It的特殊句型
一、高考真题
1． (他突然想到) that he had an important conference to
attend the next morning.( occur) （11高考 78题）
【答案】It occurred to him
【解析】本题考察的是occur引导的句型”it occurs to sb。that（某人突然想到）“根据后面的动词提示”had“，故要用一般过去时.
2.During his last lecture, the scientist_________ (觉得) easier to explain the theory to those with some background knowledge.(find)(09高考 73题)
【答案】found it/ found （that） it was ks5u
【解析】考查句型结构。根据提示词find及后面的形容词easier可知此处可使用 find it + adj.的结构，it后加be动词变做宾语从句也对，此句时态为一般过去时。
34. _It cost me _ (我花了) one thousand dollars to buy the painting last week. (cost) (08高考 34题)
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【答案】It cost me
【解析】考点 ：it做形式主语（特殊句式）关键词：It cost（★It不用不给分，cost写成costed扣0.5分）结构部分：It cost somebody how much money to do something 其它部分：me
二、考点分析
1. It is + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型是强调句型。将被强调的部分放在前面，其它部分置于that之后。被强调部分可以是主语，宾语，表语或状语。强调的主语如果是人，that可以由who换用。如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子。这也是判断强调句型与其它从句的方法。
It is your efforts, not your intelligence, __________(决定) your success. (determine )
It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.
2. It is not until + 被强调部分 + that ...
该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语，译成汉语＂直到…才…＂，可以说是 not ... until ... 的强调形式。
It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.
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= Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.
= I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.
3. It is clear ( obvious, true, possible, certain....) that .....
该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为＂清楚（显然，真的，肯定）＂ 是主语从句最常见的一种结构。It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
= That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.
4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural...) that ...
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。
It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.
5. It is said (reported, learned，believed....) that ...
该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为＂据说（据报道，据悉…）＂。
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It is said that he has come to Beijing.
It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.
6. It is suggested (ordered ... ) that ...
该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求，建议，命令等词时，that 后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should 可以省。常译为＂据建议；有命令．．．）
It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.
7. It is a pity ( a shame，no wonder ... ) that ...
该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形），should可省去．表示出乎意料，常译为＂竟然＂。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。
It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.
这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾！
8. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that ...
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该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是① 常用过去时态表示虚拟．② 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为＂是（正是）…的时侯…＂。
It is time that children should go to bed. = It is time that children went to bed.
9. This /It’s the first/second/third… time+现在完成时的句子 It was the first second/third… time+过去完成时的句子
It’s the first time that I have visited（我拜访）the city.(visit)
It was the first time that you had knocked at the door of the teacher
10. It is.... since ...
该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，又要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用的问题。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时或完成时，since 引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。
It is (has been ) 5 years since his father died.
It is / has been two years 20. since he went abroad（自从他出国）.（go）
11. It is ... when ...
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该句型中的 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的 it 指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为＂当…的时候，是…＂。It was 5 o’clock when he came here.
12. It be ... before ...
该句型主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的时态常是将来一般时或过去时两种时态．主句中的表语多是long, not long, 3 days, 2 weeks 等表示时间段的词或短语。常译为＂…之后…＂
It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.
It will be not long before he finishes his job.
13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that... 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词．
It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧．．
It seems that he will be back in a few days. 看来．．．
14. It takes sb. ... to do sth.
该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为＂做…要花费某人…＂。
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It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
15. It is no good (use ) doing sth.
该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good , ( not any good ) , no use , ( not any use )。 It is no good learning English without speaking English.
16. It doesn’t matter whether ( if ) ... 该句型中whether(if) 引导的从句是真正主语，该句型常译为 ＂不论（是否）……没关系……。It doesn’t matter if they are old.
17. It is kind (of sb.) to do sth.
该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有： bad , brave , careless, clever , cruel , foolish , good （好心的）, honest , horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice（有教养的）, polite, rude , silly , stupid , wise , wrong（错误的）等。 这个句型可以改写为：sb. is kind to do sth.
It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so.
18. It is necessary (for sb.) to do sth.
该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：① important, necessary, natural ② easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant等。
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在①中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 如：
It is important for her to come to the party.
= It is important that she (should ) come to the party
19. It looks ( seems ) as if ...
该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，＂看起来好象．．．＂如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气．It looks as if he is ill.（真的病了）It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病） It seemed as if he were dying.
20. sb + V +it adj/ n +to do sth/doing sth /-clause….
该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为\"6123结构\"。6指主句中常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel；1指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。例：We think it important to learn a foreign language.
We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.
Communication becomes more convenient nowadays .Cell phones _ make it possible（使得这成
为可能）for us to talk to anyone from anywhere． （make）
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(1) V + prep/prep-phrase + it + that—clause….(see to, look to , stick to, depend on, rely on, answer for )
See to it that you are late again.
(2) V+ it + prep/prep-phrase + that—clause (bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb , take it for granted that …想当然 )
例：I owe it to you that I finished my work in time.亏你帮忙，我才及时完成了工作。
I take it for granted that they will support this idea.我认为他们会支持这个提议是理所当然的。
(3) Keep it in mind that…
例：It must be kept in mind that there is no secret of success but hard work.
一定要记住的是成功的秘密是努力的工作。
(4) It can be seen from the statistics that ...从这个统计可看出……
例句：It can be seen from the statistics that exercise is good for us.
从这个统计可以看出，练习对我们是有好处的。
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(5). It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后,enjoy, like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to, appreciate, stand 宾语从句紧跟it之后
I hate it you can swim so well and I can't. 我妒嫉你游泳那么好，而我不能
I would appreciate it if you call me back this evening. 如果你晚上给我回电话,我会非常感激.
I can't stand it when people talk with their mouth full. 我无法忍受别人说话的时候满嘴食物.
(6). It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后（except that例外）
例：I'm for it that you will follow their advice.我赞成你采纳他们的意见。
21. It must be pointed out that 必须指出的是
例：It must be pointed out that it is one of our basic state policies to control population growth while raising the quality of the population.
必须指出的是控制人口增长提高人口素质是我们的基本政策之一
三、巩固练习
1.______ _________（据报道）a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)
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2. （据报道）, a lot of people lost their jobs in the city last month.(report)
3. __ ___ （碰巧）I had been away when he called.(happen)
4. _____ （看来）nobody knows what has happened.(seem)
5. （看起来似乎）it's going to rain.(look)
6. （很可能）the thieves don’t know how much it is worth.(likely)
7. （我也许可以）to leave a message for her.(possible)
8. It’s no use （为打翻的牛奶而哭泣）.(cry)
9. （抱怨是毫无用处的）, they never listen.(use)
10. （难怪）you’ve achieved so much success.(wonder)
11. (很明确）most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(certain)
12. （据说）the professor has already succeeded in carrying out this experiment.(say)
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13. （感到遗憾）I haven’t been to the get-together.(pity)
14 （使之成为一种惯例）that I get up at six every day in the morning.(rule)
15. I （认为有必要）to take plenty of hot water every day.(think)
16. It’s high time that we （采取措施）to stop pollution.(take)
17. （要花费她很长时间）to recover from the illness.(take)
18. This/It is the third time that I （看那部电影）.（see）
19. It was the first time that she （到长城）.（be）
20. Come and see me when （你方便的时候）.（convenient）
21. （对你没什么差别）whether I like it or not，because you never listen to me.（make）
22. （用不了多久）before we know the result of the experiment.（be）
23. Measures have been taken to solve the problem，but （可能要过段时间）before the situation improves.（some）
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24. __ ____（没关系）the weather was bad.（matter）
25. __________（是否要紧）whether we go together or separately?（matter）
26. __ ______（我突然想起）that he might have forgotten our date.（occur）
27. She _________（阐明清楚）she had nothing to do with the decision.（make）
28. I ____________（确定）everything is ready.（see）
29. （结果）she was a friend of my sister.（turn）
30.I _______________（将不胜感激） if you can change your plan a little bit to make it more
workable．（appreciate）
巩固练习答案
1. It’s reported that
2. As is reported
3. It happened that
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4. It seems that
5. It looks as if
6. It’s likely that
7. It’s possible for me
8. crying over spilt milk
9. It’s/There is no use complaining 10.It’s no wonder that
11. It’s certain that
12. It’s said that
13. I feel it a pity that
14. I have made it a rule
15. think it (is) necessary
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16. took/should take measures
17. It will take her a long time
18. have seen the film
19.had been to the Great wall
20. it’s convenient to/for you
21. It makes no difference to you 22. It won’t be long
23. it may be some time
24. It didn’t matter that 25. Does it matter
26. It occurred to me
27. made it clear that
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28.will see (to it) that
29. It turned out that
30.will/ would appreciate it
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