北京市大兴区2022届高三英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析)

2022-06-12 来源：客趣旅游网

大兴区2021～2021学年度第一学期期末检测

高三英语试题

第一局部知识运用〔共两节，45分〕

第一节：阅读以下短文，根据短文内容填空。〔共10小题；每题1.5分，共15分〕在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。将答案写在答题卡的相应位置。

One year ago, I was in great trouble. I worked hard at English and devoted all my spare time to practising it. But I failed to pass the mid term examination, which made me greatly disappointed. So I asked my grandpa ___1___ advice when I got home. Hearing ___2___ I told him, he said, “To some extent, examination results sometimes cannot reflect your study level. You can’t judge your progress by one examination.〞 He encouraged me to work hard for a long time to check my results， and I ___3___ (take) my grandpa’s advice. Now I realize that the process of ___4___( learn ) is much more important and my English is much ___5___ (good) than before. From my experience, I feel that we should listen to opinions from old people. 【答案】1. for 2. what 3. took 4. learning 5. better 【解析】【分析】

这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者一年前英语学习效果不理想，回家征求爷爷意见，最终提高了英语成绩的事情。【1题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：所以当我回到家时，我向爷爷征求意见。短语ask sb. for advice“向某人征求意见〞，故填for。【2题详解】

考查连接词。句意：听了我的话，他说:“在某种程度上，考试成绩有时不能反映你的学习水平。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“我的话〞，故填what。

【3题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：他鼓励我努力学习一段时间来检查我的结果，我采纳了我爷爷的建议。根据上文He encouraged me to work hard for a long time to check my results可知应用一般过去时，故填took。【4题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：现在我意识到学习的过程更重要，我的英语比以前好多了。of为介词后跟动名词做宾语，故填learning。【5题详解】

考查形容词比较级。句意：现在我意识到学习的过程更重要，我的英语比以前好多了。根据下文than before可知应填形容词比较级better。故填better。

【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分〔主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分〕三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。如第二小题，本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指代“我的话〞，故填what。

With the development of science and technology, intelligent robots will be widely used in the future. At home, robots will help ___6___ (we) do some housework and take care of the elderly, babies and parents. In addition to these ___7___(task), robots will even be able to play chess and do exercise with people. In factories, robots will be used to perform some dangerous jobs ___8___(avoid) accidents. Robots will change our future life in many ways, which will make it more colorful and comfortable. However, we shouldn’t depend on intelligent robots too much, for they ___9___ (make) to help humans rather than replace us. So robots should be used ___10___(proper).

【答案】6. us 7. tasks 8. to avoid 9. are made 10. properly

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要说明了随着科学技术的开展，智能机器人将在未来得到广泛的应用。【6题详解】

考查人称代词。句意：在家里，机器人将帮助我们做一些家务，照顾老人，婴儿和父母。本句中做help的宾语应用人称代词宾格形式，故填us。【7题详解】

考查名词的数。句意：除了这些任务，机器人甚至可以和人类下棋和锻炼身体。task为可数名词，由these修饰，故填复数tasks。【8题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：在工厂里，机器人将被用来做一些危险的工作，以防止事故。本句中需要不定式做目的状语，故填to avoid。【9题详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：然而，我们不应该太依赖智能机器人，因为它们是用来帮助人类的，而不是代替我们的。本句中主语they指机器人与谓语动词构成被动关系，且为一般现在时，故填are made。【10题详解】

考查副词。句意：所以机器人应该被正确使用。use为动词需要副词修饰，故填properly。

第二节:完形填空〔共20小题；每题1.5分，共30分〕

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

The Gain Is Worth the Pain I was about 9 years old. I was taking Red Cross swimming lessons at our community pool. The day had arrived when I was to be ___11___ to see if I could advance from the Advanced Beginners class to the Intermediate class. Approximately fifteen of us were to take ___12___to swim from one side of the pool to the other and back, doing various strokes〔泳姿〕 and exercises along the way. I watched ___13___ my classmates one by one tried and failed to pass the test. Then it was my turn to ___14___, I mean, my turn to attempt to pass the test. I got about halfway across the pool when I felt the ___15___ sensation you feel when chlorinated

(加氯消毒的) water enters your nose. I ___16___ stopped and seized the side of the pool, ___17___my test. One of the instructors was standing ___18___me, a messy haired college student. “Why did you stop?〞 he ___19___, in a less than merciful voice. “I got water in my ___20___,〞 I explained. That

s when this scruffy

college student taught me one of lifes great ___21___, even if he probably never ___22___ he was doing that. Bending down, he shouted, “So?〞 “So?〞 The question ___23___me. It had just seemed reasonable to me that the answer to ___24___was to get rid of the thing causing the discomfort. My 9 year old brain had not understood the fact that a valuable goal is worth ___25___ even if we have to go through discomfort to get there. Recognizing that, I wasnt sure what would keep me from completing the test. In fact, I did it rather easily on my next ___26___. Seeing me pass the test, almost all of the others did so as well. Life is a journey, and the road won’t always be ___27___. The obstacles, the hardships, the barriers that appear along the way can’t be ___28___ to the goal that waits at the end. We have to focus on the final destination, not the blocks in the road. As one put it, “I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the ___29___ that will be shown in us.〞 The plan is not to get rid of suffering in our lives, ___30___ to look past it. 11. A. urged 12. A. chances actions 13. A. as 14. A. escape 15. A. burning 16. A. hesitantly constantly 17. A. starting continuing 18. A. beside

B. above

C. behind

B. enquiring

C. ending

B. until B. observe B. dizzying B. immediately

C. once C. train C. freezing C. frequently

D. since D. fail D. tiring D.

B. checked B. turns

C. tested C. efforts

D. placed D.

against

19. A. whispered 20. A. eyes 21. A. lessons examples

22. A. complained realized 23. A. excited shocked 24. A. gain disappointment 25. A. having setting 26. A. attempt activity 27. A. tough 28. A. attached compared 29. A. glory sadness 30. A. and

B. or

C. but

D. even

B. result

C. fun

B. easy B. linked

C. rough C. exposed

D. busy D.

B. plan

C. show

B. changing

C. achieving

B. pain

C. success

B. encouraged

C. comforted

B. admitted

C. regretted

B. announced B. ears B. lectures

C. smiled C. nose C. courses

D. yelled D. mouth D.

【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 16. B 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. C 【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者九岁时在游泳考试途中因为被水进入鼻子，感到灼烧感而停止了考试，却被老师因为这个原因训斥了。作者意识到，在自己看来，对付疼痛的方法就是摆脱引起不适的东西，这是合情合理的。而实际上一个有价值的目标是值得去实现的，即使我们必须经历痛苦才能实现它。

【11题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：考试的日子到了，我要看看自己是否能从初级进阶班升到中级班。A. urged催促；B. checked检查；C. tested测试；D. placed放置。根据下文if I could advance from the Advanced Beginners class to the Intermediate class.可知是考试的日子到了。应选C。【12题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们大约有15个人轮流从游泳池的一边游到另一边，再游回来，一路上做各种各样的划水和练习。A. chances时机；B. turns转弯；依次；C. efforts努力；D. actions行动。根据下文swim from one side of the pool to the other and back, doing various strokes and exercises along the way.可知15个人轮流从游泳池的一边游到另一边，再游回来，一路上做各种各样的泳姿和练习。短语take turns“轮流〞。应选B。【13题详解】

考查连接词辨析。句意：我看着我的同学一个接一个地试着通过考试，但都失败了。A. as当……时候；；B. until直到；C. once一旦；D. since自从。根据下文my classmates one by one tried and failed to pass the test可知当作者的同学一个接一个地试着通过考试，但都失败了的时候，作者在一边看着。应选A。【14题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后轮到我失败了，我是说，轮到我尝试通过考试了。A. escape逃跑；B. observe观察；C. train培养；D. fail失败。根据上文可知作者的同学都失败了，轮到作者时作者也以为会轮到自己失败。应选D。【15题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我游到一半的时候，我感觉到了一种灼烧的感觉，就像加氯消毒的水进入你的鼻子一样。A. burning燃烧的；B. dizzying令人眼花缭乱的；C. freezing极冷的；D. tiring累人的。根据下文sensation you feel when chlorinated water enters your nose可知氯化的水进入你的鼻子一样是一种灼烧感。应选A。【16题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：我立刻停下来，抓住泳池边，结束了我的测试。A. hesitantly犹豫地；B. immediately立即；C. frequently频繁地；D. constantly持续地。根据上文

可知作者被水呛到，因此是立即停了下来。应选B。【17题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻停下来，抓住泳池边，结束了我的测试。A. starting开始；B. enquiring询问；C. ending结束；D. continuing继续。根据上文stopped and seized the side of the pool可知作者停止了游泳，结束了测试。应选C。【18题详解】

考查介词辨析。句意：其中一个老师站在我的上方，他是一个头发蓬乱的大学生。A. beside在旁边；B. above超过；上方；C. behind在……后面；D. against反对。根据上文seized the side of the pool可知作者在泳池里，因此老师在岸上，在作者上方。应选B。【19题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：“你为什么停下来?〞他吼道，声音一点也不仁慈。A. whispered窃窃私语；B. announced宣布；C. smiled微笑；D. yelled叫喊。根据下文in a less than merciful voice可知老师是冲作者喊。应选D。【20题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我的鼻子进水了〞我解释道。A. eyes眼睛；B. ears耳朵；C. nose鼻子；D. mouth嘴巴。根据上文you feel when chlorinated water enters your nose.可知是鼻子进水了。应选C。【21题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，这个邋遢的大学生给我上了人生中最重要的一课，尽管他可能从未意识到自己在这么做。A. lessons课程；经验；B. lectures演讲；C. courses课程；D. examples例子。结合下文we have to go through discomfort to get there作者意识到有时我们必须经历一些不适才能实现目标，可知大学生是给了作者的人生一次最重要的经验教训。应选A。【22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，这个邋遢大学生给我上了人生中最重要的一课，尽管他可能从未意识到自己在这么做。A. complained抱怨；B. admitted成认；C. regretted遗憾；D. realized意识到。根据上文，可知大学生只是对于作者因为呛水放弃比赛感到不理解而反问作者，其本意并不是为了给作者上一课，因此是他自己也从未意识到自己在这么做。应选D。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：“所以呢?〞这个问题让我震惊。A. excited使冲动；B. encouraged鼓励；C. comforted抚慰；D. shocked使震惊。根据下文可知老师的话跟作者原先所认知的对付痛苦的方法完全不一样，因此老师的话让作者震惊。应选D。【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我看来，对付疼痛的方法就是摆脱引起不适的东西，这是合情合理的。A. gain获得；B. pain痛苦；C. success成功；D. disappointment失望。结合上文作者被水呛到鼻子因此停止了游泳，这是对付痛苦的方法。应选B。【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：我9岁的大脑还没有意识到，一个有价值的目标是值得去实现的，即使我们必须经历痛苦才能实现它。A. having拥有；B. changing改变；C. achieving实现；D. setting设置。根据上文a valuable goal is worth可知是实现目标。应选C。【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我在下一次尝试时做得相当容易。A. attempt尝试；B. plan方案；C. show展示；D. activity活动。根据上文my next可知是下一次尝试。应选A 【27题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人生是一场旅行，旅途并不总是一帆风顺。A. tough艰难的；B. easy容易的；C. rough粗糙的；D. busy忙碌的。根据下文The obstacles, the hardships, the barriers可知人生遇到很多困难，因此是不容易的。应选B 【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：一路上出现的障碍、困难和障碍是无法与最后等待的目标相比的。A. attached附上；B. linked连接；C. exposed暴露；D. compared比较。根据下文We have to focus on the final destination, not the blocks in the road.可知一路上出现的障碍、困难和障碍是无法与最后等待的目标相比的。应选D。【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人说，我看我们现在的苦楚，假设与将来将要显示在我们身上的荣耀相比，就缺乏介意了。A. glory荣誉；B. result结果；C. fun乐趣；D. sadness悲伤。根据上文goal that waits at the end.可知一路上出现的障碍、困难和障碍是无法

与最后等待的目标相比，应选择的苦楚与将来的荣耀相比也缺乏介意。应选A。【30题详解】

考查连词辨析。句意：我们的方案不是要摆脱生活中的痛苦，而是要忘记它。A. and并且；B. or或者；C. but而是；但是；D. even甚至。短语not…but…“不是……而是……〞。应选C。

第二局部阅读理解〔共20小题；每题2分，共40分〕第一节〔共15小题；每题2分，共30分〕

阅读以下短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Attitude Is Everything Jerry was the kind of guy who was always in a good mood and always had something positive to say.

One day I asked him, “I don’t get it! You can’t be a positive person all of the time. How do you do it?〞 Jerry replied, “Each morning I wake up and say to myself, ‘Jerry, you have two choices today. You can choose to be in a bad mood or in a good mood.’ I choose to be in a good mood. Each time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or to learn from it. I choose to learn from it.〞 Soon thereafter, I left the city and we lost touch. Several years later, I heard Jerry did something surprising: he left the back door open one morning and was held up at gunpoint by three armed robbers. While trying to open the safe, his hand, shaking from nervousness, slipped off the combination. The robbers panicked and shot him. Luckily, Jerry survived. After 18 hours of surgery and weeks of care, Jerry was released from the hospital with pieces of the bullets(子弹) still in his body.

I saw Jerry six months after the accident. I asked him what had gone through his mind as the robbery took place. “The first thing through my mind was that I should have locked the back door,〞 Jerry replied. “Then, as I lay on the floor, I remembered that I had two choices: I could choose to live or to die. I chose to live. 〞“Weren’t you scared?〞 I asked. Jerry continued, “The paramedics(护

理人员) were great. They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But in the emergency room, the facial expressions of the doctors and nurses really scared me. In their eye, I read, ‘He’s a dead man.’ I knew I need to take actions.〞 “What did you do?〞 I asked. “Well, a nurse asked me if I was allergic to anything,〞 said Jerry.“The doctors and nurses stopped working as they waited for my reply. I took a deep breath and yelled, ‘Yes! Bullets!’ Over their laughter, I told them, ‘Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead.’〞 31. When facing the robbery, Jerry . A. was calm and brave

B. wasn’t scared though he slipped off the combination C. was scared in such a dangerous situation D. exercised self control in time of danger 32. Jerry’s joke in the emergency room .

A. encouraged the doctors and nurses to bring him back to life B. told the doctors to take him as dead during the operation C. convinced the doctors he was not afraid of the operation D. made the doctors and nurses feel light hearted 33. We can conclude from the passage that . A. we mustn’t lose self control in time of danger

B. amazing attitudes can’t help us cope with difficult situations C. negative thoughts of an unpleasant situation may result in helplessness D. taking positive attitudes is the key to living fully 【答案】31. C 32. A 33. D 【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。记叙了乐观积极的Jerry被闯入家里的三个持枪抢劫犯打伤，生命垂危，在急救室里面对表情凝重的医生和护士，Jerry用一个笑话缓解了紧张的情绪，鼓舞了大家也使自己起死回生。【31题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段中While trying to open the safe, his hand, shaking from

nervousness, slipped off the combination.〔当他试图翻开保险柜时，由于紧张而颤抖的手从密码上滑了下来。〕可推知面对抢劫，Jerry在如此危险的情况下感到害怕。应选C。【32题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段中They kept telling me I was going to be fine. But in the emergency room, the facial expressions of the doctors and nurses really scared me.〔他们一直告诉我我会好起来的。但是在急救室里，医生和护士的面部表情真的吓坏了我。〕以及I took a deep breath and yelled, ‘Yes! Bullets!’ Over their laughter, I told them, ‘Operate on me as if I am alive, not dead.’〞〔我深吸了一口气，喊道:“是的!子弹!他们笑得前仰后合，我对他们说:‘把我当活人而不是死人来做手术。’〞〕可知Jerry在急救室的笑话鼓舞了医生和护士，使他起死回生。应选A。【33题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段Attitude Is Everything. Jerry was the kind of guy who was always in a good mood and always had something positive to say.〔态度决定一切。Jerry是那种总是心情愉快，总是说些积极上进的话的人。〕以及文章主要内容可知采取积极的态度是活得充实的关键。应选D。

Underwater Museums Many underwater museums are supported by companies that offer guided tours. A trained guide leads groups around a striking underwater display of statues in each museum. Depending on the depth of the museum, visitors may be able to view the sculptures from the glass bottomed boat or by swimming on the surface. Other underwater museums are deeper and are most accessible to scuba divers.

Underwater museums have many functions. One of their main purposes is to create an artificial reef environment where sea creatures can live. That’s why some of the museums are located in areas that were damaged by hurricanes or are considered underwater “deserts〞. The statues in the museum are designed in a way that encourages the growth of coral and plant life. Over time, the statues and plants attract more and more fish to the area.

Florida, U.S.AFlorida is home to different types of underwater museums. The

state’s newest underwater museum, the Underwater Museum of Art, can be found off the coast of Grayton Beach. This part of the Gulf of Mexico is an underwater desert, so creators hope that the exhibit will improve the marine ecosystem.

Cancun, MexicoFor years, Cancun has been a popular tourist destination. And one of the major draws is the water. The Museo Subacuatico de Arte is an ideal place for snorkelers and first time divers. There they can enjoy more than 500 statues that help to make up an artificial reef. This museum was created to give visitors an alternative attraction to the area’s natural reef, which has been damaged.

Canary Islands, SpainMuseo Atlantio, off the coast of Lanzarote, has an impressive display of more than 300 statues. They were created by Jason Decaires Taylor, a British sculptor, who has contributed to the creation of several underwater museums including the ones near Cancun and the Canary Islands. The Cancun statues focus on man’s interaction with the marine world.If you’re looking for a different museum experience, check out one that’s underwater.

34. In underwater museums, visitors can see the following things except. A. statues C. reefs

B. deserts D. sculptures

35. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. Underwater museums can not be visited through guided tours. B. Underwater museums are all located in areas damaged by hurricane C. Underwater museums can be viewed all over the world. D. Underwater museums can help improve underwater environments. 36. We can learn from the passage that.

A. over 300 statues can be seen in the Underwater Museum of Art B. natural reef hasn’t been damaged in Cancun

C. the statues of Cancun and the Canary Islands are made by the same sculptor D. plant life can’t grow in underwater museums 37. Where is the text probably taken from? A. A personal diary.

B. A tourist guidebook.

C. An official report.

【答案】34. B 35. D 36. C 37. B 【解析】

这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了水下博物馆的功能以及一些世界上水下博物馆的情况。【34题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段Underwater museums have many functions. One of their main purposes is to create an artificial reef environment where sea creatures can live. That’s why some of the museums are located in areas that were damaged by hurricanes or are considered underwater “deserts〞. The statues in the museum are designed in a way that encourages the growth of coral and plant life. Over time, the statues and plants attract more and more fish to the area.〔水下博物馆有很多功能。他们的主要目的之一是创造一个人工礁石环境，海洋生物可以生存。这就是为什么有些博物馆位于被飓风破坏的地区，或者被认为是水下的“沙漠〞。博物馆里的雕像在设计上鼓励了珊瑚和植物的生长。随着时间的推移，雕像和植物吸引了越来越多的鱼到这个地区。〕可知游客在水下博物馆可以看到礁石和雕像，但是没有提到可以看到真正的沙漠。应选B。【35题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句This part of the Gulf of Mexico is an underwater desert, so creators hope that the exhibit will improve the marine ecosystem.〔墨西哥湾的这局部是水下沙漠，所以创作者希望这次展览能改善海洋生态系统。〕可知水下博物馆可以帮助改善水下环境。应选D。【36题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中They were created by Jason Decaires Taylor, a British sculptor, who has contributed to the creation of several underwater museums including the ones near Cancun and the Canary Islands.〔它们是由英国雕塑家Jason Decaires Taylor创作的，他为建造几座水下博物馆做出了奉献，其中包括坎昆和加那利群岛附近的博物馆。〕可知坎昆和加那利群岛的雕像是由同一位雕刻家雕刻的。应选C。【37题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段Many underwater museums are supported by companies that offer guided tours. A trained guide leads groups around a striking underwater display of

D. A hotel brochure.

statues in each museum. Depending on the depth of the museum, visitors may be able to view the sculptures from the glass bottomed boat or by swimming on the surface.〔许多水下博物馆是由提供导游的公司资助的。在每个博物馆里，一名训练有素的导游带着着一群人参观引人注目的水下雕塑展览。根据博物馆的深度，游客可以从玻璃底船或在水面上游泳来欣赏雕塑。〕可推知文章可能来自一本旅游指南。应选B。

Charles Wang has been to e mail hell, and returned to tell the tale. His journey there began innocently enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates International, a software company, he first heard how quickly his employees welcomed their new electronic mail system. They were sending messages to one another like crazy. “I said, ‘Let’s check into how people are using it.’〞 But instead of a pleasant e mail culture, what had developed was a behavioral nightmare. “It was a disaster,〞 he says. “My managers were getting 200 to 300 e mails a day each. People were so fond of it that they weren’t talking to each other. They were hibernating, e mailing people in the next room. They were abusing it.〞 In just a few years, Wang’s high-tech communications system had gone crazy.

To stop that, Wang short circuited the system, taking the astonishing step—considering what his $3.9 billion company does for a living—of banning all e mails from 9:30 a.m. to 12 noon and from 1:30 p.m. to 4 p.m. These hours are now observed as a sort of electronic quiet time. Says Wang: “It worked wonderfully. People are walking the corridors again talking to other people. 〞

Almost everyone agrees that e mail is a wonderful invention. It is a convenient, informal medium for conveying messages that well meets human needs. E mail is perhaps the ideal means by which one can run a global project. “It is one of the greatest innovations of the last 20 years,〞 says Paul Argenti, a professor of management communications at Dartmouth’s Tuck School. But Argenti and others also say it is a medium whose function is confusing, in parts because the process is so easy and informal that people treat it as they do conversation but informal as it may be,

e mail is writing and constitutes a permanent record, and because so much of human conversation is nonverbal, e mail messages, especially critical or complex ones, can easily be misunderstood.

38. From the first paragraph,we can infer that Charles . A. was very glad to see the benefits of e mails to his employees B. thought it unbelievable that his employees used e mails so much C. doubted the public enthusiasm about e mails for communications D. considered the e mail application a somewhat happy experience 39. The underlined word “hibernating〞 probably refers to those who . A. get sleepy more easily for no actual work to do B. have more time for sleep for their high efficiency C. are not moving around and not talking to each other D. become indifferent to each other even in the same office 40. To change the worrisome situation, Charles Wang . A. restricted the time for e mail correspondence B. invented other media for communication C. closed the e mail system in his company D. closed his company for other business

41. From the last paragraph, we can see the disadvantage of e mails may be that . A. it is computer borne C. it may be misunderstood

【答案】38. B 39. C 40. A 41. C 【解析】【分析】

这是一篇说明文。Charles Wang还是软件公司国际计算机协会董事长时，因为员工们太过于热衷发电子邮件而彼此之间几乎不说话，Wang不得不限制了电子邮件通信的时间。几乎每个人都认为电子邮件是一项了不起的创造。它是一种方便的、非正式的媒介，可以很好地传达满足人类需要的信息。而由于人类的很多交流都是非语言的，所以电子邮件信息，尤其是批评的或复杂的，很容易被误解。

B. it doesn’t help global business D. it is a written language

【38题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段中“It was a disaster,〞 he says. “My managers were getting 200 to 300 e mails a day each. People were so fond of it that they weren’t talking to each other.〔“这是一场灾难，〞他说。“我的经理们每天收到200到300封电子邮件。人们太喜欢它了，以至于彼此都不说话了。〞〕可知从第一段我们可以推断，Charles认为他的员工如此频繁地使用电子邮件是不可思议的。应选B。【39题详解】

词义猜测题。根据上文People were so fond of it that they weren’t talking to each other.可知人们太喜欢电子邮件了，以至于彼此都不说话了。专注于给隔壁房间的人发电子邮件。故可推测划线单词意思为“不走动，不说话〞。应选C。【40题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段第一句To stop that, Wang short circuited the system, taking the astonishing step—considering what his $3.9 billion company does for a living—of banning all e mails from 9:30 a.m. to 12 noon and from 1:30 p.m. to 4 p.m.〔为了阻止这种情况的发生，王缩短了系统的运行时间，迈出了令人吃惊的一步——考虑到他价值39亿美元的公司为了生存所做的一切——从早上9点30分到中午12点，从下午1点30分到4点禁止所有的电子邮件。〕可知为了改变这种令人担忧的情况，查尔斯·王限制了电子邮件通信的时间。应选A。【41题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段中because so much of human conversation is nonverbal, e-mail messages, especially critical or complex ones, can easily be misunderstood.〔由于人类的很多交流都是非语言的，所以电子邮件信息，尤其是批评的或复杂的，很容易被误解。〕可知电子邮件的缺点可能是它可能被误解。应选C。【点睛】词义猜测题做题技巧。

关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义。故第二小题，根据上文People were so fond of it that they weren’t talking to each other.可知人们太喜欢电子邮件了，以至于彼此都不说话了。专注于给隔壁房间的人发电子邮件。故可推测划线单词意思为“不

走动，不说话〞。应选C。

If planning offers so many benefits, why do many professionals resist it? Some are more comfortable with acting, and therefore don’t want to devote so much time to it, or they think their circumstances are so likely to change that planning is useless. Other people complain that things are going so well or so badly that there’s no point in planning. Finally, some people don’t make strategic plans because they can’t recognize the difference between strategic and short term, operational planning—how to get where you’ve already decided to go.

Circumstances do change, and it’s reasonable to wonder about the value of planning when things are changing so rapidly. But the plans we are talking about are not set in concrete. They are adaptable frameworks, goals, that can conform to(顺应) changing circumstances. There’s nothing wrong with changing direction, if we know what we’re doing and understand our own reasoning.Why plan if things are going fine? Won’t they continue like this? Won’t the skills we now use always be in demand? Probably not—especially in science and technology. Being prepared for new situations is a leading reason for having a strategic plan in the first place. Even if we cannot predict everything that will affect our path, we have a better chance of dealing with it effectively if we’ve thought ahead.Things are going terribly, and I can’t bother planning because survival is the name of the game right now. Good reasoning. If it seems that it’s going to be a close call just to reach that contracted goal, don’t worry about starting a new overall strategy. But most of us often think things are worse than they truly are. If you are continually moving from one crisis(危机) to another, you may need to take some time off to understand why. Are you really heading where you want to go? What changes in direction could prevent some of these crises in the first place？

So, spend some time thinking about your future, outline your plans, and discuss them with people close to you. Strategic planning takes work, but it pays off. It’s

an exciting way to create the future rather than just coast into it.

42. Many professionals refuse to make strategic plans since they believe that . A. operational planning is more important B. planning is harmful and unhealthy C. their success depends on circumstances D. planning is of no use at all to their work

43. From the second paragraph, the author argues that planning . A. is flexible and may change with changing situations B. may lose its value when the circumstances change C. guides us through each stage of life to our destiny D. adapts us to the changing environment at all times

44. Even if we are doing well, we still need planning because . A. we can do much better with an overall working plan B. it offers a framework from which to solve any difficulties C. work skills today will go out of use sooner or later D. it helps us to deal with unpredictable situations

45. What is the author’s attitude towards strategic planning ? A. Disapproval. C. Doubtful

【答案】42. D 43. A 44. D 45. B 【解析】【分析】

这是一篇议论文。一些人喜欢方案而一些人更喜欢行动，认为他们的环境很可能会改变，所以方案是没用的。而作者认为指定方案是有益的，因为它们是适应环境变化的框架和目标，也能够为新情况做好准备。因此战略规划需要努力，但它是有回报的。这是一种创造未来的令人兴奋的方式，而不是随波逐流。 42题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中Some are more comfortable with acting, and therefore don’t want to devote so much time to it, or they think their circumstances are so likely

B. Supportive. D. Neutral.

to change that planning is useless.〔有些人更喜欢行动，因此不愿意花太多时间在方案上，或者他们认为他们的环境很可能会改变，所以方案是没用的。〕可知许多专业人士拒绝制定战略方案，因为他们认为方案对他们的工作毫无用处。应选D。【43题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中They are adaptable frameworks, goals, that can conform to changing circumstances.〔它们是适应环境变化的框架和目标。〕可知作者认为规划是灵活的，可以随着情况的变化而变化。应选A。【44题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中Even if we cannot predict everything that will affect our path, we have a better chance of dealing with it effectively if we’ve thought ahead.〔即使我们不能预测所有会影响我们前进道路的事情，但如果我们提前想好了，我们就有更好的时机有效地应对它。〕可知即使我们做得很好，我们仍然需要方案，因为它帮助我们处理不可预测的情况。应选D。【45题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段So, spend some time thinking about your future, outline your plans, and discuss them with people close to you. Strategic planning takes work, but it pays off. It’s an exciting way to create the future rather than just coast into it.〔所以，花点时间思考一下你的未来，列出你的方案，和你身边的人讨论一下。战略规划需要努力，但它是有回报的。这是一种创造未来的令人兴奋的方式，而不是随波逐流。〕可推知作者对战略规划的态度是支持的。应选B。

【点睛】细节理解题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某局部具体内容设置问题，正确答案的依据一定在原文中能够找到，且正确答案通常是对原文的改写。故第二小题，A选项中的flexible与原文中adaptable为近义词。对原文句子中的关键词进行替换，把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词是常见的设置答案的方式。

第二节〔共5小题；每题2分，共10分〕根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Have you ever been in a situation where you have done something just to make

someone else happy?You think that you are making yourself happy.___46___I have done that many times because I wanted to impress people or I thought that if I made someone else happy it would certainly make me happy. I understand that all of us want our close friends and family to be proud of us, so we work hard in school or in our careers to meet their expectations.___47___ But if you are trying to realize other people’s dreams without keeping yourself satisfied, you will never be happy.So you have to be clear and honest with yourself about what you want in your life. If you are honest with yourself, you will be more optimistic.___48___You feel like you won’t need to achieve something for someone else.___49___They fear to be rejected(排斥) by others. They think and say “If I choose this job or career path, that person will think I am out of my mind〞, or “I really want to start this business but those people will think that I won’t make any money〞. ___50___Don’t think this way. If you follow other people’s wishes but cannot be true to yourself, you will have a hard time feeling great about yourself.

A. The truth is that you are really trying to make someone else happy. B. So why don’t I follow what they say？ C. And you will develop a drive from your heart. D. So we should try our best to realize our dreams. E. But we sometimes have to meet expectations from others.

F. Why do so many people want to live their dreams for someone else? G. There is nothing wrong with that.

【答案】46. A 47. G 48. C 49. F 50. B 【解析】

试题分析:你曾经有过为了使别人快乐而干某些事吗？有时候，我们会通过做某些使得别人快乐的事来到达使自己快乐的目的，这些人通常是我们的朋友和家人。【46题详解】

A考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。根据后面的I have done that many times because I wanted to impress people or I thought that if I made someone else happy it would certainly make me happy.可知我们会做一些使得别人快乐的事，A选项The truth is that you are really trying to make someone else happy.，符合，应选A。【47题详解】

G考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文we work hard in school or in our careers to meet their expectations. 下文But if you are trying to realize other people’s dreams without keeping yourself satisfied, you will never be happy.之间需要连接，故G选项There is nothing wrong with that.承上启下，符合，所以选择G. 【48题详解】

C考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。上文So you have to be clear and honest with yourself about what you want in your life. 及下文You feel like you won’t need to achieve something for someone else.可知如果你能从内心产生动力，你就能获得自我的成功，C选项 And you will develop a drive from your heart.，符合，应选C。【49题详解】

F考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。下文They fear to be rejected(排斥) by others. 他们会担忧别人的拒绝，以及接下来的担忧都是人们想要实现别人的梦想来是他们认可自己的原因，F选项Why do so many people want to live their dreams for someone else?符合，应选F。【50题详解】

B考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。下文的Don’t think this way. If you follow other people’s wishes but cannot be true to yourself, you will have a hard time feeling great about yourself可知是希望我们不要根据别人的观点来生活，Don’t think this way是对B选项So why don’t I follow what they say？问题的答复，应选B. 考点：考查对文章的整体理解和上下文逻辑关系的把握

第一节〔15分〕

51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将在下周举办校园书市活动。请给你校美国交换生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加。邮件内容包括：

1.书市活动的相关内容〔时间、地点、活动等〕； 2.说明你自己要参加的活动和理由；

3.询问他是否愿意参加。注意： 1. 词数不少于50； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。提示词：校园书市：campus book fair Dear Jim，

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours, Li Hua

【答案】How’s everything going? I’m writing to invite you to take part in our campus book fair. You are sure to have a memorable experience if you are available to join us.

To provide us students with a good platform to exchange and make better use of our books, a campus book fair will be held next Friday at the Students’ Activity Center. At the book fair, students can sell their unwanted books or buy books they need.

As a regular visitor, I have found myself increasingly attracted by trading books with my schoolmates. You know, prices of books at the book fair are typically very low. More importantly, a wide variety of books can help broaden my horizons.

Would you like to come? You will have a lot of fun there. Please let me know if you have made up your mind. Looking forward to your early reply! 【解析】【分析】

这是一篇应用写作。

【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你校将在下周举办校园书市活动。请给你校美国交换生Jim写封邮件，邀请他参加。邮件内容包括：1.书市活动的相关内容〔时间、地点、活动等〕；2.说明你自己要参加的活动和理由；3.询问他是否愿意参加。

第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词〔组〕, 如：take part in〔参加〕；campus book fair〔校园书市〕；have a memorable experience〔一次难忘的经历〕；platform〔平台〕；make better use of〔好好利用〕等。

第3步：根据提示及关键词〔组〕进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要标准清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言标准, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如You are sure to have a memorable experience if you are available to join us.运用了条件状语从句；To provide us students with a good platform to exchange and make better use of our books, a campus book fair will be held next Friday at the Students’ Activity Center.运用了不定式做目的状语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次清楚, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。

第二节〔20分〕

52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你上周接待你校美国交换生Jim，带他体验你校以“走近京剧〞〔Closer to Peking Opera〕为主题的社团活动的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。

提示词：costume 戏装；spear 矛

【答案】Last week, I invited Jim to experience a campus activity named “Closer to Peking Opera〞, which left us a deep impression.

We firstly watched a wonderful Peking Opera performance in the well-decorated hall. Hardly had the show begun Jim and I were at once amazed by the elegant moves of the actor and the pleasant music.

After that, we stepped into a specially arranged room to see an exhibition about Peking Opera. A variety of exhibits were on display, such as costumes, facial masks, spears, which deepened our understanding about Peking Opera.

Before we got out, an activity of painting facial masks caught our eye. We couldn’t wait to have a try on our own. With careful work, two vivid masks came into being before long. Then we exchanged them as a gift to each other. To record the precious moment, we had a photo taken together with the masks in hands.

This activity indeed gave us a chance to explore the beauty of traditional Chinese culture. 【解析】【分析】

这是一篇图画作文。

【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一篇记叙文；假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述你上周接待你校美国交换生Jim，带他体验你校以“走近京剧〞〔Closer to Peking Opera〕为主题的社团活动的全过程。第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词〔组〕, 如：campus activity〔学校活动〕；a deep impression〔深刻印象〕；performance〔表演〕；be amazed by〔被……惊异〕；step into〔进入〕；costumes〔戏装〕等。

第3步：根据提示及关键词〔组〕进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。

第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要标准清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。

【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言标准, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如Last week, I invited Jim to experience a campus activity named “Closer to Peking Opera〞, which left us a deep impression.运用了非限定性定语从句；To record the precious moment, we had a photo taken together with the masks in hands.运用了不定式做目的状语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次清楚, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。

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北京市大兴区2022届高三英语上学期期末考试试题(含解析)