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(英语)英语定语从句练习

2022-06-22 来源:客趣旅游网


(英语)英语定语从句练习

一、定语从句

1.—Have you ever heard of Langlang?

—Sure. He is one of ______ pianists ______ I have even seen.

A.good; that B.much better; who

C.the best; which D.the best; that

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

句意:——你有没有听说朗朗?——当然听说了。他是我见过的最好的钢琴家之一。Good好的,better更好的;best最好的。形容词的比较级前可用much修饰,表示程度;形容词的最高级前通常要加定冠词。one of……之一,其后面的中心名词用复数形式,该名词前的形容词用最高级形式。先行词pianists在宾语从句中作宾语,他的前面有最高级修饰,该用关系代词that代替。所以选D。

2.I like listening to music______ can touch the heart of people.

A.that B.who C.where D.what

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我喜欢听能触动人心的音乐。考查定语从句引导词。what不引导定语从句,可排除。that可指人指物;who指人;where指地点。本句先行词music是物,引导词做从句的主语,需用that引导;根据句意语境,可知选A。

3.---How do you like the Sun Island?Is it worth visiting?

---Sure. It’s one of the best places I have ever been to. A.which B.that C.who

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:----你觉得太阳岛怎么样?值得一游吗?----当然。这是我去过的最好的地方之一。考查定语从句引导词。本句先行词places是物,引导词在定语从句中作宾语,可知用that或which引导此定语从句,但先行词有最高级修饰时,只能用that引导此定语从句。故选B。

【点睛】

定语从句是用作定语的从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。引导定语从句的词叫引导词,引导词分为关系代词(that/who/whom/which/whose)和关系副词(when/where/why)。引导词连接先行词和定语从句,在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语,关系副词充当状语)。先行词是物时,用that或which引导定语从句;当先行词是人时,用who或that引导定语从句。(一)、当先行词是物时,只用that的情况:1.当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。2.当先行词为两个或两个以上分别指人和物的名词时。3.当先行词本身是all的,用that.(all that=what).(that在定语从句中充当宾语可以省略)4.先行词为something, anything, nothing, everything, thing等不定代词时,用that。5.当先行词前有all, much, little, many, (a) few, every, some, any, no, only, the very, one of, the only, the last, the next等修饰语时。(二)、先行词既有人又有物时,或当先行词在以who或which开头的特殊疑问句中时,用that引导以避免混淆。7.当先行词是在定语从句中作表语时,用that。

4.The leaders from eight countries attended the Shanghai cooperation organization summit in Qingdao got the welcome of the Chinese people.

A.whom B.what C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:出席上海合作组织青岛峰会的8国领导人受到中国人民的欢迎。考查关系代词辨析。what不是关系词,可排除。whom和who都用于先行词是人时,但whom用作宾语,who用作主语或宾语;which用于先行词是物时。本句先行词The leaders是人,可排除which;关系词在从句中做主语,可排除whom。根据句意结构和语境,可知选C。

5.Children like stories _______have happy endings, and so do many old people.

A.who B.which C.what

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:孩子们喜欢有美满结局的故事,许多老人也是。who引导定语从句,修饰人;which引导定语从句,修饰事物;what引导名词性从句。此处修饰先行词stories的定语从句,修饰事物,故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选B。

6.Success will belong to those never say “impossible” .

A.whom B.what C.who D.Which

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:成功属于那些永远不说不可能的人。此处考的是定语从句,先行词是those那些人,而且关系代词在句中做主语,所以用who,选C;whom可指代人,但做宾语;which只能指物,故选C。

考点:考查定语从句。

7.-Have you found the information about the famous people ______ you can use for the report?

-Not yet. I’ll search some on the Internet.

A.who B.what C.whom D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你有没有找到一些能够用于报告的名人的信息?——还没有。我将在网上搜索一些。

考查定语从句。本句先行词information是物,在定语从句中作宾语,故用关系代词which或that引导定语从句,所以选D。

8.—Have you seen my watch anywhere, Lucy?

—Is it the one your uncle bought for you in Hong Kong?

A.who B.what C.that D.when

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:-露西,你在哪儿看到我的表了吗?-是你叔叔在香港给你买的那一块吗?后句是一个带有定语从句的复合句,先行词the one指事物“表”,关系词用that。故选C。

考点:考查连词辨析。

9.This is the most beautiful picture __________ I have ever seen.

A.that B.which C.what D.who

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:这是我见过的最漂亮的画。考查定语从句。先行词被最高级修饰时,引导词应用that。

结合句意和语境可知选A。

点睛:限制性定语从句中只能用that 引导定语从句的几种情况:

当先行词是everything, anything, nothing (something 除外), all, none, few, little, some等不定代词时,或当先行词受every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等词修饰时。如:

Have you set down everything that Mr Li said? There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可用关系代词who。如: Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 All the guests that / who were invited to her wedding were important people. 所有被邀请参加婚礼的客人都是重要人物。2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时。如:The first American movie that I watched was the Titanic. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如: This is the best museum that I have visited all my life. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only, the first / last等修饰时。如: She is the only person that understands me. 注意: 当先行词指人时,偶尔也可以用关系代词who。如:

Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting. 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时。如:Who is the man that is standing in front of the crowd? 站在人群前面的那个人是谁?Which is the room that Mr Wang lives in? 哪一间是王先生住的房间?

当先行词人与物时。如:Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.

当先行词是reason, way(方法)等词时,关系代词常用that代替in which, for which, why, 也常可省略。如:She admired the way (that) they solved the questions.

10.﹣ Do you like the weekly talk show,The Readers,on CCTV?

﹣ Sure.It' s a great TV program purpose is to bring the habit of reading back into the public.

A.which B.that C.what D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:﹣﹣你喜欢CCTV的每周脱口秀节目朗读者吗?﹣﹣当然.这是一个很棒的电

视节目,其目的是把阅读习惯带回公众.先行词a great TV program,关系词在定语从句中做purpose的定语,故用关系代词whose.故选D.

11.Kids, I hope you’ll remember the good old days____we spent together in junior high though it’s time to say goodbye.

A.who B.what C.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:孩子们,虽然到了说再见的时候了,我希望你们将记住那些我们一起在初中度过的美好的旧时光。who关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指人,在从句中作主语或宾语;what什么,不能引导定语从句;which关系代词,引导定语从句,先行词指物,在从句中作主语或宾语。根据句子结构可知,这里考查定语从句,先行词是the good old days,从句中spent后缺少宾语,应用关系代词which引导,故应选C。

12.—Which song do you like better, Maria?

—I prefer the song Manual of Youth ________ is sung by TFBOYS.

A.which B.who C.whom D.where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:﹣﹣Maria,你比较喜欢哪首歌?﹣﹣我比较喜欢由 TFBOYS演唱的《青春修炼手册》.

首先分析句子结构,本句中的is sung by TFBOYS在复合句中作定语从句,其中先行词the song Manual of Youth指物,且在定语从句中做逻辑主语,所以关系代词用that/which,故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

13.-Have you got ready for the soccer game?

-Yes,I've done everything ___________ I can to win the game.

A.who B.that C.which

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你准备好参加足球比赛了吗?——是的,我已经尽我所能来赢得比赛。

本题考查定语从句的连接词,who的先行词是人,that的先行词是人或物,which的先行词是物。当先行词是不定代词时,只能用that,不能用which,故答案为B。

【点睛】

引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种:

当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。

当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

当王句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:

Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?

)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:

The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

14.That was his first invention. It was a machine ________ clothes.

A.that used to wash B.which was used to washing

C.which got used to washing D.that was used to wash

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:那是他的第一个发明。那是一台用来洗衣服的机器。本题考查的是be used to do sth. “被用于做某事”的用法,而不是be/get used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”的用法,排除B/C;再由That was his first invention.可知,本题是过去时,因此在that引导的定语从句中,应该用一般过去时的被动句。was used to wash被用来洗衣

服,语境是:那是一台被用来洗衣服的机器。故选D。

15.—Have you seen the film The Wandering Earth(流浪地球) ?

—Yes. It's the best one I have ever seen.

A.that B.which C.what D.it

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意:——你看过《流浪地球》这部电影吗?——这是我看到过的电影中最好的一部。

此句考查定语从句的关联词,that/which可以引导定语从句,what,it不能引导定语从句,首先排除C,D;先行词是不定代词one,前面被形容词的最高级best修饰,引导词只能用that不能用which,故答案为A.

【点睛】

引导定语从句的关系代词有:that(指人或物),which(指物),who(指人)。指人时可用that或who,指物时可用that或which,但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种:

当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。例如:

Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么可以为你做的吗?

All that can be done must be done.凡是能做的都必须做。

当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如:

That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop.那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一 。

The first thing that we should do is to get some food.我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。

当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。例如:

My necklace is not the only thing that's missing.我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。

当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that,不用which或who。以避免重复。例如:

Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat?正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁?

)当先行词既有人又有物时,用that不用which。例如:

The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known.

你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。

16.I have some information about the astronauts _______ is helpful to you.

A.who B.what C.that D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:我有些关于宇航员的信息对你有帮助。这里是定语从句,先行词是information是物,关系词用that,在句中做主语。先行词是人关系词用who;whose在定语从句中做定语。根据题意,故选C。

点睛:1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置

17.The story ______ I read in the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.

A.whose B.who C.that D.where

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:我在报纸上读到的那个故事是关于青少年的一个普遍问题。

考查定语从句的先行词。这里指代我在报纸上所读的故事,用that作为定语从句的先行词。故选C。

18.Everyone ____ has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.

A.why B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【考点定位】:考查定语从句。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:去过上海的每个人都说它是一个现代化的城市。why为什么;whose谁的;who谁,可以引导定语从句,主语是人;which哪一个,可以引导定语从句,先行词指物。根据句意可知,这里考查的是定语从句,先行词是Everyone,指代

人,根据句意可知选C。

19.According to a survey, people ___________ are able to speak two languages can manage two things at the same time more easily.

A.which B.whom C.whose D.who

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:根据一项调查,能说两种语言的人可以同时管理两件事。考查疑问词辨析。A. which哪一个,代物/人;B. whom谁,宾格,代人;C. whose谁的,代物主;D. who谁,主格,代人。本句是定语从句,people人/人们,在句中做主语,结合句意和语境,可知选D。

20.--Which is your new neighbor, Liu Hua? --The man _______ T-shirt is red.

A.that B.who C.which D.whose

【答案】D

【解析】

【分析】

考点:考查连词辨析。

【详解】

试题分析:句意:——李华,哪个是你的新邻居?——T恤是红色的那个男士。男士的T恤,表示所有关系,用关系词whose,故选D。

21.—Why don't you like fishing?

—Fishing is a hobby____needs much patience,but I'm not patient at all.

A.that B.who C.whom D.Where

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:——你为什么不喜欢钓鱼?——钓鱼是一项需要许多耐心的爱好,但是我一点耐心都没有。本题考查定语从句。先行词 hobby (爱好) 指事物,关系代词应用that或which.故选A项。

考点:考查定语从句的用法

22.The Gree (格力) Company is developing a new kind of machine can cool down our rooms more quickly.

A.who B.what C.whom D.which

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析:句意:格力公司正在开发一种新的机器,它可以使我们的房间更迅速地降温。A. who先行词为人,作主语;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. whom先行词为人,作宾语;D. which先行词为物,此句的先行词为machine,指物,故答案为D。

考点:考查定语从句的连接词。

23.– What kind of musicians do you like?

– I like musicians can write their own lyrics. A. which B. who C. whom

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析:句意:--你喜欢哪类音乐人?—我喜欢那种能自己写词的音乐人。指人,在定语从句中作主语,故用关系代词who引导定语从句,故选B。

考点:考查代词的用法。

24.--- What do you think of him?

--- I hate people ____ talk much but do little.

A.who B.whom C.which D.whose

【答案】A

【解析】

本题修饰名词people是一个定语从句,先行词是人,关系词在从句中作主语,故关系词可用who,故本题选A。

25.The young lady _________ we met yesterday is our new maths teacher.

A.what B.whose C.who D.which

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:昨天我们见到的那位年轻的女士是我们的新数学老师。这里是定语从句,先行词是The young lady,这里关系词用who,在定语从句中做宾语,根据题意,故选C。

26.Fewer and fewer people spend time reading. There were only 49% of adults in the US ________ visited a public library last year.

A.who B.where C.when D.which

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:越来越少的人花时间读书。去年在美国只有49%的成年人参观一个公共图书馆。修饰名词adults,作定语从句的主语,故用关系代词who,故选A。

27.Reading is a wonderful thing. It can take you to places ___ you have never visited.

A.where B.which C.what D.who

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:读书是一件好事,它能把你带到一个你从来没有参观过的地方。这里考查定语从句,先行词是places;定语从句中缺少句子的宾语,where在定语从句中作状语,故排除A;what不能引导定语从句;who引导定语从句的时,先行词是人的。Which在定语从句中可以作宾语或主语,先行词可以指的是地点的词。故选B。

28.The young man __________ is a friend of mine.

A.who I had a talk B.whom I had a talk with

C.whom I had a talk D.which I had a talk with

【答案】B

【解析】句意:和我交谈的那个年轻人是我的一个朋友。短语have a talk with sb和某人交谈;空格处是定语从句,先行词 man是指人的,关系词在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,故选B。

29.The first thing________ I did on Mother’s Day was to make breakfast for her.

A.who B.where C.whose D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

句意:我在母亲节要做的第一件事情就是为她做一顿早饭。整个句子的主语是The first thing,谓语动词是was,to make breakfast for her是表语。I did on Mother’s Day作定语修饰前面的the first thing, 定语从句中缺少did的宾语,先行词the first thing是指事情,who指人的,故排除A;where在定语从句当中作状语,故排除B;whose在定语从句中作定语,故排除C,因为先行词有序数词来修饰,指物的时候关系词应该用that,故选D。

点睛:考查定语从句中关系词的选用。首先应当会分析句子成分,会分析这是一个定语从句;其次必须了解四个选项的关系词,在定语从句当中所做的成分及指代的什么。

30.Wang Yangming is a great educationalist developed most of his thoughts in Xiuwen.

A.which B.what C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意:王阳明是教育界的一位伟大的教育家,他的大部分思想都是在修文中发展起来的。A. which关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B. what不能引导定语从句;C. who关系词,引导定语从句,先行词是人,根据 educationalis指人,所以用who,故选C。

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