1.expect
.”“期望”,通常为及物动词 我们不能期望一夜之间就取得成功。 We should not expect success overnight.
2. 后接动词时要用不定式,不用动名词。如: I didn’t expect to find you here. 我没料到在这里碰到你。 若语义需要,其后还可接不定式的复合结构。如: He expected her to go with him. 他期望她同他一起去。
3. 不要认为 expect 只表示“期待”“期望”,它还可表示“预计”“预料”等。如:
I expect a storm. 我预计会有场暴风雨来。
I expect that I will be back on Sunday. 我预计星期日回来。 有时可用于不好的方面。如:
He expects to fail the exam. 他预料无法通过考试。
另外,注意expect a baby这一惯用表达,其意为“怀孕”。如: It’s public knowledge she’s expecting a baby. 大家都知道她已怀孕了。 4. 其后可接 that 从句,若从句谓语为否定,注意否定的转移。如: I don’t expect that he has done such a thing. 我预料他不会干出这种事来。
2.suggest
1. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事,如: I suggested going home. (我建议回家)
suggest that... 建议,注意:这是从句中用虚拟语气,即 从句谓语形式是“(should)+动词原型”,如:
I suggested that we should go home.(我建议我们回家) 2. suggest that... 表明,如:
Opinion polls suggest that only 10% of the population trusts the government.(民意测验表明只有10%的人信任政府) 3. It is/was suggested that... 人们建议说……
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类似的用法还有:It is/was said that... 据说;It is /was reported that... 句报道; It is /was believed that... 热门认为: It is/was thought that...人们认为...\\
3.play
1. 表示“演奏”乐器,为及物动词,后接表示乐器的名词,与the连用;接表示音乐的名词,与a(n)或the连用;接以人代表作品的名词,则不与冠词连用。 The girl played the piano quite beautifully. 这女孩钢琴弹得很漂亮。 The children are playing a march. 孩子们正在演奏一首进行曲。 She plays Chopin very well. 她演奏萧邦的作品很出色。
2. 表示“打(牌);下(棋)”,为及物动词,不与冠词连用,但与game连用时,常与the连用。
Do you like playing bridge / cards / poker? 你喜欢打桥牌/牌/扑克吗? They often play chess. 他们经常下棋。
He will show us how to play the game. 他将给我们演示怎样玩这个游戏。 3. 表示“演出;扮演;假扮”,可作及物动词和不及物动词,后接名词时用不用冠词要看情况来定。
The children played doctors and nurses. 孩子们假扮医生和护士玩。 She played the part of the mother-in-law. 她扮演婆婆。
4. 常用短语有play with玩弄,比赛;play a part / role in起……作用;play a trick on捉弄;play a joke on开玩笑;play at 玩某种游戏;play back重放(录音、唱片等)。
She was playing with the idea of studying abroad. 她动起了出国留学的念头(但并非很认真)。
She never plays (at) cards. 她从来不玩牌。
4.ask
1. ask about sth (sb) 询问有关某人或某事的情况。如: She asked about his health. 她询问他的健康状况。
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Can I ask about the exam results? 我可以问问考试结果吗? 2. ask after sb 问候某人(的健康)。如:
They all ask after you. 他们都问候你(的健康)。 3. ask for sth 要求得到某物或要求与某人见面。如: He asked for some water. 他要些水。
A Mr Smith is asking for the manager. 一位名叫史密斯先生的人要找经理。 4. ask sb for sth向某人要某物或请某人给某物。如: They asked me for help. 他们向我求助。
He asked her for her address. 他向她要她的地址。 5. ask to do sth要求或请求做某事。如: He asked to see the manager. 他求见经理。
He asked to see whoever was in charge. 他要求见负责人。 He asked to go alone. 他要求一个人去。 6. ask sb to do sth 请或叫某人做某事。如
Ask John to mail these letters tomorrow. 叫约翰明天把这几封们寄了。 He asked us to wait for him at the gate. 他叫我们在门口等他。
5.continue
1. 表示继续做某事,其后既可接动名词也可接不定式,且意义相同。如:
They continued to meet [meeting] daily. 他们继续每天都见面。 He continued to write [writing] while in hospital. 他住院时他继续写作。 2. 表示继续维持某一情况时,其后可直接跟名词作宾语,也可先接介词with 再接宾语。如:
We will continue (with) the payments for another year. 我们这样的报酬还要维持1年。
3. 由于可用于及物或不及物动词,所以有时用主动语态和被动语态意思差不多。如:
The story continues [is continued] in the next issue of the magazine. 这个故事在该杂志的下一期里继续刊载。
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4. 比较 continue doing sth 与 continue by doing sth:前者表示“继续做某事”,后者表示“接着做某事”。如:
He continued reading (=to read) all night. 他通宵在看书。
He talked about Keats, and continued by reading us a poem. 他谈了济慈,接着
6.Return
做及物动词的时候,后面直接跟宾语; 做不及物动词的时候,后面不跟宾语,就是单独用。 或者要跟宾语的话,后面加介词to再跟宾语。 return vi.
1.回, 返回 return home回家(乡); 回国
2.送还 The property returned to the original owner. 财产已还原主。 return vt.
1.寄回、放回或带回: We return bottles to the store. 我们将瓶子送还商店 2. 回报给予或赠送以作为回报: She returned his praise. 她回报了他的夸奖 3.归还还给主人: He returned her book. 他归还了她的书
7. doubt的用法
1,doubt当动词时,在<肯定句>中后面可接if或whether。
在否定句及疑问句中可跟that从句。有时在<肯定句>中也能跟that从句,但其含义是\"恐怕...不会\"。
I doubt if (或 whether) he will win. 我怀疑他能否赢。 I don''t doubt that he will win. 我毫不怀疑他会成功。 Do you doubt that he will win? 你怀疑他会成功吗? I doubt that he will win. 恐怕他赢不了。
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2,doubt of
对...抱怀疑或悲观态度。
The project began badly and we doubt of its further progress. 这项工程开始就不顺利,我们怀疑能否继续进行。 3,no doubt后接that从句或介词of。 We have no doubt that you will succeed. We have no doubt of your success. 我们毫不怀疑你会成功。
There is (It is 误) no doubt that you will succeed. 毫无疑问你会成功。
8.design是个多义词和多词性词,可作动词和名词。
I. 作动词
1. 作“设计;计划”解,主要指具体、确切的设计,多用作及物动词。如: Who designed the scene and costumes? 布景和服装是谁设计的?
2. 也经常作“目的是;打算给”解,指为一定的目的所做的安排,多用被动语态,后接for短语或不定式。如:
This piece of land is designed for a garden. 这块地预定做花园。
3. 作“想要;拟”解,后接不定式和动名词都可以,也可以接that引导的从句,从句里用shall。如:
He designs that the house shall be redecorated in the summer. 他想把这栋房子在夏季重新装修一下。
II. 作名词
1. 指具体的 “设计样式;设计图样”,是可数名词。如:
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She drew a beautiful design for a dress. 她绘制了一幅漂亮的服装设计图。 2. 指“设计工艺;设计布局;意图”,是不可数名词。如: The building is poor in design. 这栋房子设计很差。
3. 指“不良意图;图谋”,是可数名词,而且总是用复数形式,常用于have designs against / on / upon 句式。on / upon后接钱财、生命,而against后接某人。如:
She has designs against that person. 她想加害那个人。 4. by design = on purpose 有意,故意。如:
Did you do this by design or by accident? 你是故意还是偶尔这样做的?
9.launch
launch的基本含义
vt. 发射(卫星、导弹等);投掷;使„升空:
例句: In 1970,China successfully lauched a man-made satellite.
1970年,中国成功地发射了一颗人造卫星
10.Board
用作动词 (v.)
1. Passengers must board the ship by 6 p.m. 旅客必须在下午六点钟以前上船。
2. The passenger walk up the ramp to board the airplane. 旅客们走上活动舷梯登上飞机。
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3. Flight 757 is now boarding. 757航班的乘客请现在登机。
4. We will be very glad to board and lodge you. 我们很高兴为您提供食宿。
5. Jim prefers to board with Mrs.Smith. 吉姆更愿意在史密斯太太那儿搭伙。 6. I'd board up the windows if I were you. 如果我要是你的话,我就用木板把窗户钉上。 词组搭配:
go by the board (计划或坚持的事情)被放弃,荒废,被拒绝My education just went by the board. 我的教育荒废了。 on board 在船(或飞机等)上
take something on board (非正式)充分考虑,完全采纳 tread (或 walk) the boards (非正式)(作为演员)上台表演 习惯用语
On board 1. 在船上 2. 在工作
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