(总分：10.00，做题时间：90分钟)
一、 WRITING(总题数：5，分数：10.00)
1.PART V WRITING（分数：2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 解析：
2.The conflict between economic development and environmental protection is constantly under public debate. Should developing countries prioritize environmental protection over resource extraction when the two are in conflict? The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Seneca Environmental protection impacts our population's long-term future. If nations do not give priority to environmental protection, it could have terrible impacts on the world's population in the decades to come. We would no longer have the necessary resources to be able to support the human race, and the Earth would become an even more hazardous place to live due to global warming, stronger storms, increased pollution and toxins in the atmosphere and the like.Masterbutor Put yourself in their shoes. These people are poor, starving, and we impose these restrictions on them. As we have more wealth we can bare more of the burden. But it really wouldn't be that much of a problem if we wouldn't do things like subsidizing agriculture and destroying the ability of the Third World farmers to compete. If we do that and if we eliminate world hunger ( which is doable by a coordinated international effort, in some cases giving people food stamps or some equivalent would suffice since famines are rarely ever caused by the lack of food, it's lack of affordability) and help turn the developing economies into developed ones then we should demand they start cutting emissions.Juris Environment is paramount. Conflict between environmental protection and economic benefits happens. Activities like mining, logging, and the like are examples of such conflict. A country must either have the other, and it cannot have both at all time. But when that happens, environmental protection must prevail over economic benefits because the former once lost, it's lost forever. On the other hand, there are many activities aside from the above-mentioned that can help a country enjoy economic success. Ultimately, it is supposed to create more jobs for the indigenous people, and save the environment from destruction, deaths, and disaster.Cuttiepie3d All people have the right to live in a clean, safe environment. Yes, because the right to a clean and safe environment is an important and essential human right that should not be denied on the basis of race, class, ethnicity, or position in the global economic system. When resource extraction compromises this essential human right, it worsens the livelihood of people.Teie A developing nation should not give priority to environmental protection over resource extraction. The reality is that protecting the environment and resource extraction are not inherently diametrically opposed. Even a developing nation is able to temper resource extraction with environmental protection. Because most developing nations rely upon technology provided by companies and governments from more advanced nations, they are able to utilize these tools to accomplish this balanced objective.Duthes There should be a balance between however being overly concerned with the environmental effects of harvesting resources leads to higher costs and the use of foreign resources that are harvested at the same or even higher cost to the environment. In my opinion, very modest regulation on methods should be introduced and enforced, however, if there is no other way to obtain whatever material then there should be no negative repercussions from using a method of extraction that causes harm. Write
your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. （分数：2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Should Developing Countries Prioritize Environmental Protection over Resource Extraction? In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, the metabolic requirements for all animals to survive—air, water and food—are considered to be physiological needs which are the most fundamental ones. Especially, the populations in developing countries are still struggling on these basic needs for necessities in the form of the dilemma between environmental protection and resource extraction. In actuality, what is in urgent need for developing countries is to devise a healthy and balanced concept behind the development, instead of following the developed countries' old and disastrous pattern in their industrialization at the painful cost of environmental catastrophe and human beings' decay on the journey of pursuing genuine happiness. Those who argue for resource extraction assert that only in this way can developing countries shake off the chain of starvation and indigence, while the opponents defend for the prioritized concern with environmental protection based on the non-renewable resources and vulnerable ecological system. The consumerism beneath the pattern of resource extraction to accumulate wealth in the era dominated by industry misrepresents the blueprint for human beings' happiness. Humans are trapped as worker ants in the hustle and bustle of the remote poor village as well as the modern metropolitan, with the assumption of pursuing happiness at the cost of losing their most precious possession—independence. Although the right to make a penny at whatever cost is seldom challenged, still from the perspective of opportunity cost, the agony suffered from the loss of environment harmony differs in character from the pain out of the absence of resource extraction. Specifically, the possible outcome from the refusal of resource exploitation would be the simplified yet acceptable way of life, like the absence of one digit of zero in the bank account, or a light meal instead of a lavish cuisine. However, the repercussion from the indifference to environmental protection would be rather fatal, such as the lethal chemicals lingered on the land, the air and the water would ultimately doom the whole ecosystem to extinction, including human beings. To sum up, the developing countries, on the basis of the bloody lesson proved in the developed countries, are supposed to put forward an evolutionary and green system of development with the due respect for the nature and human beings' happiness.)
解析：解析：本题讨论的是发展中国家在面临资源开采和环境保护的冲突时，该如何取舍。题目要求简要概括所给材料中的观点，并发表自己的看法。在具体的写作过程中，考生可以开篇点明社会现象，并提出论点：发展中国家需要全新的发展理念，而非套用发达国家已被证明代价高昂而被淘汰的模式；第二段简要概括材料中的观点；第三段重点阐述自己对这一问题的看法，并说明理由；最后一段总结全文，重申观点。
3.These days lots of popular TV dramas are being criticized for seriously distorting history, but some argue that watching these dramas is a kind of relaxing and it's a form of art and literature that is mainly composed of fiction, supplemented by historical facts. The following are different opinions from the public. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Sofia07 (the US): It's a drama, not a documentary. Dramas are meant to entertain, not necessarily educate, so I don't think they need to be historically accurate. What do we watch TV dramas for? We watch them for killing time, not for learning. Right? If we really want to learn something, we go to classes or the library. It would be a bit boring to read some sort of a clinical break-down of history as it really was, but it should all be taken for entertainment rather than as a source of legitimate information. BlondeAmber (China) : TV is mostly for entertainment. Even if historical dramas are based on history, there are fictional parts in them. Besides, no one can accurately say exactly
what was said or done at a certain point in history, particularly any incident that happened prior to modern recording methods. Xuedongi60 (China): As I see it, the main storyline and trend must adhere to true history, but some unimportant things can absorb some folklores or fiction. It is just a TV drama and it has its commercial intention. But some screenplays distort the history intentionally just to draw people's attention and that always makes people indignant and some departments should inspect carefully. Avbdill ( South Europe) : It's not so much the directors to blame but the populace as a whole for spreading fallacies of historical facts. People are swayed by deception all the time. Very few people look at the world objectively but let personal prejudices sway their opinions. Nobody cares what really happened as long as the romance, spirit, etc. of the movie is provocative enough to capture their attention. Ysyaileen (Canada) : It depends on what kind of drama it is. If it is based on stories that really happened in the past then it must be based on facts, especially when it concerns some famous people who have made great contribution to history. The drama must tell the truth. If the director just makes up the stories and changes the historical facts then it will mislead the audience. Alex24 ( China) : I believe there should be a clear bottom line to these historical dramas, as they should not go as far as to insult the intelligence of the audience. Some periods in Chinese history are worth remembering as an important piece of history, not something to be spoofed. Messi30 (the UK) : Entertainment doesn't mean that you can add any funny elements into the drama without considering the facts of history. Entertainment must also be educative and meaningful. Otherwise you are just wasting your time watching them. Delilah (Spain) : I think that historical TV dramas should include at the end what elements were accurate and which were fictionalized. The writers of historical fiction usually do this at the end or beginning of the book. Then you at least know what actually happened in real life and where an author used creative license to make the story more interesting. Crimson Guard ( South Europe) : Casting and creators need to keep in mind the historical facts or they will lose watchers. Most of us have watched because we love history, but have grumbled with each passing episode at the inconsistencies. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. （分数：2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Can TV Dramas Distort History? Recently, some Chinese viewers have grown frustrated with both the volume and the inauthentic and historically distorted nature of anti-Japanese dramas. The opinions people hold on this phenomenon are worth profound thinking. Some people say dramas are just for entertainment so that we should not lay too much additional functions of educating and recording history onto them. Another saying is that who knows what exactly happened at a certain point in history. So there's nothing wrong for the dramas to absorb some folklores into the main storyline for some commercial intention. However, lots of others refute the opinion by saying that entertainment doesn't mean facts and heroes in history can be casually twisted. So they suggest setting a bottom line for the dramas in case they challenge the intelligence of the audience, or labeling the fictionalized and imaginative contents at the end so that the audience can separate entertainment elements from history facts. Combing all the messy arguments, I think moderate supervision is still necessary. My reasons are as follows. Firstly, the exaggerated plots will mislead the audience too far. The most ridiculous scene is a Chinese hero tears a Japanese soldier in half with his bare hands, which is not patriotism but obscurantism. Secondly, these kinds of \"stupefying\" dramas lead the public to lose respect for history. I don't mean we should crack down all the dramas with historical background. Some time-travel series are really worth watching. But when the plots are based on real historical events or heroes, the principle lines shouldn't be too much inflammatory. Lastly, regulations should be set so that the playwrights and the directors know the bottom line. This will not only make the inspection work easier, but also save the energy and efforts of the drama crew. The movie rating system may also apply to contents related to history. In a word, entertainment should also
obey the basic moral bottom line. Some specific regulations need to be carefully formulated, but they should not be against the speech freedom of the media industry.)
解析：解析：本题讨论影视剧篡改历史事实的问题，属于社会生活类命题。本题要求简要概括所给材料中的不同观点，并发表自己的看法。在具体的写作过程中，考生可以开篇点明社会现象，并提出论题：影视剧是否可以篡改历史事实；第二段简要归纳材料中公众的不同观点；第三段重点阐述自己对这一问题的看法，并说明理由；最后一段总结全文，重申观点。
4.Beauty contests are popular in many parts of the world. There are different kinds of beauty contests. Adult women's beauty contests are the most popular and high-profile version. Meanwhile, there is a constant debate on whether beauty contests are a good thing or not. The following are opinions from different sides. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Naomi: Beauty contests are patriarchal. Beauty contests promote an ideal of female beauty to which only a minority of women can realistically aspire, but which add to the pressure on all women to conform to it. This can be harmful to women by encouraging dieting, eating disorders and cosmetic surgery, or simply by making them feel inadequate and ugly by comparison to this \"ideal\" that is promoted. Moreover, these contests force the models and contestants to look even slimmer and perfect all the time, thus encouraging anorexia and bulimia. Elizabeth; Beauty contests are an avenue of opportunity that women are entitled to pursue. In an environment where women are valued solely on their appearance, and in which there are more opportunities for men, beauty contests give women an opportunity to improve their situations. Winning a beauty contest can be the first step toward a successful life in the future. Many Hollywood actresses are former beauty queens, and they would not have reached their success without the beauty contests they won. In addition, the winners of high-profile beauty contests are able to publicize charities and causes they feel strongly about—they have a public platform they could not otherwise have gained. Beauty pageants can also empower in other ways: The Miss America competition is the largest provider of scholarship assistance for women in the world; indeed it pioneered assistance for women in higher education in the 40's and 50's. Pen: Beauty contests objectify women. Women in beaut)' contests are judged on their physical appearance rather than on any other qualities they may possess (the existence of a \"talent\" element in many such contests is all very well, but ugly women simply aren't going to win ). Judging women, but not men, primarily on their looks contributes to the subjugation of women because other qualities, such as intelligence, are not seen as part of ideal femininity and therefore not as things to which women should aspire. Seth: Self defined feminists do not have the right to dictate how other women relate to their femininity. A ban is a very blunt instrument with which to attack a practice. Banning beauty contests would do little to destroy the ideal of beauty as it is prevalent in many other areas of society which are unrelated to Beauty Pageants, such as advertising, fashion and the entertainment industry. The only result of a ban will simply be to reduce the choice of women—who of course do choose to participate. Choice is fundamentally a good thing and everyone should have as many choices as possible so long as they are not limiting the choice of others. Obasanjo: The image of female beauty promoted by beauty contests is culturally specific and western—it doesn't matter how many Asian women win the Miss World. They can only do so if they take part in the swimsuit competition, which may well not be considered appropriate dress in their cultures. This clash of cultures has led to numerous protests, demonstrations and even violence when beauty contests are going on. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. （分数：2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Are Beauty Contests a Good Thing? Beauty, as an irresistible means to seduce,
is the instinct of animals to survive because one is inclined to protect what one loves. However, what is accepted as beauty is culturally and traditionally different, and manifested in various forms, like Beauty Contests. As a matter of fact, the beauty contest has been to the detriment of both genders, male and female, in different contexts, like at school, in marriage, even in the business. Some propagandists claim that beauty competition can provide an avenue of opportunity for fame and fortune for the candidates, nevertheless, others oppose that the brutal simplification of the criteria for beauty on physical appearance has swept the female victims all over the world in the disguised form of cultural invasion as well as beauty contests. The sole ideal of female beauty on appearance beneath the beauty contest can misguide people from all walks of life regardless of their sex and age. To begin with, the young female generation at school would set their mission of life to be gorgeous enough to marry a Mr. Right, instead of devoting themselves to the intellectual pursuit, like mathematics, physics, philosophy, which requires painstaking efforts of training and discipline. It gradually generates a vicious circle, where the females in their adulthood would turn out to be incapable of competing with their counterparts, but to be subjugated to the patriarchal society. What is worse, the opposite sex, the male, also suffered especially in marriage, as he selects his Lady according to the dominating criteria of beauty, ignoring her character and intelligence. This would probably explain the soaring rate of divorce. Even in middle-age crisis out of misunderstanding and loneliness, men's dark sides like domestic abuse, cheating, alcoholism, or depression are still prevalent in modern marriage originally based on choosing an adorable housewife. Lastly, when it comes to business, people would perceive hypocritically a lady who really has a high face score with a high IQ as a vase, and more pathetically, a lady who is a plain-Jane with a high IQ as a witch. Ultimately, it would ruin the golden match between men and women in the division of labor. All in all, as is slightly altered from Martin Luther King's remarks, I have a dream that our children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by their appearance but by the content of their character.)
解析：解析：本题讨论选美比赛是否值得推崇，话题直击社会热点，其背后的价值观值得深究。本题要求简要概括所给材料中的观点，并发表自己的看法。在具体的写作过程中，考生可以开篇点明社会现象，并提出论点；第二段简要阐述正反两种观点；第三段重点阐述自己对这一问题的看法，并说明理由；最后一段总结全文，重申观点。
5.Reality TV, the programme that shows things really taking place rather than drama or comedy that follows a script, has become very popular over the past decade with shows such as \" Happy Camp\" , \" Where are we going, Dad\" and \" If you are the one\" attracting a big audience and making a lot of money for broadcasters worldwide. Whether reality TV is a good thing or not? The following are opinions of different people. Read the excerpts carefully and write your response in about 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize briefly the different opinions; 2. give your comment. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Becker Reality TV encourages people to pursue celebrity status, and discourages the value of hard work. Reality shows send a bad message and help to create a cult of instant celebrity. They are typically built around shameless self-promotion, based on humiliating others and harming relationships for the entertainment of each other and the viewers at home. These programmes suggest that anyone can become famous just by getting on TV and \"being themselves\particular talent.James Reality TV is popular and TV producers should give the audience what they want. They may not be high culture but most people do want that from television. Most viewers want to be entertained and to escape for a while from the worries and boredom of their everyday life. Therefore, there is no harm in giving people what they want—that is what the free market is all about. Reality shows are also popular because they exploit new technology so that millions of people can participate in the programme— typically by voting.Jury Reality shows make for bad,
lazy and corrupting television programmes, encouraging such behavior in society. They mostly show ordinary people with no special talents doing very little. If they have to sing or dance, then they do it badly—which doesn't make for good entertainment. They rely on humiliation and conflict to create excitement. Furthermore, the programmes are full of swearing, crying and argument, and often violence. This sends a message to people that this is normal behavior and helps to create a crude, selfish society.Sanneh Reality shows force us to analyse our own behavior, which has a high value to our society. They are effective anthropological experiments, allowing the public to study people and the society from the comfort of their living rooms. In these programmes we see people like us in tricky situations. It also shows us people who look and act very differently from us, and helps us see that actually we have a lot in common with them. There is nothing immoral about reality shows. They are just a product of our values and desires.Poniewozik Reality shows are not \"real\". Reality TV is dishonest—it pretends to show \"reality\" but it actually distorts the truth to suit the programme makers. Mostly they show a bunch of young, good-looking self-publicists , who will do anything to get on TV. Usually the programme makers try to ensure excitement by picking people who are likely to clash with each other. They then place them in unnatural situations, and give them strange challenges in order to provoke them into behaving oddly. Finally the makers film their victims for hundreds of hours from all angles, but only show the most dramatic parts. Selective editing may be used to create \"storylines\" and so further manipulate the truth of what happened. Write your response on ANSWER SHEET FOUR. （分数：2.00）
__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：(正确答案： Is Reality TV a Good Thing? As its name says, reality TV itself is a curious paradox—it involves the true reality on the basis of an artificial show. There is no wonder that the self-contradicting programme can be eye-catching to a big audience as well as hotly-debated by billions of critics. In essence, it can't play the role of refreshing people, nor can it supply a genuine interpretation of human nature to us. Instead, it just satisfies people's unconscious need for peeking. Those who speak highly of reality shows assert that the programmes can provide an entertaining shelter for the audience from boredom and pressure in modern life, especially through a funny interactive way of voting. On the other hand, the shows are accused of encouraging a corrupted and lazy air of overnight fame without the due painstaking efforts. Moreover, the producers can stir up popular passions through supplying the mass audience with illusions of truth. In actuality, the reality show can't encourage a healthier lifestyle in the general population. Firstly, the sea of information in the forms of dazzling pictures, exaggerated costumes, and slashing montage abundant in reality shows, despite of the first-sight freshness, would to a great extent drown the audience into numbness, with a heavy head albeit hollow mind and heavy steps trudging into the bedroom. Secondly, the fast-food entertaining can definitely not shed the comprehensive light on the universal interpretation of human nature which is too complicated to suffer any abbreviation at will. Lastly, the desire for stealing a glance at others' privacy can be easy to reach just by collapsing in front of the TV screen every evening. However, the inner instinct of violence, a great feature in reality shows, cannot be negated or suppressed by peeking. Probably the justified way-out for the instinct against today's sedentary lifestyle and stressful working conditions is to engage in outdoor activities such as hiking, running and swimming. In conclusion, the reality TV is not as refreshing and truth-telling as expected. On the contrary, it just misrepresents the boring way of life of the mass.)
解析：解析：本题讨论的是娱乐节目真人秀，命题贴近社会生活。本题要求简要概括所给材料中的观点，并发表自己的看法。在具体的写作过程中，考生可以开篇点明这种社会现象，并提出论点；第二段简要总结材料中的观点；第三段重点阐述自己对这一问题的看法，并说明理由；最后一段总结全文，重申观点。
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容