讲的时候，你将更能够评价演讲者在不同情况里的思想。
同义词：judge v. 判断，评价；evaluate v. 评价；rate v. 评价 assess的名词：assessment 评价
assessment [əˈsesmənt] n.评价
The following card includes a brief summary and a short assessment of a research paper.【2010上海阅读】下面的卡片包括研究论文的简短的概括和评价
assist [əˈsɪst]v. 帮助，协助
Technology is going to assist but it is not going to do everything.【2014湖南阅读】 科技可以协助我们，但是他不能够代替一切。 assist (sb. ) in /with sth. 帮助某人某事
I swam to Dad immediately and assisted him in climbing onto the hull（船壳）of the boat.【2011重庆完形】我立刻游向爸爸，并且帮助他爬上了船壳。 assist的两个名词为assistant [əˈsɪstənt] 助手; assistance [əˈsɪstəns]援助，帮助
The manager put forward a suggestion that we should have an assistant.【2016天津单选】经理提出了我们应该有一个助手的建议。
If you need medical assistance, tell any park employee.【2013江苏阅读】如果你需要任何医疗帮助，请告诉公园里的员工。
associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] v. 联系
用法：associate A with B 把A和B联系起来
Too much TV has been associated with violence, overweight and loneliness.【2010福建阅读】太多的电视节目与暴力，超重和孤独有关。 同义词 connect；link；relate connect A with B 把A和B联系起来 link A with/to B relate A to B tie A to B
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associate的名词:association
association [əsəʊsɪˈeɪʃən] n. 联系；协会
Surely it doesn’t matter where the student associations get their money from; what counts is what they do with it.【2007湖北单选】当然学生会从哪里得到这些钱这并不重要，重要的是他们怎么用这些钱
The power of words, then, lies in their associations.【2010全国二阅读】文字的力量在于文字之间的联系。 assume [əˈsjuːm] v. 假设；认为
So, let us assume that historical buildings are both attractive and important to the majority of people. 【2014安徽阅读】所以，我们可以假设历史建筑对大多数人是重要且有吸引力的。 But when it comes to medicine, I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients.【2011湖北阅读】但是关于钱，我认为对病人诚实是非常重要的。 assume的名词： assumption [əˈsʌmpʃ(ə)n] 假设
astonish [əˈstɔnɪʃ] v. 使惊讶
During the spring she really astonished me.【2015浙江阅读】在春天她真的让我很惊讶。 astonish的同义词：amaze；surprise astonish的形容词：astonished [əˈstɔnɪʃd]惊讶的；astonishing [əˈstɔnɪʃɪŋ]令人惊讶的
Here is an astonishing and significant fact: Mental work alone can’t make us tire.【2013辽宁阅读】这儿有一个重要且惊讶的事实：单纯的脑力劳动不会使我们感到很累。
His mother felt astonished at the donation.【2012福建阅读】他的妈妈对于这笔捐赠感到很惊讶。
astronaut, astronomer, astronomy
astronaut [ˈæstrənɔːt] n. 宇航员
The exercise bike for the American astronaut has no handlebars.【2015湖北阅读】美国宇航员专用自行车是没有手把的。 astronomer [əˈstrɔnəmə] n. 天文学家
What do the astronomers complain about? 【2013天津阅读】天文学家在抱怨什么？ astronomy [əˈstrɔnəmɪ] n. 天文学
athlete [ˈæθliːt] n. 运动员
The Olympic Games bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. 【2010天津阅读】奥林匹克运动将来自全世界的运动员聚集在一起来参加这一友好的比赛。
athlete的形容词: athletic
athletic [æθˈletɪk] adj. 运动的；强壮的，擅长运动的
He was no match for the two athletic men.【2008湖北完形】他不是这两个强壮男人的对手。 Indeed, Tannin’s athletic career took off.【2008福建阅读】的确Tannin的运动生涯取得了成功。
atmosphere [ˈætməsfɪər] n. 大气；气氛，氛围
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The boss of the company is trying to create an easy atmosphere where his employees enjoy their work.【2015天津单选】该公司的老板努力创造一个员工可以享受他们工作的轻松氛围。 Carbon dioxide, which makes a barrier between us and the sun, prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily, so the earth is becoming warmer.【2013湖北单选】二氧化碳在我们和太阳之间构成了一道障碍，它可以轻松阻止热量离开大气，这样地球变得更加温暖。
atom [ˈætəm] n. 原子
attach [əˈtætʃ] (to fasten or connect one object to another)系；绑；贴；固定；附上
When I opened my book, I found a beautiful card attached to the first page, giving me best wishes. 【2014重庆阅读】当我打开书的时候，我发现一个漂亮的卡片附在首页，给了我最好的祝福
短语：be attached to 喜欢
She is attached to her home.【2013四川阅读】她喜欢她的家。 attach的名词形式attachment [əˈtætʃmənt] n. 喜爱；附件，附属物
attack [əˈtæk] n/v. 攻击；抨击；（疾病的）发作
The elephants are attacked and their land gets limited.【2010上海阅读】大象受到了攻击并且它们的土地变得有限。
Twain’s attack on racism was much less open.【2013江苏阅读】马克吐温对种族主义的抨击不是那么太公开。
Two analyses now show that poor air quality can lead to heart attack.【2012陕西阅读】现在两项分析显示不好的空气质量可以导致心脏病的发作。
attain [əˈteɪn] v.（通过努力）获得，得到
Jim is halfway to attaining his pilot's license.【朗文高阶】吉姆就快要拿到飞行员执照了
同义词：obtain v. （通过努力）获得；gain v. （通过努力）获得；achieve v. （通过努力）获得；
attempt [əˈtempt] v. 尝试，试图；n. 尝试,
However, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes.【2010浙江阅读】然而当一次性尝试更多的要求集中注意力的任务的时候，人们有时会犯错。
Body language is particularly important when we attempt to communicate across cultures.【2012全国一完形】当我们跨文化交流的时候身体语言就尤其重要了
Therefore it should not be surprising that our first attempt at expressing ideas should look so simple. 【2009辽宁阅读】因此，我们第一次尝试表达想法应该比较简单，这并不惊讶。 Such an attempt to establish a positive relationship between a company and the general public was unusual for that time.【2013山东】在公司和大众之间建立良好关系的这一尝试在在当时并不寻常。
attend [əˈtend] v. 参加，出席；照料（look after someone especially they are ill）
Hundreds of animal lovers attended the completion ceremony of the new bridge.【2012山东阅读】
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几百名动物爱好者参加了新桥的竣工仪式。
By now paramedics（救援人员）had arrived, and were attending the injured woman.【2014福建阅读】现在救援人员已经到达并且照料这位受伤的妇女。 短语：attend to 处理；照料
As they breathe in and out, they attend to their feelings.【2007天津阅读】当他们呼吸的时候他们可以处理他们的感觉。 attend to a baby照料小孩
attention [əˈtenʃn] n.注意力
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically.【2009北京阅读】利用自然来改善注意力的集中在学术上市可以获得回报的。 短语：pay attention to 注重 = fix/focus one’s attention on
So, it’s important to pay attention to every detail.【2010江苏阅读】所以注重每一个细节非常重要。
draw/attract one’s attention 吸引……的注意力
Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and1940s.【2012安徽阅读】 不幸的是她的作品在20世纪40年代并没有吸引太多的注意。 attention的形容词形式：attentive [ə'tentiv] adj. 注意力集中的
attitude [ˈætɪtjuːd] n. 态度；
用法：attitude to/towards sth 对……的态度
This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are based on class prejudice. 【2015广东阅读】这表明英国人对口音的态度是根深蒂固的并且具有阶级偏见。
attract [əˈtrækt] v. 吸引
First he opened a shop and then he put up a sign outside the shop to attract customers.【2013浙江阅读】他先开一个店，然后在店外挂一个指示牌来吸引顾客。 同义词：appeal to吸引 attract的形容词为attractive attract的名词形式为attraction
attractive [əˈtræktɪv] adj. 有吸引力的
However, the audience for these sports is attractive to certain advertisers.【2012广东阅读】然而，这些运动的观众对于某些广告商而言是有吸引力的。
attraction [əˈtrækʃn] n. 吸引力
Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major tourist attraction.【2015新课标二阅读】
现在，这个之前是皇家宫殿的地方现在已经是一个主要的旅游景点了。
audience [ˈɔːdɪəns] n. 观众，听众
No sooner had Mo Yan stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause. 【2014陕西单选】莫言一登上舞台观众就爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。
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authentic [ɔːˈθentɪk]adj. 正宗的；原创的 author [ˈɔːθə] n. 作者，作家
authority [ɔːˈθɔrɪtɪ] n. 权力；权威
Rank is important and authority is respected.【2014浙江阅读】等级非常重要并且权力受到尊重。
Both sides wish to be considered an authority.【2010湖北阅读】双方都希望被认为是权威。
automatic [ɔːtəˈmætɪk]adj. 自动的
Yet I think the term ‘automatic shop’ is far more appropriate.【2014上海填空】但是我认为“自动商店”这一术语更合适。
autonomous [ɔːˈtɔnəməs] adj. 自治的，自主的 aunt [ɑːnt] n. 伯母；舅母；婶；姑；姨 autumn [ˈɔːtəm] n. 秋天，秋季 avenue [ˈævənjuː] n. 大道
available [əˈveɪləbl] adj.（物）可获得的，可用的；（人）有空的
The photos and interviews are now available on our website.【2013重庆阅读】我们的网站上有那些照片与采访。
However, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.【2011安徽阅读】然而到20世纪40年代几乎美国所有的地区都可以用上电，风车就很少使用了。
If you are available a few hours during the day, please call Gayle Moore, days 800-1111.【2009浙江阅读】如果你白天有空的话请拨打白天的电话800-1111
average [ˈævərɪdʒ] adj. 普通的；平均的 n. 平均数 v. 平均为
That was too expensive for the average American family. 【2007江苏阅读】那对于普通的美国家庭来说太贵了。
Over the past century, the pole has been migrating at an average speed of about 10 kilometers per year.【2007湖南阅读】在过去的一个世纪，人口的迁移的平均速度为每年10千米。 University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects.【2009山东阅读】去年大学申请增加了7%，但是有几门科目的申请超过了平均数。
A wife with a part-time job still works an average of 59 hours a week at home.【2008四川阅读】 有兼职工作的妻子每周在家平均工作59小时。
Feature articles average about 1,000 to 2,000 words.【2011北京阅读】特写文章平均大概1000到2000字。
短语：on average 平均
Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier.【2007湖北阅读】研究者发现：平均来看，富人更加幸福。
avoid [əˈvɔɪd] v. 避免；回避，避开；逃避
We should avoid judging people by their appearances.【2010重庆阅读】我们应该避免以貌取人
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In 2002, scientist Lucy King and her team found that elephants avoid certain trees with bees living in them.【2014安徽阅读】在2002年科学家Lucy King和他的团队发现大象避开某些有蜜蜂居住的树
They wanted to avoid the heat outside.【2014山东阅读】他们想逃避外面的酷热。
awake [əˈweɪk] adj 醒着的；v. 唤醒
She had stayed awake for 20-25 hours and then had slept for 10 hours.【2010辽宁阅读】她醒了有20到25个小时，然后又睡了10个小时。
She tried hard to move, but could not, until a sharp sound awoke her.【2011江西完形】他努力地动却动不了，直到一个尖锐的声音唤醒了她。 易混词： wake；waken（见W）
award n. [əˈwɔːd] 奖，奖赏；v. 给予，授予
The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school through graduate school level.【2008天津阅读】 这本书在1985年获奖了并且在从中学到大学当中都被使用。 Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012, made one of the Chinese people’s long-held dreams come true.【2013安徽单选】 莫言在2012年获得了诺贝尔文学奖，使中国的梦想成真。
用法：award sb sth = award sth to sb 授予某人某物
And years later, she was proud that her son had read thousands of books and was awarded a PhD in literature.【2015天津阅读】几年之后，她为她的儿子感到自豪，并且她的儿子被授予了文学博士。
aware [əˈweə] adj. 知道的；意识到的
短语：aware of/that从句 知道……，意识到……
The recent success of children's books has made the general public aware that there's a huge market out there.【2009北京阅读】最近童书的成功使公众意识到那儿是有巨大的市场的。 I finally became aware of the fact that I had been working with this colleague for at least a year.【2009广东阅读】我最终知道了这样一个事实：我和这个同事工作至少一年了。
It is important to be aware of these dangers because everyone is exposed to air pollution regardless of lifestyle choices.【2012陕西阅读】知道这些危险非常重要，因为不管选择何种生活方式每个人都暴露于污染中。
awesome [ˈɔːsəm] adj. 很好的，极好的 其反义词: awful
awful [ˈɔːfʊl] adj.糟糕的，讨厌的
In her book, she describes that awful day, almost 40 years ago, when she received two pieces of life-changing news.【2010湖南阅读】在他的书中，她描述了40年前糟糕的一天，当时她收到了2个改变一生的消息。
awkward [ˈɔːkwəd] 尴尬的；紧张的，不舒服的；难办的，难用的，难处理的；
Dad was a little awkward about his flash of fear.【2011重庆完形】爸爸对他那一瞬间的恐惧感到紧张。
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Every traveler to a foreign country feels awkward at some point.【2014重庆完形】每一个去外国的游客在某个时刻都会感到尴尬。
Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second.【2011江苏阅读】Shay缓了一口气，艰难地跑向二垒。
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