input in education教育投入 communal participation社会参与
enhance the moral awareness of提高„„的思想品德 professional ethics 职业道德 credit system学分制
guarantee job assignments包分配 multi-disciplinary多学科的 key university重点大学
national expenditure on education 国家教育经费 account for„%占百分比
intercultural communication国际文化交流
equal stress on integrity and ability德才兼备
to become educated through independent study自学成材 compulsory education普及教育
preschool/elementary/secondary/higher/ education学前/初等/中等/高等教育 adult education成人教育
vocational and technical education职业技术教育 institutions of higher learning高等学校 in-service training course在职进修班 compulsory/optional course必修/选修课 record of formal schooling学历 diploma文凭， 学历证明
翻译与写作常用短语精选(2)
Economy and Reform经济与改革
GNP (gross national product)国民生产总值 per capita人均
give incentive to鼓励
improve economic environment改善经济环境 rectify economic order整顿经济秩序 control inflation控制通货膨胀 invigorate enterprises搞活企业
poor management/poorly managed管理不善
primary/secondary/tertiary industry第一/第二/第三产业 foreign funded enterprises外资企业 joint venture合资企业
wholly foreign owned funded enterprises独自企业 living standard生活水平
Industry 工业
fixed assets固定资产
Sino-foreign joint venture中外合资企业 autonomy in operation经营自主 deficit亏空， 赤字
economic strength经济实力
total industrial and agricultural output value工农业总产值 national economic system国民经济体系
to work for more and better economic result提高经济效益 national revenue国民收入 consumption level消费水平
Foreign Trade and Special Economic Zones对外贸易和经济特区 interior areas内地
trading partner贸易伙伴
corporate income tax企业所得税 export/import duty出口/进口关税
to coordinate the development协调发展 to be approved by the state国家批准 balance of payment收支平衡
transnational corporation跨国公司
economic and technological development zone经济技术开发区 utilize foreign investment利用外资 direct foreign investment国外直接投资
to improve investment environment改善投资环境
technology and knowledge intensive project技术密集， 知识密集型项目 favorable/unfavorable trade balance 顺差/逆差
翻译与写作常用短语精选(3)
Women and Children妇女儿童 legal system法制 enact制定， 颁布 minor未成年人
self recognition对自我价值的认识 only child独生子女
self-centered以自我为中心的
The Elderly and the Family老人和家庭 life expectancy预期寿命
to become common practice蔚然成风 well-being幸福， 福利
respecting the old and loving the young尊老爱幼
Population and Family Planning人口与计划生育 incentive鼓励， 刺激 curb限制， 抑制 consumption消费
institute设立， 制定 penalty惩罚 census人口普查
population density人口密度
densely/sparsely populated人口稠密/稀少 aging of population人口老化 family planning计划生育
to practice family planning实行计划生育 to curb population growth控制人口增长
to have fewer and but healthier children少生优生 baby boom生育高峰
Environment Protection环境保护 ecological生态的
prerequisite/precondition先决条件 sustain维持
exploit/develop开发， 利用 perspective观点， 看法 extinction（生物）灭绝 deteriorate恶化 urbanization都市化
vegetation coverage植物覆盖 marine life海洋生物 discharge排放
to protect rare animals and plants保护珍稀动物和植物 wild animal/wild life野生动物
renewable/non-renewable resources可更新/不可更新资源 ecological balance生态平衡 natural reserve自然保护区 ecosystem生态系统
environmental pollution环境污染
integrated control of environmental pollution环境污染综合防治 afforestation植树造林 shelterbelt防护林带 soil erosion水土流失 desertification沙化 acid rain酸雨
Foreign Policies对外政策 cornerstone基石
reiterate重申
observe/abide by遵守 in compliance with遵照
open vast vistas开辟广阔的前景 confrontation对抗
to seek common grounds while reserving differences求同存异 friendly exchanges友好往来 NATO北约
UNESCO联合国教科文组织 UN联合国
OPEC世界石油输出国组织 APEC亚太经合组织 WTO世界贸易组织 IMF国际货币基金组织
60句谚语中英对照
1.Actions speak louder than words. 行动胜于言辞。
2.All good things come to an end. 一切美好的事物皆有终结之时。 3.All‘s well that ends well. 结局好的就算好。 4.All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马。
5.Art is long, life is short. 人生朝露，艺业千秋。 6.Bad news travels fast. 坏事传千里。
7.The bait hides the hook. 饵里藏钩；笑里藏刀。 8.Barking dogs seldom bite. 爱叫的狗很少咬人。
9.Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. 情人眼里出西施。 10.The best fish swim near the bottom. 好鱼常在水底游。 11.Better late than never. 迟做总比不做好。
12.A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. 多得不如现得。 13.Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚。 14.Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 15.Boys will be boys. 男孩子毕竟是男孩子。
16.A cat has nine lives. 猫有九条命；吉人天相。 17.Catch as catch can. 能捉尽管捉；能拿多少算多少。 18.Diamond cut diamond. 强中更有强中手。
19.Do as I say, not as I do. 照我说的做，别照我做的做。 20.Don‘t meet trouble half-way. 勿杞人忧天。
21.Don‘t put all your eggs in one basket. 勿孤注一掷。 22.Don‘t ride the high horse. 勿摆架子。 23.Easier said than done. 说比做容易。
24.East or west, home is best. 管他东方或西方，家是最好的地方。 25.Easy come, easy go. 来得容易，去得也容易。
26.Every man is his own worst enemy. 一个人最大的敌人就是他自己。
27.Everyone to his taste. 人各有所好。
28.An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth. 以眼还眼，以牙还牙。 29.Fine feathers make fine birds. 人要衣装，马要鞍。
30.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难之交才是真正的朋友。 31.The grapes are sour. 葡萄是酸的。
32.Grasp all, lose all. 样样都要，全都失掉。 33.Haste makes waste. 欲速则不达。
34.He laughs best who laughs last. 最后笑的人笑得最得意。
35.He travels the fastest who travels alone. 单独旅行的人走得最快。 36.He who denies all confesses all. 否认一切的人就等于承认了一切。 37.He who hesitates is lost. 踌躇不决者必然失败。
38.He who makes no mistakes makes nothing. 不犯错的人必将一事无成。 39.Health is better than wealth. 健康胜于财富。
40.Healven helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助。
41.History repeats itself. 历史总重演。
42.Honesty is the best policy. 诚实是上上之策。 43.Hunger is the best sause. 饥饿是最好的调味汁。
44.If the cap fits, wear it. 帽子若适合你，就戴上吧。
45.If you want peace, prepare for war. 欲求和平必先备战。 46.Things done can not be undone. 木已成舟。
47.Take a pain for a pleasure all wise man can. 智者能视苦为乐。 48.Take one‘s courage in both hands. 勇往直前，敢作敢为。 49.Take the rough with the smooth. 即能享乐，也能吃苦。 50.Take the world as it is. 随遇而安。/听其自然。 51.Take things as they come. 既来之，则安之。 52.Take time by the forelock. 要抓住时机。
53.Take time while time is, for time will be away. 机不可失，时不再来。
54.Tall trees catch much wind. 树大招风。 55.Tastes differ. 众口难调。/人各有所好。
56.Teaching others teaches yourself. 教学相长。
57.Tears are the silent language of grief. 眼泪是悲哀的无声言辞。 58.Telling your troubles is swelling your troubles. 诉说烦恼等于增加烦恼。
59.Temperance is the best physic. 克制乃是最好的治疗。
60.Temperance is the greatest of virture. 自我节制是最大的美德。 4. It is widely acknowledged that extensive deforestation contributed to heavy summer flooding . Experts argue that China must introduce a massive afforestation program . But I doubt whether afforestation alone will solve the problem .
人们普遍认为过度砍伐造成了夏季特大洪水。专家认为中国必须推行大规模的植树造林计划。但我对仅仅植树造林就能解决问题表示怀疑。
5. Most people are of the opinion that wealth provides solutions to all problems . But in spite of the material benefits wealth provides , I believe one should abandon the pursuit of materialism and instead concentrate on the pursuit of happiness .
大多数人认为财富为所有问题提供解决的办法。但是，我认为，尽管财富提供物质上的利益，一个人应该放弃物质至上的追求，而是集中精力追求幸福。 7. An increasing number of people are joining the \" Information Age \" via the Internet . In reaction to the phenomenon , some say the Internet has removed barrters and provided people with immediate access to the world . But do they raelize that rapidly advancing information technology can also lead to intrusions of privacy ?
越来越多的人通过互联网进入了“信息时代”。针对这一现象，一些人认为互联网消除了障碍，为人们提供了与世界即时链接的途径。但是，他们有没有意识到迅速发展的信息技术也能导致侵犯隐私？
11. One of the pressing problema facing our nation ( China ) today is overcoming disparities in urban and rural income levels .
我们国家（中国）如今面临的紧迫问题之一是克服城乡收入水平之间的差距。
12. One of the most serious problems many people talk about centers on the lack of adequate housing space .
许多人谈论的一个最严重的问题集中在缺乏足够的居住空间。
英文写作中使用率最高的基本句式 1．表示原因
1）There are three reasons for this． 2）The reasons for this are as follows． 3）The reason for this is obvious．
4）The reason for this is not far to seek． 5）The reason for this is that．．． 6）We have good reason to believe that．．．
例如：
There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life．Firstly，people’s living standard has been greatly improved．Secondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or like．Last but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life．
注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life． There are three reasons for this．这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。
2．表示好处
1）It has the following advantages． 2）It does us a lot of good． 3）It benefits us quite a lot． 4）It is beneficial to us．
5）It is of great benefit to us．
例如：
Books are like friends．They can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizons．Therefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us．
3．表示坏处
1）It has more disadvantages than advantages． 2）It does us much harm． 3）It is harmful to us．
例如：
However，everything divides into two．Television can also be harmful to us．It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television．
4．表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sb．to do sth． 2）We think it necessary to do sth．
3）It plays an important role in our life．
例如：
Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in business．Soon， computers will be found in every home，too．We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age．
5．表示措施
1）We should take some effective measures．
2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties． 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth．
4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with．
例如：
The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious．Therefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it．
6．表示变化
1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years．
2）A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications． 3）The computer has brought about many changes in education．
例如：
Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years．The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek．Nowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins．
7．表示事实、现状
1）We cannot ignore the fact that．．． 2）No one can deny the fact that．．． 3）There is no denying the fact that．．．
4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in． 5）However，that’s not the case．
例如：
We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution．To solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution．The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment．
8．表示比较
1）Compared with A，B．．．
2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV． 3）There is a striking contrast between them．
例如：
Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable．Firstly，they do not consume natural resources of petroleum．Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problem．Last but not least，they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise．
9．表示数量
1）It has increased（decreased）from．．．to．．．
2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000． 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15％ compared with that of January．
例如： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased． 再如： From the graph listed above，it can be seen that student use of computers has increased
from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000．
10．表示看法
1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth． 2）People have different opinions on this problem． 3）People take different views of（on）the question． 4）Some people believe that．．．Others argue that．．．
例如：
People have different attitudes towards failure．Some believe that failure leads to success．
Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor．However， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers． 再如：
Do “lucky numbersreally bring good luck？Different people have different views on it．
注：一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始，考生应掌握这一写作方法。
11．表示结论
1）In short，it can be said that ．．．
2）It may be briefly summed up as follows．
3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that ．．．
例如：
From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved．
注：例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句；例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。
12．套语
1）It’s well known to us that ．．． 2）As is known to us，．．．
3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about．
4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that ．．． 5）As a proverb says，“Where there is a will，there is a way．
例如：
As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus．
The reason for this is obvious．Nowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower．As college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campus．Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate． 再如：
Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it．
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