一、选择题
1.I insisted he______ back the wallet to the lady, but he insisted he______it. A.handed; didn’t steal C.hand; not steal
B.hand; hadn’t stolen D.handed; hadn’t stolen
2.Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so colorful nowadays. A.won’t be C.wouldn’t be
B.hadn’t been D.can’t be
3.This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we ________ to Shanghai Disneyland. A.go C.would go
B.had gone D.went
4.The requirement of the government is that the citizens not set off fireworks from January 1, 2019 on. A.shall C.can
B.should D.may
5.Due to the popularity of the restaurant, it is advisable that a table_______ for a get-together in advance.
A.must be reserved C.be reserved
6.—Oh, dear. I’m really very busy now.
—Would you rather that I to you about my experience at school? A.shouldn’t speak A.am, will be C.will be, could
B.didn’t speak
C.don’t speak B.were, would D.was, could
D.won’t speak
7.I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house.
B.is reserved D.will be reserved
8.—Where are the children? The dinner’s going to be complerely ruined. —I wish they always late. A.weren’t A.is not started C.not be started A.is given A.were she to know C.did she know
B.should be given B.hadn’t been
C.wouldn’t be B.will not be started D.is not to be started C.will be given B.had she known D.should she have known
D.has been given D.wouldn’t have been
9.It is recommended that the project ______ until all the preparations have been made.
10.It’s requested that a lecture ______ on this subject.
11.She wouldn’t have flown off the handle _____the fact that you didn’t intend to hurt her.
12.You can download it and rewrite your report using your own words you acknowledge where you got your information by attaching a list of websites you got your information from. A.should
B.may
C.would D.could
13.Don't you think it is time you ______ the plan?It is_______ the managers wanted to see________ soon.
A.set out discussing; that ;to be carried out B.should set about discussing; that ; to carry out C.should set out to discuss ;what; to be carried out D.set about discussing, what; carried out
14.The people trapped in the ruins ____________ that rescue teams ____________ here without delay.
A.desire; are sent C.desire; be sent
B.desiring; were sent D.desiring; be sent
15.This computer is of good quality. If it ___________ break down within the first three months, we would repair it at our expense. A.would
B.were to
C.could
D.might
16.Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week? If you _______ me, I could have helped. A.told
B.had told
C.would have told
D.have told
17.But for the belief that things better soon, many people couldn’t have survived the rough time. A.had got
B.got
C.would get
D.will get
18.If God __________everything in the world, the strange creatures in fossils __________so many years before.
A.had created; shouldn’t exist C.should create; wouldn’t exist A.were; should not take C.were; not be taken
-He would not be so upset now your advice. A.would he follow C.did he follow
A.had accepted; would be made C.has accepted; make
B.should he follow D.had he followed B.accepted; be made D.had accepted; be made B.had created; couldn’t have existed D.created; wouldn’t have existed B.be; are not taken D.are; are not taken
19.Dr. Hoffman insisted that the weight-loss pills _____ harmful and that they _____.
20.-I can't believe it. Tom failed the test again!
21.His expression suggested that he ____the invitation and he suggested full preparations _____.
22.Experts recommended parents _____their children to play computer games for more than an hour a day. A.not allow
B.do not allow
C.mustn’t allow
D.couldn’t allow
23.I’m sorry, but I would rather the specialist as well as the assistants _____and ______the project again.
A.seated , discuss about C.are seated, discuss
B.were seated ,discussed D.seats ,are discussing
24.It is highly recommended that the general public________one-metre social distance to avoid any possible risk of getting infected. A.keep
B.will keep
C.must keep
D.keeps
25.—I’m sorry. I________to your birthday party if…… —Forget it. I know you were in Shanghai on business then. A.had come
B.would have come
C.needn’t have come D.came
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除
一、选择题 1.B 解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查insist 用法。句意:我坚持说他应该把钱包还给那个女士,他坚持认为他没有偷。insist 后跟宾语从句分两种情况,一,表示坚持要去做某事(未做) insist+that从句(主语+should+动词原形)should可省也可以不省,但要记住动词一定要用原形,这是一种虚拟语气。二,但如果表对已经发生过的事的一种看法,(注意;是对已经发生过的事)则使用正常时态。根据句意可知,故选B项。
2.C
解析:C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:近年来,网络用语的出现越来越多,没有它们,我们的生活就不会如此丰富多彩。结合句意可知此处非限制性定语从句是虚拟语气,与现在的事实相反,故选C。 【点睛】
由but for、 with、without、 otherwise等介词短语引导的句中。此类介词短语多引导含条件意味的虚拟语气。如:①The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. 要没有船长的努力,那这只船及船上所有的人都沉没了。②Without your help, I wouldn’t do the experiment well. 有了你的帮助,我会把实验好好地做的。③I am really busy, otherwise I would certainly go with you. 我真得好忙,否则我当然跟你一起去了。
3.D
解析:D 【解析】 【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:这个寒假,我的家人要去参观长城,但是我宁愿去上海迪士尼乐园。would rather后接句子时,用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。故选D。 【点睛】
would rather后接句子时,句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气,具体用法为:1.一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望;2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望。本题考查would rather的虚拟语气,根据前句This winter vocation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall可以判断是表示将来的愿望,可知用一般过去时,从而得出答案。
4.B
解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:政府的要求是,从2019年1月1日起,市民不得燃放烟花爆竹。当requirement等名词后接表语从句时,从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”的形式来构成虚拟语气,故选B。
5.C
解析:C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:由于这家餐馆很受欢迎,建议提前预定一张聚会的桌子。固定句式:it is advisable that 主语+(should)+动词原形+---。此处a table和reserve之间是一种被动关系,故答案为C。
6.B
解析:B 【解析】 【详解】
考查固定句式。句意:——哦,亲爱的。我现在真的很忙。——你宁愿我不告诉你我在学校的经历吗?固定句式:would rather that 主语+一般过去时态+---(指现在或将来的情况);would rather that 主语+过去完成时态(指过去的事情)。故答案为B。
7.B
解析:B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我希望我是一名建筑师,因为那样我就能设计自己的房子。此处wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气,这里与将来的事实相反,用一般过去时态,且be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故答案为B。 【点睛】
虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中,表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有
三种形式:(1)对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望:主语+wish+ 从句主语+
would(could, might)+动词原形。eg:I wish she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。(2)表示与现在事实相反的愿望:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+动词过去式。eg:I wish I wasn’t leaving my son.我希望我没离开我儿子。(3)对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时:主语+wish(that)+从句主语+would/could have/had+过去分词。eg:I wish you had come to my birthday party. 你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
8.A
解析:A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:—孩子们在哪里?这顿饭就要被毁掉了。—我希望他们不要总是迟到。动词wish后面的从句要使用虚拟语气。对现在的情况的虚拟,使用一般过去时,根据Where are the children?可知是对现在的虚拟,故A正确。
9.C
解析:C 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:建议在所有的准备工作完成之前不要开始这个项目。英语中表示\"建议、要求、命令\"的词与名词性从句连用,recommend 与名词性从句中连用时从句中的动词用\"should+动词原形\",should 可以省略,本句动词recommend 表示\"建议\",that引导了主语从句,所以本题答案是C。
10.B
解析:B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:有人要求就这个问题举行一次讲座。request表示“要求”时引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。故选B。 【点睛】
后接虚拟语气的常见词
1)在 insist, order, command, suggest, propose, advise, desire, demand, require, request, order, prefer, propose, recommend 等表示“命令,决定,建议”等动词以及由这些动词引申的名词或形容词引导的 that 从句中,要用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。 例如:He ordered that all the books be sent at once. She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday.
2)类似用法的还有 advisable, appropriate, desirable, essential, fitting, imperative, important,
impossible, necessary, obligatory, proper 等形容词;decision, decree, demand, instruction, order, requirement, resolution 等名词。其后引导的 that 从句均用虚拟语气,其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形,其中 should 可以省略,主句中的时态不限。例如: It was appropriate that this tax be abolished. Their decision was that the school remain closed.
3)请注意,当这些词语不是用于表示“命令,决定,建议”的含义时,所引导从句不用虚拟语气。
11.B
解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话,她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中wouldn't have 和fact后的同位语从句的时态可知,这是对过去时间的虚拟。在if的非真实条件句中,对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用had done,省略连词if后,句子要用部分倒装,即had提前至从句主语之前。故选B项。
12.A
解析:A 【解析】 【详解】
考查情态动词。A. should应该; B. may或许; C. would将要; D. could能够。句意:如果你通过附加一个你得到信息的网站列表知道从哪里得到的信息,你可以下载它,并使用自己的语言重写你的报告。此处是if引导的虚拟语气,指将来的动作,省略if则将助动词should提到主语的前面,故选A。
13.D
解析:D 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意:你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗?这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气,从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来,其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语set about doing sth.“开始做某事”,故第一空应填set about discussing;第二空为表语从句,且从句中缺少宾语,指事情,故应用what;第三空分析句子结构可知carry out在句中做非谓语动词,与逻辑主语plan构成被动关系,故用过去分词carried out。故选D。 【点睛】
It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气
从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来,有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见,且should不能省略),其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如: I think it's time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。
It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我们该走了。
I think it’s time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。 注:time前有时有about和high修饰:
I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。 与其他的虚拟结构不同,该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were。如: It's time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)
14.C
解析:C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查主谓一致和虚拟语气。句意:被困在废墟中的人们希望立即派救援队到这里来。第一空主语为people,时态为一般现在时,故谓语动词用原形desire;第二空desire(要求)后接 that 从句时,其谓语通常用“(should)+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气形式,should可以省略,且team与send构成被动关系,故第二空应填be sent。故选C。
15.B
解析:B 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:这台电脑质量很好。如果它在头三个月内坏了,我们将免费为您修理。根据“we would repair it at our expense.”可知,此处表示与将来事实相反的假设,从句谓语用过去式(be用were)/were to do/should do,主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形,故B项正确。
16.B
解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:为什么你上周不把你的麻烦告诉我?如果那时你告诉我,我就能帮上忙。根据上文Why didn’t you tell me about your trouble last week?可知,此处是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气,故if引导的从句中要用had done的形式。故选B。
17.C
解析:C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:要不是相信情况很快就会好转,许多人就不可能挺过这段艰难的时期。But for是固定搭配,意为“要不是”,引导的短语或句子相当于一个虚拟条件句。根据主句部分many people couldn’t have survived the rough time.可知,此处是对过去情况的假
设,but for引导的从句部分是真实情况,根据时间状语soon可知,此处用过去将来时。故选C项。
18.B
解析:B 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:如果上帝创造了世界上的一切,那么化石上的奇怪生物在这么多年前就不可能存在了。结合句意可知,本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构:if+主语+had done…, 主语+could/would/should/might (not) have done…。故选B项。
19.C
解析:C 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查时态和虚拟语气。句意:霍夫曼博士坚持认为减肥药是有害的,坚持要求不应该服用。insist表示坚持认为的时候后面接陈述语气,所以第一空根据insisted后面应用一般过去时,用were,而第二个空,意为坚持要求,应接虚拟语气,动词应用(should)+do,take和主语they为被动关系,故用not be taken,故选C。
20.D
解析:D 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:我真不敢相信,汤姆又考砸了!如果他听从你的建议,他就不会那么难过了。分析句子可知,本句是对过去时间的虚拟,if引导的条件句用过去完成时,if省略had提前,句子倒装,所以是had he followed。故D选项正确。 【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表: 条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 would/could/might/should have done would/could/might/should do 与过去事实相反的假设 had done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(was→were) 过去时 (was→were ) ; 与将来事实相反的假设 should do; were to do would/could/might/should do 可以判断本句是对过去时间的虚拟,if引导的条件句用过去完成时,if省略had提前,句子倒装,所以是had he followed。故D选项正确。
21.D
解析:D 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查动词时态和虚拟语气。句意:他的表情表明他接受了邀请,他建议应该充分做准备。suggest作“暗示,表明”讲时,后面接陈述语句,根据句意可知,第一空的动作发生在suggested之前,表示“过去的过去”作,用过去完成时,故排除B、C项;suggest作“建议”讲时,宾语从句用虚拟语气,动词用should+动词原形,should可以省略,主语full preparations与谓语动词make是被动关系,故用should be made,should省略。故选D。
22.A
解析:A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:专家建议父母每天不允许孩子玩电脑游戏超过一个小时。
recommend表示主观的肯定时,后面的需要用到虚拟语气,但是其中的should可以省略,且后面应该跟随动词原形,当需要否定的时候,直接在do前面加否定词not,故选A。
23.A
解析:A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】
考查固定搭配和虚拟语气。句意:很抱歉,但是我宁愿专家和助手都坐下来再次讨论关于这个项目。第一空是虚拟语气,表示对现在愿望相反的假设,应使用一般过去时,即would rather+ sb. +一般过去时,所以用seated;第二空是would rather do sth.,意为“宁愿做某事”,所以用discuss about。故选A 项。
24.A
解析:A 【解析】 【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意:强烈建议公众保持一米的社交距离,避免任何可能的感染风险。recommend表示建议,后面的主语从句中的谓语动词,要用should加动词原形,should可以被省略的虚拟语气。故选A。
25.B
解析:B 【解析】
【详解】
查虚拟语气。句意:——我很抱歉。如果……,我就来参加你的生日聚会了。——不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设, if后面省了过去完成时,补充完整应该是 if I had not been out on business,故主句中应该用 should/would/could/might have done结构,故选B。 【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表: 条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 would/could/might/should have done would/could/might/should do 与过去事实相反的假设 had done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(was→were) 过去时 (was→were ) ; 与将来事实相反的假设 should do; were to do would/could/might/should do 有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现,而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在,常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or,even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等,这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知,本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句,表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为:If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为:I would have missed it。故C选项正确。
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