一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。
主动语态变为被动语态口诀: 主变宾，宾变主，谓语变be done ,时不变,“be”要随着主语变. 三、各种时态的被动语态的构成
1.一般现在时：主语+be（is/am/are）+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态
① People use knives for cutting things.
______________________________________________________________________ ② They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.
______________________________________________________________________ ③ They speak English in Canada.
______________________________________________________________________ ④ They grow rice in South China.
______________________________________________________________________ ⑤ People use metal(金属) for making machines.
______________________________________________________________________ ⑥ Where do people plant the trees?
______________________________________________________________________ 2. 一般过去时：主语+be（was/were）+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态
① The wind blew down the big tree last night.
______________________________________________________________________ ② My sister took these photos on the Great Wall.
______________________________________________________________________ ③ They built many tall buildings in their hometown last year.
______________________________________________________________________ ④ When did you invent the strange machine?
______________________________________________________________________ 3. 一般将来时：主语+will+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它
或主语+be going to+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态
① They will build another bridge in the city next year.
______________________________________________________________________ ② Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday?
____________a sports meeting ____________________in our school next Friday ? ③ They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening.
A lot of pop stars ___________________________________to the charity show this evening. ④ We are not going to hold a parents’ meeting tomorrow.
A parents’ meeting _________________________________________tomorrow.
4. 含情态动词：主语+情态动词+be（不变形）+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态
① Amy can take good care of Tina.
______________________________________________________________________ ② You can find a lot of differences between the two languages.
______________________________________________________________________ ③ They should collect money for the project.
______________________________________________________________________ ④ We can finish the work in two days.
______________________________________________________________________ ⑤ We must water the flowers every day. ____________________________________ 四、使用被动语态的注意点：
1.感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接不带to动词不定式变成被动语态时要加上“to” 即：----see/hear/notice sb. do sth.变为了sb. be seen/heard/noticed to do sth. ----let/make/have sb. do sth.变为了sb. be let/made/had to do sth. 把下列句子改为被动语态
① The boss makes the workers work all day.
______________________________________________________________________ ② I often hear her sing in the room.
______________________________________________________________________ ③ I saw him enter the reading room yesterday afternoon.
______________________________________________________________________ ④ Daniel saw the boy run yesterday.
______________________________________________________________________ 2.常见变被动的表达
see sb. doing sb. be seen doing hear sb. doing sb. be heard doing watch sb. doin sb. be watched doing notice sb. doing sb. be noticed doing tell sb. to do sb. be told to do ask sb. to do sb. be asked to do invited sb. to do sb. be invited to do 把下列句子改为被动语态
① We saw them playing soccer over there.
______________________________________________________________________ ② He asked me to buy some sugar.
______________________________________________________________________ 3.含有双宾语的主动、被动转换
主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)
主语(sb) +be done+直接宾语(sth)+by sb
主语(sth) +be done+to/for+间接宾语(sb)+by sb 把下列句子改为被动语态
① We gave our teachers some flowers.
Our teachers___________________________________________________________________
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Some flowers__________________________________________________________________ ② My mother will buy me a new coat.
I ___________________________________________________________________
A new coat___________________________________________________________________ ③ Lily sent me a New Year card last week.
I __________________________________________________________________
A new card ___________________________________________________________________
4.主动语态中“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”的短语动词变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。要整体搬迁。
把下列句子改为被动语态 ① They look after the girl well.
______________________________________________________________________ ② He often laughs at the poor boy.
______________________________________________________________________ 五、几种不用被动语态的情况： 1.不及物动词（vi）没有被动语态, 直接用主动语态表示被动意义。如：happen, cost, die, fall ,start/begin, rise, appear, disappear,etc. 用括号所给动词翻译句子
①这台电脑花了我5000元。(cost)
______________________________________________________________________ ②昨天他发生了一起事故。(happen)
______________________________________________________________________ ③他爷爷3年前去世了。(die)
______________________________________________________________________
2.一些短语动词相当于不及物动词，没有被动结构, 直接用主动形式来表示被动意义。如： take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong to 等 用括号所给动词翻译句子
① 我校运动会将在下周举办。(take place)
______________________________________________________________________ ②我的自行车坏了。（break down 完成时）
______________________________________________________________________ ③I hope that your dream ___________ (come ) true in the future. 3.系动词（linking V）没有被动语态（seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain, stay, sound, feel, smell, taste等）
用括号所给动词翻译句子
①这食物尝起来味道很好。(taste) __________________________________________________ ②他的主意听起来不错。(sound) ___________________________________________________ ③她的新裙子摸起来很柔软。(feel) _________________________________________________
4.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当他们与well, badly, easily等副词连用时表示主语内在品质或性能，无被动形式。 常见的动词有read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean等 用括号所给动词翻译句子
①书很好卖。(sell) _______________________________________________________________ 区别：书在这家商店被卖出。______________________________________________________ ②这笔写起来很顺滑。(write，smoothly) _____________________________________________ ③这衣服很好洗。(wash) __________________________________________________________
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六、综合练习
A.用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。 (请注意时态和语态两个方面) 1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge______________（build）in two months． 2.Which language _______the most widely_______（speak）in the world？ 3.Last year a large number of trees______________（cut）down． 4. The students _____ often _____(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 5. The old man is ill. He ______ (must send) to the hospital. 6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits_________ (sell) in this shop. 7. What _______ knives ______ (make) of ?
They_______________(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 8. Can the magazine ________ (take) out of the library? 9. The room _____________ (clean) by me every day. 10. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
11. The flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming yesterday. 12. This kind of shoes __________ (sell) well.
13. How long _____ your uncle ______(be) in the city? 14. The food _____________ (smell) delicious. 15. Look! Someone __________(dance). B.按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _______ people _________ tea in South China？
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）
A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year． 3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问) How_______ _______ the work going to be finished ? 4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态) An English song ______ ______ _______ by the children. 5. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal ________ _________ _______making machines. 6. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him. 7.Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态) __________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago? 8.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game _______ ________ “Lianliankan” by us.
第二部分 被动语态练习
一、单项选择。
( )1.— I feel very happy that I ___________ to be the host. — Congratulations. A. choose B. was chosen C. have chosen D. chose ( )2. — Did you go to Jack’s birthday party? — No, I __________. A. am not invited B. wasn’t invited C. haven’t invited D. didn’t invite
( )3. ─I want to teach in this area. ─ Well, teachers __________ very much here.
A. need B. are needing C. are needed D. will need ( )4. Where ________ the trousers _________ ? A. are; made in B. are; made C. is; made in D. is; made ( )5. — I bought a book yesterday. — Really? Who _________ this book __________? A. did; written by B. do; written C. was; written by D. was; written ( )6. Each year quite a lot of food __________ around the world. A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted ( ) 7. — How was the situation here yesterday?
— Well, no further change ___ yesterday.
A. was taken place B. has taken place C. took place D. would take place ( )8. A talk on developments in science and technology _____ in the school hall next week .
A. given B. will be given C. has been given D. gives ( )9. —Alice, you ______ on the phone. —I'm coming. Thanks.
A. want B. are wanted C. are wanting D. have wanted ( ) 10. The books _________ by Guo Jingming ___________ out already. A. are written, have sold B. written, have been sold C. written, sell D. write, are sold
( )11. These books ______ out of the reading room. You have to read them here.
A. must be taken B. can’t take C. can take D. mustn’t be taken ( )12. —What should we do first if we want to develop our village?
—A lot of new roads ______, I think.
A. must build B. have to build C. must be built D. have built ( )13.—At present, one of the best ways to study is working in groups.
---More chances _________ to students to learn from each other.
A. offer B. are offered C. have offered D. are offering ( )14.Stamps __________ sending letters.
A. used to B. are used to C. are used for D. are using for ( )15A dog __________ the screen.
A. appeared on B. is appeared in C. appeared in D. was appeared on ( )16. An accident ____ on this road last week.
A. has been happened B. was happened C. is happened D. happened ( )17. This kind of cloth ________ well in this shop because it ________ very easily. A. sells, is washed B. is sold, is washed C. is sold, washes D. sells, washes ( ) 18. The fish ________ very nice. Who ______ it _______ by?
A. is smelt, did, cook B. smells, did, cook C. smells, was, cooked D. is smelt, was, cooked ( ) 19. The letter _____ three days ago and it _____ yesterday.
A. had post, had arrived B. was posted, arrived C. was posted, was arrived D. posted; arrived 二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said that the long bridge______________(build)in two months． 2.Where to have the meeting _________________ (discuss)now．
3.Which language _________the most widely____________(speak)in the world？ 4. The lost boy_____________(not find)so far.
5. Last year a large number of trees______________(cut)down．
6. The students _______ often ________(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs.
7. The old man is ill. He _______________ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Can the magazine _____________ (take) out of the library? 9. The stars can’t _____________ (see) in the daytime.
10. Some flowers _______________ (water) by Li Ming already.
11. The boys were seen ___________(play) football by our teacher at that time. 12. Your pen __________(write) smoothly, where ______ you __________(buy) it? 13. The class meeting _____________(hold) last Wednesday afternoon.
14. Jim ______________(learn) many Chinese songs since he came to China. 15. The little dog was seen ___________(fall) into the river just now. 16. News programmes ________________(show) on TV every day. 17. China will be greener if more trees _____________(plant) .
18. The 29th Olympic Games ______________(take) place in Beijing ,China.
19. His father _____________ (read) newspaper when someone knocked at the door. 20. I’m afraid the trousers of your size _____________(sell) out already. 21. My new sweater ____________(make) of wool.
22. Thousands of new books are ___________(print) every day. 23. My homework _____________(check) half an hour ago.
24. This birthday present ______________ (send)to me by my friend from America last week. 25. Trees ___________ (can plant) either in spring or in autumn.
26. Yesterday, she was made______________(finish) all the work in a short time by his boss. 27. In the United States, lunch __________ (provide) for students for free at school. 28. She _________ (marry) to that man for 3 years.
29. The whole place ____________ (cover ) with snow. How beautiful!
30. People didn’t send the boy to hospital because he _____________ ( not hurt ). 31. If you ____________ (rob), you may call \"110\" for help. 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1. I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换）
A birthday present _______ _______ _______ _______by my parents every year． 2. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态)
I ______ ________ ________ ______ that for him. 3. They are watching the football match.
The football match _______ _______ _______ by them. 4. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态)
__________ a bridge ____________ here by them a year ago? 5. They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态)
The light green dresses ________ _________ ___________ out. 6. We’ll build another bridge over the Huanghe River.
Another bridge __________ __________ __________over the Huanghe River. 7. Our English teacher teaches us beautiful English songs in class.
Beautiful songs_________ __________ ___________ ____________ by our English teacher 8. I am given a birthday present by my parents every year.
A birthday present_______ __________ _________ _________ ________ my parents every year.
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8下 Unit 8 语法知识被动语态讲解与练习答案
一、概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态。 二、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换。
主动语态变为被动语态口诀: 主变宾，宾变主，谓语变be done ,时不变,“be”要随着主语变. 三、各种时态的被动语态的构成
1.一般现在时：主语+be（is/am/are）+过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态
① People use knives for cutting things.
__The knives are used for cutting things.__ ② They produce silk in Suzhou and Hangzhou.
__The silk is produced in Shuzhou and Hangzhou by them._ ③ They speak English in Canada.
__English is spoken by them in Canada._ ④ They grow rice in South China. __Rice is grown in South China.__
⑤ People use metal(金属) for making machines. ___Metal is used for making machines.___ ⑥ Where do people plant the trees?
__Where are the trees planted by people?____
2. 一般过去时：主语+be（was/were）+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态
① The wind blew down the big tree last night. ____The big tree was blown down last night.__ ② My sister took these photos on the Great Wall.
___These photos were taken by my sister on the Great Wall.___ ③ They built many tall buildings in their hometown last year. __Many tall buildings were built in their hometown last year._ ④ When did you invent the strange machine?
__When was the strange machine invented by you?__
3. 一般将来时：主语+will+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它
或主语+be going to+ be(不变形) +过去分词done+其它
把下列句子改为被动语态
① They will build another bridge in the city next year. ___Another bridge will be built in the city next year.___
② Will you hold a sports meeting in your school next Friday? _Will_a sports meeting _be held_in our school next Friday ?
③ They are going to invite a lot of pop stars to the charity show this evening. A lot of pop stars __are going to be invited__to the charity show this evening. ④ We are not going to hold a parents’ meeting tomorrow. A parents’ meeting ___is not going to be held__tomorrow.
4. 含情态动词：主语+情态动词+be（不变形）+过去分词done+其它 把下列句子改为被动语态
① Amy can take good care of Tina.
___Tina can be taken good care of by Amy.____
② You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. ___A lot of differences can be found between the two languages.__ ③ They should collect money for the project. ___Money should be collected for the project.___ ④ We can finish the work in two days.
___The work can be finished in two days.___ ⑤ We must water the flowers every day. __The flowers must be watered every day.__ 四、使用被动语态的注意点：
1.感官动词、使役动词等在主动语态中后接不带to动词不定式变成被动语态时要加上“to” 即：----see/hear/notice sb. do sth.变为了sb. be seen/heard/noticed to do sth. ----let/make/have sb. do sth.变为了sb. be let/made/had to do sth. 把下列句子改为被动语态
① The boss makes the workers work all day. ___The workers is made to work all day.__ ② I often hear her sing in the room.
___She is often heard to sing in the room.___
③ I saw him enter the reading room yesterday afternoon.
___He is seen to enter the reading room yesterday afternoon.___ ④ Daniel saw the boy run yesterday. ___The boy was seen to run yesterday.__ 2.常见变被动的表达
see sb. doing sb. be seen doing hear sb. doing sb. be heard doing watch sb. doin sb. be watched doing notice sb. doing sb. be noticed doing tell sb. to do sb. be told to do ask sb. to do sb. be asked to do invited sb. to do sb. be invited to do 把下列句子改为被动语态
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① We saw them playing soccer over there.
____They were seen playing soccer over there.___ ② He asked me to buy some sugar. ___I was asked to buy some sugar.___ 3.含有双宾语的主动、被动转换
主语+谓语+间接宾语(sb)+直接宾语(sth)
主语(sb) +be done+直接宾语(sth)+by sb
主语(sth) +be done+to/for+间接宾语(sb)+by sb 把下列句子改为被动语态
① We gave our teachers some flowers.
Our teachers__were given to some flowers.___ Some flowers__were give to our teachers.__ ② My mother will buy me a new coat. I _will be bought a new coat._
A new coat__will be bought for me.__
③ Lily sent me a New Year card last week. I _was sent a New Year card last week._ A new card __was sent to me last week.__
4.主动语态中“动词+介词”或“动词+副词”的短语动词变为被动语态时，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。要整体搬迁。
把下列句子改为被动语态 ① They look after the girl well.
___The girl is looked after well.____ ② He often laughs at the poor boy. ___The poor boy is often laughed.__ 五、几种不用被动语态的情况： 1.不及物动词（vi）没有被动语态, 直接用主动语态表示被动意义。如：happen, cost, die, fall ,start/begin, rise, appear, disappear,etc. 用括号所给动词翻译句子
①这台电脑花了我5000元。(cost) __The computer cost me 5000 yuan.___ ②昨天他发生了一起事故。(happen)
__An accident happened to him yesterday.___ ③他爷爷3年前去世了。(die)
___His grandfather died three years ago.___
2.一些短语动词相当于不及物动词，没有被动结构, 直接用主动形式来表示被动意义。如： take place, set out, come true, break out, break down, come out, belong to 等 用括号所给动词翻译句子
① 我校运动会将在下周举办。(take place)
___Our school sports meeting will take place next week.___ ②我的自行车坏了。（break down 完成时）
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___My bike broke down.____
③I hope that your dream __will come true__ (come ) true in the future. 3.系动词（linking V）没有被动语态（seem, look, become, get, grow, turn, remain, stay, sound, feel, smell, taste等）
用括号所给动词翻译句子
①这食物尝起来味道很好。(taste) __The food tastes very delicious.__ ②他的主意听起来不错。(sound) _His idea sounds good.__ ③她的新裙子摸起来很柔软。(feel) __Her skirts feels soft.__
4.有些动词既是及物动词又是不及物动词。当他们与well, badly, easily等副词连用时表示主语内在品质或性能，无被动形式。 常见的动词有read/write/draw/sell/wash/cook/clean等 用括号所给动词翻译句子
①书很好卖。(sell) __The books sell well.___
区别：书在这家商店被卖出。__The books are sold in the shop.__
②这笔写起来很顺滑。(write，smoothly) __The pen writes smoothly.__ ③这衣服很好洗。(wash) ___The clothes wash well.__
六、综合练习
A.用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。 (请注意时态和语态两个方面) 1.It's said(据说) that the long bridge___will be built__（build）in two months． 2.Which language _is_the most widely__spoken_（speak）in the world？ 3.Last year a large number of trees___were cut__（cut）down．
4. The students _are_ often _told_(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 5. The old man is ill. He _must be sent_ (must send) to the hospital. 6. Vegetables, eggs and fruits__are sold_ (sell) in this shop. 7. What _are__ knives _made_ (make) of ?
They_are made of_(make) of metal(金属) and wood. 8. Can the magazine _be taken_ (take) out of the library? 9. The room _is cleaned_ (clean) by me every day. 10. The stars can’t __be seen_ (see) in the daytime.
11. The flowers __was watered_ (water) by Li Ming yesterday. 12. This kind of shoes __sells__ (sell) well.
13. How long _has_ your uncle _been_(be) in the city? 14. The food _smells_ (smell) delicious. 15. Look! Someone __is dancing__(dance). B.按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.Is tea grown in South China？（改为主动语态） _The_ people __grow_ tea in South China？
2.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换） A birthday present _is given to me__by my parents every year．
3.The work is going to be finished in two days. (对划线提问) How___soon is__ the work going to be finished ?
4. The children will sing an English song. (改为被动语态) An English song __will be sung__ by the children.
5. People use metal for making machines. (改为被动语态) Metal __is used for__making machines.
6. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态) I __was made to do_ that for him.
7. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态) _Was_ a bridge _built_ here by them a year ago? 8.We call the game “Lianliankan”. (改为被动语态) The game __was called_ “Lianliankan” by us.
第二部分 被动语态练习
一、单项选择。
1—5BBCBC 6—10BCBBB 11—15DCBCD 16—19DDCB
二、用括号内所给动词的正确形式填空。
1.It's said that the long bridge_will be built__(build)in two months． 2.Where to have the meeting _is being discussed_ (discuss)now． 3.Which language _is_the most widely_spoken_(speak)in the world？ 4. The lost boy__hasn’t been found__(not find)so far.
5. Last year a large number of trees_were cut_(cut)down．
6. The students _are_ often _told_(tell) to take care of their desks and chairs. 7. The old man is ill. He _must been sent__ (must send) to the hospital. 8. Can the magazine __be taken_ (take) out of the library? 9. The stars can’t _be seen_ (see) in the daytime.
10. Some flowers _has been watered_ (water) by Li Ming already.
11. The boys were seen _to play_(play) football by our teacher at that time. 12. Your pen _writes_(write) smoothly, where _did_ you __buy_(buy) it? 13.The class meeting __was held_(hold) last Wednesday afternoon.
14.Jim _has learnt__(learn) many Chinese songs since he came to China. 15. The little dog was seen _to fall_(fall) into the river just now. 16.News programmes __are shown_(show) on TV every day. 17.China will be greener if more trees _are planted_(plant) .
18.The 29th Olympic Games __took place__(take) place in Beijing ,China.
19.His father _was reading_ (read) newspaper when someone knocked at the door. 20.I’m afraid the trousers of your size _have been sold_(sell) out already. 21.My new sweater _is made (make) of wool.
22.Thousands of new books are _printed_(print) every day. 23.My homework _was checked_(check) half an hour ago.
24. This birthday present _was sent_ (send)to me by my friend from America last week. 25. Trees _can be planted_ (can plant) either in spring or in autumn.
26. Yesterday, she was made__to finish__(finish) all the work in a short time by his boss. 27. In the United States, lunch _is provided_ (provide) for students for free at school. 28. She _has been married_ (marry) to that man for 3 years.
29. The whole place _is covered_ (cover ) with snow. How beautiful !
30. People didn’t send the boy to hospital because he _wasn’t hurt_ ( not hurt ). 31. If you _are robbed_ (rob), you may call \"110\" for help. 三、按要求改写下列句子，一空一词。
1.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year．（同义句转换） A birthday present __is given to me___by my parents every year． 2. He made me do that for him. (改为被动语态) I __was made to do__ that for him. 3. They are watching the football match.
The football match _is being watched__ by them.
4. Did they build a bridge here a year ago? (改为被动语态) _Was__ a bridge _built__ here by them a year ago?
5. They have sold out the light green dresses. (改为被动语态) The light green dresses __have been sold__ out.
6. We’ll build another bridge over the Huanghe River. Another bridge _will be built_over the Huanghe River.
7.Our English teacher teaches us beautiful English songs in class. Beautiful songs___are taught to us__ by our English teacher 8.I am given a birthday present by my parents every year.
A birthday present___is given to me by__ my parents every year.
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