系统解剖学英语单词
bone [bun] 骨
bone marrow [bun' mru] 骨髓
periosteum [peri'stim] 骨膜
compact bone [km'pkt bun] 骨密质
spongy bone ['spndi bun] 骨松质
long bone [l bun] 长骨
vertebrae ['v:tibri] 椎骨
vertebral foramen ['v:tibrl f'reimen] 椎孔
atlas ['tls] 寰椎
cervical vertebrae ['s:vikl 'v:tibri] 颈椎
axis ['ksis] 枢椎
lumbar vertebrae ['lmb 'v:tibri] 腰椎
thoracic vertebrae [θ:'rsik 'v:tibri] 胸椎
coccyx ['kksiks] 尾骨
sternum ['st:nm] 胸骨
sacrum ['skrm] 骶骨
ribs [ribs] 肋
articulation [a:ֽtikju'lein] 关节 vertebral column ['v:tibrl 'klvertebral canal ['v:tibrl knthoracic cage [θ:'rsik keid] ligament ['ligmnt] 韧带
clavicle ['klvikl] 锁骨
脊柱
l] 椎管
胸廓
m]
scapula ['skpjul] 肩胛骨
humerus ['hju:mrs] 肱骨
ulna ['ln] 尺骨
radius ['reidjs] 桡骨
carpal bones ['ka:pl buns] 腕骨
metacarpal bones ]ֽmet:'ka:pl buns] 掌骨
phalanges of fingers [f'l ndi:z v 'fiŋgs] shoulder joint ['ould 'dint] 肩关节
elbow joint ['elbu 'dint] 肘关节
wrist joint [rist 'dint] 腕关节
hip bone [hip bun] 髋骨
ilium ['ilim] 髂骨
指骨
ischium ['iskim] 坐骨
pubis ['pju:bis] 耻骨
femur ['fi:m] 股骨
tibia ['tibi] 胫骨
fibula ['fibjul] 腓骨
tarsal bones ['ta:sl buns] 跗骨
arches of foot [a:tiz v fut] 足弓
hip joint [hip 'dint] 髋关节
knee joint [ni: 'dint] 膝关节
ankle joint ['kl 'dint] 踝关节
skull [skl] 颅
frontal bone ['frntl bun] 额骨
parietal bone [p'raiitl bun] 顶骨
occipital bone [k'sipitl bun] 枕骨
sphenoid bone ['sfi:nid bun] 蝶骨
temporal bone ['temprl bun] 颞骨
ethmoid bone ['eθmid bun] 筛骨
maxilla [mk'sil] 上颌骨
mandible ['mndibl] 下颌骨
orbit [':bit] 眶
frontal sinus ['frntl sains] 额窦
sphenoidal sinus ['sfi:nidl sains] 蝶窦
maxillary sinus [mk'silri sains] 上颌窦
fontanelle ]ֽfnt'nel] 囟
suture ['sju:t] 缝
hypophysial fossa [haipu'fizil 'fs] 垂体窝
foramen magnum of the occipital bone [f枕骨大孔
'reimen 'mgnm v k'sipitl]
muscle ['msl] 肌
tendon ['tendn] 腱
trapezius [tr'pi:zjs] 斜方肌
pectoralis major [pekt'reilis 'meid] 胸大肌
sternocleidomastoid ]ֽst:nuֽklaid'mstid] 胸锁乳突肌
diaphragm ['daifrm] 膈
inguinal ligament ['igwinl 'ligmnt] 腹股沟韧带
obliquus externus abdominis ['blikws eks't:ns b'dminis] 腹外斜肌
linea alba ['lini 'lb] 白线
biceps brachii ['baiseps 'breikii] 肱二头肌
triceps brachii ['traiseps 'breikii] 肱三头肌
pronator teres [pru'neit 'tiriz] 旋前园肌
deltoid ['deltid] 三角肌
gluteus maximus [glu:'tis 'mksims] 臀大肌
quadriceps femoris ['kwdriseps 'fimris] 股四头肌
patella ligament [p'tel 'ligmnt] 髌韧带
digestive system [di'destiv sistim] 消化系统
oral cavity [':rl kæviti ] 口腔
teeth [ti:θ] 牙
tongue [tŋ] 舌
salivary glands ['slivri glnds] 唾液腺
pharynx ['friŋks] 咽
esophagus [i 'sfgs] 食管
stomach ['stmk] 胃
duodenum [dju:'di:nm ] 十二指肠
small intestine [sm:l in'testin] 小肠
jejunum [di' du:nm] 空肠
ileum ['ilim] 回肠
large intestine [la:d in'testin] 大肠
cecum ['si:km] 盲肠
vermiform appendix ['v:mif:m 'pendiks] 阑尾
sigmoid colon ['sigmid 'kuln] 乙状结肠
colon ['kuln] 结肠
rectum ['rektm] 直肠
liver ['liv] 肝
hepatic duct [h'ptik dkt] 肝管
gallbladder ['g:lbld] 胆囊
common bile duct ['kmn bail dkt] 胆总管
pancreas ['pŋֽkris] 胰
respiratory organs [ris'pairtri ':gns] 呼吸器
nose [nuz] 鼻
paranasal sinuses [pr'neizl 'sainsiz] 鼻旁窦
larynx ['lriŋks] 喉
trachea [tr'ki:] 气管
bronchus ['brks] 支气管
lung [l] 肺
hilum of lung ['hailm v l] 肺门
pleua ['plur] 胸膜
nasal cavity ['neizl 'kviti] 鼻腔
mediastinum ['mi:dis'tainm] 纵隔
plearal recess ['plurl ri'ses] 胸膜隐窝
kidney ['kidni] 肾
renal calices ['ri:nl 'klisi:z] 肾盏
renal pelvis ['ri:nl 'pelvis] 肾盂
ureter [ju'ri:t] 输尿管
urinary bladder ['jurinri 'bld] 膀胱
urethra [ju'ri:r] 尿道
testicle ['testikl] 睾丸
epididymis [epi'didimis] 附睾
ductus deferens ['dkts 'defrnz] 输精管
spermatic cord [sp'mtik k:d] 精索
seminal vesicle ['seminl vesikl] 精囊腺
prostate ['prsteit] 前列腺
penis ['pi:nis] 阴茎
scrotum ['skrutm] 阴囊
ovary ['uvri] 卵巢
uterine tube ['ju:train tju:b] 输卵管
uterus ['ju:trs] 子宫
vagina [v'dain] 阴道
mamma ['mm] 乳房
peritoneum [perit'nim] 腹膜
omental bursa [u'mentl 'b:s] 网膜囊
rectouterine pouch [¸rektu'ju:train paut] 直肠子宫陷凹
mesentery ['mesntri] 肠系膜
omental foramen [u'mentl f'reimn] 网膜孔
peritoneal cavity [¸peritu 'nil 'kæviti] 腹膜腔
greater omentum ['greit u'mentm] 大网膜
lesser omentum ['les u'mentm] 小网膜
cardiac apex ['ka:diæk 'eipeks] 心尖
auricle of heart ['rikl v ha:t] 心耳
interatrial septum [¸int'eitril 'septm] 房间隔
cardiac atrium ['ka:diæk 'eitrim] 心房
cardiac ventricle ['ka:diæk 'ventrikl] 心室
atrioventricular oriface [¸eitriuven'trikjul 'rifis] 房室口
tricuspid valve [trai'kspid 'vlv] 三尖瓣
mitral valve ['maitrl 'vlv] 二尖瓣
papillary muscle [p'pilri msl] 乳头肌
coronary artery ['krnri 'a:tri] 冠状动脉
circumflex branch [¸s:km'fleks bra:nt] 旋支
interventricular branch [¸intven'trikjul bra:nt] 室间支
coronary sinus ['krnri 'sains] 冠状窦
sinuatrial node [¸sinju'ætril noud] 窦房结
atrioventricular node [¸eitriuven'trikjul noud] 房室结
atrioventricular bundle [¸eitriuven'trikjul bndl] 房室束
pericardium [peri'ka:djm] 心包
aorta [ei':t] 主动脉
pulmonary artery ['plmnri 'a:tri] 肺动脉
ascending aorta ['sendiŋ ei':t] 升主动脉
brachiocephalic trunk [brækiuse'fælik trŋk] 头臂干
common carotid artery ['kmn k´rtid 'a:tri] 颈总动脉
facial artery ['feiil 'a:tri] 面动脉
middle meningeal artery [midl minindzil 'a:tri] 脑膜中动脉
subclavian artery [sb'kleivin 'a:tri] 锁骨下动脉
intercostal artery [intkustl 'a:tri] 肋间动脉
celiac trunk ['si:lik trnk] 腹腔干
cystic artery ['sistik 'a:tri] 胆囊动脉
gastroepiploic artery [gstruepi'plik 'a:tri] 胃网膜动脉
testicular artery [testi'kjul 'a:tri] 睾丸动脉
ovarian artery [uv'rin 'a:tri] 卵巢动脉
appendicular artery [pn'dikjul 'a:tri] 阑尾动脉
femoral artery ['femrl 'a:tri] 股动脉
superior vena cava [sju'piri 'vi:n 'keiv] 上腔静脉
cephalic vein [se'flik vein] 头静脉
basilic vein ['bsilik vein] 贵要静脉
great saphenous vein [greit 'sfins vein] 大隐静脉
hepatic portal vein [hi'ptik p:tl vein] 肝门静脉
azygos vein ['zigs vein] 奇静脉
lymphatic vessel [lim'ftik 'vesl] 淋巴管
lymph nodes [limf nouds] 淋巴结
inguinal lymph nodes ['iwinl limf nouds] 腹股沟淋巴结
thoracic duct ['rsik dkt] 胸导管
thyroid gland ['airid 'glnd] 甲状腺
parathyroid gland [prairid glnd] 甲状旁腺
suprarenal gland [sju:prri:nl glnd] 肾上腺
hypophysis [hai'pfisis] 脑垂体
pineal body ['painil 'bdi] 松果体
visual organ ['vizjuel :gn] 视器
sclera ['sklir] 巩膜
cornea [k;ni] 角膜
choroid ['k:rid] 脉络膜
iris ['airis] 虹膜
ciliary body ['siliri bdi] 睫状体
pupil [pju:pil] 瞳孔
retina ['retin] 视网膜
lens [lens] 晶状体
optic disc ['ptik dik] 视神经盘
eyelids ['ailid] 眼睑
lacrimal gland ['lkriml glnd] 泪腺
external acoustic meatus [iks't:nl 'ku:stik mi:ttympanic membrane [tim'pnik membrein] 鼓膜
s] 外耳道
tympanic cavity [tim'pnik kviti] 鼓室
auditory ossicles [':ditri 'siklz] 听小骨
auditory tube [':ditri tju:b] 咽鼓管
labyrinth ['lbrin] 迷路
semicircular ducts [semi's:kjul dkt] 半规管
cochlea ['kkli] 耳蜗
vestibule ['vestibju:l] 前庭
nerve system [n:v 'sistim] 神经系统
glial cell ['glail] 胶质细胞
gray matter [grei 'mæt] 灰质
cortex ['k:teks] 皮质
nucleus [njuklis] 神经核
ganglion ['gæŋglin] 神经节
white matter [wait 'mæt] 白质
medulla [me'dl] 髓质
synapse ['sinæps] 突触
spinal cord ['spainl k:d] 脊髓
conus medullaris [med'lris] 脊髓圆锥
cauda equina 马尾
cervical enlargement 颈膨大
lumbosacral enlargement 腰骶膨大
filum terminale [failm t:mineil] 终丝
spinal nerves ['spainl n:vs] 脊神经
cervical plexus ['s:vikl plekss] 颈丛
brachial plexus ['breikjl plekss] 臂丛
median nerve ['mi:djn n:v] 正中神经
ulner nerve ['ln n:v] 尺神经
intercostal nerve [int'kstl n:v] 肋间神经
femoral nerve ['femrl n:v] 股神经
sciatic nerve [sai: ætic n:v] 坐骨神经
common peroneal nerve ['kmn perunil n:v] 腓总神经
tibial nerve [tibil n:v] 胫神经
central canal ['sentrl knl] 中央管
substantia gelationsa [sb'stnie del'nus ] 胶状质
anterior white commissure [n'liri wait 'kmisju] 白质前连合
fasciculus gracilis [f'sikjuls 'grsailiz] 薄束
fasciculus cuneatu [f'sikjuls 'kju:ni:t] 楔束
spinothalamic tract [pinn'lmik trkt] 脊髓丘脑束
corticospinal tract [k:tiku'spainl trkt] 皮质脊髓束
posterior horn [ps'tiri h:n] 后角
nucleus proprius ['nju:klis pr'pris] 后角固有核
brain [brein] 脑
brain stem [brein stem] 脑干
medulla oblongata [medl bl'geit] 延髓
pons [pnz] 脑桥
midbrain [mid'brein] 中脑
pyramidal decussation [pi'rmid dek'sein] rhomboid fossa ['rmbid 'fs] 菱形窝
锥体交叉
fourth ventricle ['f 'ventrikl] 第四脑室
cerebral peduncle ['seribrl pi'dkl] 大脑脚
cranial nerve ['kreinil n:v] 脑神经
olfactory nerve [l'fktri n:v] 嗅神经
optic nerve ['ptik n:v] 视神经
oculomotor nerve [kjulu'mut n:v] 动眼神经
trochlear nerve ['trkli n:v] 滑车神经
abducent nerve [b'dju:snt n:v] 展神经
vestibulocochlear nerve [vestibju:lk'kli n:v] 前庭蜗神经
accesory nerve [k'sesri n:v] 副神经
hypoglossal nerve [haipu'glsl n:v] 舌下神经
trigeminal nerve [trai'deminl n:v] 三叉神经
facial nerve ['feil n:v] 面神经
trigeminal ganglion [trai'deminl 'gglin] 三叉神经节
glossorpharyngeal nerve ['glsufrin'di: n:v] 舌咽神经
vagus nerve ['veigs n:v] 迷走神经
recurrent laryngeal nerve [ri'krnt lrin'dil n:v] 喉返神经
superior laryngeal nerve [sju: 'piri lrin'dil n:v] 喉上神经
chorda tympani ['k:d 'timpni] 鼓索
pterygopalatine ganglion ['pterig'pltain 'gglin] 翼腭神经节
substantia nigra [sb'stn 'naigr] 黑质
red nucleus [red 'nju:klis] 红核
mesencephalic aqueduct [mesen'seflik 'kwdkt] 中脑水管
cuneate nucleus ['kju:ni:t 'nju:klis] 楔束核
gracile nucleus ['grsail 'nju:klis] 薄束核
lateral lemniscus ['ltrl lem'nisks] 外侧丘系
inferior olivary nucleus [in'firi 'livri 'nju:klis] 下橄榄核
nucleus of solitary tract ['nju:klis 'slitri trkt] 孤束核
medial lemniscus ['mi:djl lem'nisks] 内侧丘系
reticular formation [ri'tikjul f:'mein] 网状结构
sympathetic trunk [simp'θetik trŋk] 交感干
greater splanchnic nerve ['greit 'splŋknik n:v] 内脏大神经
celiac plexus ['si:liæk 'plekss] 腹腔丛
cardiac plexus ['ka:diæk 'plekss] 心丛
preganglionic neuron ['pri:ֽgægli'nik 'njurn] 节前神经元
postganglionic neuron ]ֽpustggli'nik 'njurn] 节后神经元
cerebellum [seri'belm] 小脑
diencephalon ]ֽdaien'sefln] 间脑
third ventricle [:d 'ventrikl] 第三脑室
pineal body ['pinil 'bdi] 松果体
neurohypophysis [njuruhai'pfisis] 神经垂体
hypothalamus [haip'lms] 下后脑
dorsal thalamus ['d:sl 'lms] 背侧丘脑
medial geniculate body ['mi:dil ʤi'nikjulit 'bdi] Lateral geniculate body ['ltrl ʤi'nikjulit 'bdi] telencephalon ]ֽtelen'sefln] 端脑
cerebral cortex ['seribrl 'k:teks] 大脑皮质
central sulcus ['sentrl 'slks] 中央沟
外侧膝状体 内侧膝状体
precentral gyrus [pri:'sentrl ' dairs] 中央前回
corpus callosum ['k:ps 'kælusm] 胼胝体
caudate nucleus ['k:deit 'nju:klis] 尾状核
corpus striatum ['k:ps 'straieitm] 纹状体
internal capsule [in't:nl 'kpsju: l] 内囊
lateral ventricle ['ltrl 'ventrikl] 侧脑室
neural pathway ['njurl 'pa:wei] 神经通路
pyramidal system [pi'rmidl 'sistm] 锥体系
extrapyramidal system [ekstrpi'rmidl 'sistm] cerebral dura mater [' seribrl 'djurl 'meit] arachnoid mater ['rknid 'meit] 蛛网膜
pia mater ['pai 'meit] 软膜
锥体外系
硬脑膜
subarachnoid space ]ֽsb'rknid speis] 蛛网膜下隙
choroid plexus ['k:r id 'plekss] 脉络丛
cerebrospinal fluid ]ֽseribru'spainl 'flu:id] 脑脊液
sinuses of dura mater [' sainsiz v 'djurl 'meit] 硬脑膜窦
superior sagital sinus [sju:'piri 'sditl 'sains] 上矢状窦
inferior sagital sinus [in'firi 'sditl 'sains] 下矢状窦
carvenous sinus ['ka:vns 'sains] 海绵窦
cerebral falx ['seribrl flks] 大脑镰
tentorium of cerebellum ['tentrim v seri'belm] 小脑幕
interventricular foramen ]ֽint'ventrikjul f'reimen] 室间孔
confluence of sinuses ['knfluns v 'sainsiz] 窦汇
sternal angle 胸骨角
internal thoracic artery 胸廓内动脉
xiphoid process 剑突
clavipectoral fascia 锁胸筋膜
pectoralis major 胸大肌
parasternal lymph nodes 胸骨旁淋巴结
serratus anterior 前锯肌
endothoracic fascia 胸内筋膜
intercostal space 肋间隙
axillary sheath 腋鞘
axillary fossa 腋窝
trilateral foramen 三边孔
axillary artery 腋动脉
quadrilateral foramen 四边孔
brachial plexus 臂丛
lateral thoracic artery 胸外侧动脉
radial nerve 桡神经
posterior humeral circumflex artery 旋肱后动脉
cubital fossa 肘窝
median nerve 正中神经
cephalic vein 头静脉
musculocutaneous nerve 肌皮神经
brachial artery 肱动脉
deep cubital lymph nodes 肘深淋巴结
radial artery 桡动脉
median cubital vein 肘正中静脉
ulnar nerve 尺神经
midpalmar space 掌中间隙
carpal canal 腕管
thenar space 鱼际间隙
palmar aponeurosis 掌腱膜
pulp space 指髓间隙
flexor retinaculum 屈肌支持带
tendinous sheaths of finger 指腱鞘
superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓
humeromuscular tunnel 肱骨肌管
pterion 翼点
angle of mandible 下颌角
galea aponeurotica 帽状腱膜
temporal fascia 颞筋膜
supraorbital nerve 眶上神经
infraorbital nerve 眶下神经
mental nerve 颏神经
parotid gland 腮腺
superficial temporal artery 颞浅动脉
submandibular lymph nodes 下颌下淋巴结
laryngeal prominence 喉结
cervical fascia 颈筋膜
external jugular vein 颈外静脉
carotid sheath 颈动脉鞘
external carotid artery 颈外动脉
anterior cervical triangle 颈前三角
carotid triangle 颈动脉三角
superior thyroid artery 甲状腺上动脉
occipital triangle 枕三角
ansa cervicalis 颈袢
cervical sympathetic trunk 颈交感干
cupula of pleura 胸膜顶
vertebral artery 椎动脉
superior cervical ganglion 颈上神经节
phrenic nerve 膈神经
retropharyngeal lymph nodes 咽后淋巴结
greater supraclavicular fossa 锁骨上大窝
costomediastinal recess 肋纵膈隐窝
thoracic cavity 胸腔
posterior intercostal arteries 肋间后动脉
intercostal lymph nodes 肋间淋巴结
pleural cavity 胸膜腔
visceral pleura 脏胸膜
costal pleura 肋胸膜
parietal pleura 壁胸膜
pulmonary ligament 肺韧带
superior mediastinum 上纵隔
thymus 胸腺
aortic isthmus 主动脉峡
triangle of ductus arteriosus 动脉导管三角
middle mediastinum 中纵隔
arterial ligament 动脉韧带
pericardial cavity 心包腔
transverse sinus of pericardium 心包横窦
oblique sinus of pericardium 心包斜窦
arcuate line 弓状线
superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环
deep inguinal ring 腹股沟深环
transverse fascia 腹横筋膜
conjoined tendon 联合腱
sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘
inguinal canal 腹股沟管
inguinal triangle (Hesselbach三角) 腹股沟三角
lacunar ligament 腔隙(隐窝)韧带
inferior epigastric artery 腹壁下动脉
iliohypogastric nerve 髂腹下神经
ilioinguinal nerve 髂腹股沟神经
gastrocolic ligament 胃结肠韧带
hepatoduodenal ligament 肝十二指肠韧带
lienorenal ligament 脾肾韧带
suspensory ligament of duodenum 十二指肠悬韧带
bare area of liver 肝裸区
short gastric artery 胃短动脉
hepatic pedicle 肝蒂
duodenojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲
spleen 脾
lienal artery 脾动脉
cystic duct 胆囊管
hepatopancreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹
transverse colon 横结构
superior mesenteric vein 肠系膜上静脉
sigmoid arteries 乙状结肠动脉
appendicular artery 阑尾动脉
jejunum 空肠 ileum 回肠
radix of mesentery 肠系膜根
retroperitoneal space 腹膜后隙
renal pedicle 肾蒂
renal fascia 肾筋膜
adipose capsule 脂肪囊
abdominal aorta 腹主动脉
testicular vein 睾丸静脉
lumbocostal triangle 腰肋三角
esophageal hiatus 食管裂孔
vena caval foramen 腔静脉孔
thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜
superior lumbar triangle 腰上三角
capsule of prostate 前列腺囊
uterine artery 子宫动脉
retrorectal space 直肠后隙
levator ani 肛提肌
superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm 盆膈上筋膜
retropubic space 耻骨后隙
internal iliac artery 髂内动脉
pelvic plexus 盆丛
rectouterine pouch 直肠子宫陷凹
urinary bladder 膀胱
broad ligament of uterus 子宫阔韧带
sphincter ani externus 肛门外括约肌
pudendal canal (Alcock管)阴部管
perineum 会阴
superficial perineal space 会阴浅隙
urogenital diaphragm 尿生殖膈
perineal central tendon 会阴中心腱
ischiorectal fossa 坐骨直肠窝
lacuna musculorum 肌腔隙
cribriform fascia 筛筋膜
saphenous hiatus 隐静脉裂孔
lacuna vasorum 血管腔隙
femoral triangle 股三角
femoral canal 股管
adductor canal 收肌管
obturator nerve 闭孔神经
popliteal fossa 腘窝
malleolar canal 踝管
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